Cytochromes P450


Cytochromes P450
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Cytochromes P450


Cytochromes P450
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Author : Costas Ioannides
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2008-06-27

Cytochromes P450 written by Costas Ioannides and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-27 with Science categories.


During half a century, cytochrome P450 in its original uniqueness as an optically "wrong" cytochrome has attracted many investigators, who have contributed to the unveiling of a bewildering multiplicity of biologically important functions of the, by now very large, superfamily of cytochrome P 450 enzymes. With its discovery in 1958 and with the advent of more refined spectroscopic methodologies, through the double wavelength spectrophotometry, the mysterious enzyme system began to reveal its secrets in a swift stream of investigative successes. As one of the most extensively studied enzyme systems worldwide the interest in cytochromes P450 very much reflects its importance in the elimination of drugs and other chemicals from the body and its role in chemical toxicity and in the aetiology of diseases such as cancer. There has been significant progress in research in this area in recent years and current books on this subject are now out of date. This much needed, new, fully up-to-date publication fills this gap and emphasises the new relevant topics that have emerged during the last decade in an easily accessible manner. The enzyme system, cytochromes P450, comprises a number of families/subfamilies, and the focus of the book is to deal with each individually, furnishing information directly relevant to scientists involved in the development of chemicals, in particular in the evaluation of their safety. The book has contributions from internationally respected scientists who are research-active in the relevant areas. The authors have made extensive use of figures and tables so that the reader can access the necessary information without always having to read the text. In addition, a very extensive, user-friendly index is a unique hallmark of the book. Part A of this monograph introduces the reader to the current knowledge of the evolutionary development of cytochrome P450 structure and function. Furthermore, it deals with the role of this enzyme in the formation of reactive intermediates. The shrewd and extensive utilisation of the molecular biology methodology very rapidly led to a vast body of enzymes calling for a classification of the plethora of different cytochromes P450 (the superfamily) into families and subfamilies. This is aptly exemplified by the ten chapters in Part B of this book, dealing with ten subfamilies and two families of cytochrome P450. Part C offers an insight into another aspect of cytochrome P450 research, namely its regulation through receptor-mediated stimuli - as opposed to enzyme induction or inhibition. The final chapter translates the current data on one of several drug metabolising systems into clinical application and highlights the role of cytochromes P450 in the treatment of neoplastic growth. The book deals extensively with each family/subfamily of the cytochromes P450 that contribute to the metabolism of xenobiotics. Essential and invaluable information is provided for the industrial research scientist working with fine chemicals, and especially those in the pharmaceutical industry, dealing with the safety evaluation of chemicals or being involved in the study of their metabolism, pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties. It should also prove of interest to Regulators concerned with the safety evaluation of chemicals, research pharmacologists and toxicologists, and postgraduate students studying drug metabolism and toxicology at an advanced level.



Cytochromes P450


Cytochromes P450
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Author : Costas Ioannides
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1996-09-06

Cytochromes P450 written by Costas Ioannides and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-06 with Medical categories.


Cytochromes P450: Metabolic and Toxicological Aspects examines cytochrome P450 proteins and their role in toxicity/carcinogenicity and the metabolism of foreign chemicals. Studying the function of these proteins enables us to: Predict the pathways and outcome of chemical metabolism to rationalize species, sex, and age differences in toxicity Anticipate drug interactions Modify doses to fit the needs of patients Contributions from internationally acknowledged experts are organized into three sections. The first section provides an overview, the next profiles each of the cytochrome P450 families and subfamilies involved in chemical metabolism, and the last section discusses new issues and developments of current interest. This detailed and thorough examination of cytochrome P450 will be a useful source for research scientists, especially those working in the pharmaceutical industry, dealing with the safety evaluation of chemicals and the study of their metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological properties.



Guide To Cytochromes P450


Guide To Cytochromes P450
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Author : David F. V. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2001-04-12

Guide To Cytochromes P450 written by David F. V. Lewis and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-12 with Medical categories.


Cytochromes are coloured iron-containing proteins that transfer electrons during cellular respiration and photosynthesis. The Cytochrome P450 family of enzymes catalyze reactions whereby water-insoluble drugs or metabolites, that would otherwise reach toxic levels in cell membranes, are rendered suitably water-soluble to leave the cell and be excreted in the urine. Due to the extensive nature of this subject, which is an area of intense scientific interest, the field is rapidly advancing and there is a need for new textbooks to keep abreast of the latest developments. The book fulfils that role in providing a fast-track approach for those coming into the P450 field, either at postgraduate level or in particular within the pharmaceutical industry. A Guide to Cytochrome P450 Structure and Function acts as an adjunct to the previous book Cytochromes P450: Structure, Function and Mechanism. It reviews the current status of the P450 field in terms of our present knowledge and understanding of the enzymes structure and function, including their multiplicity of forms, diversity of substrates, and selectivity. This is brought together with the latest research topics, including pharmacogenetics, regulation, human DMEs, toxicity screening and molecule modeling, to provide a fast-track approach for those new to the field.



Guide To Cytochromes


Guide To Cytochromes
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Author : David F.V. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1996-07-03

Guide To Cytochromes written by David F.V. Lewis and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-07-03 with Science categories.


This guide to the structure, function and mechanism of the cytochromes P450 focuses on the role of P450s in xenobiotic metabolism and toxicity. Colour illustrations show how modelling of P450s can rationalize their substrate specificity for the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous chemicals.



The Ubiquitous Roles Of Cytochrome P450 Proteins


The Ubiquitous Roles Of Cytochrome P450 Proteins
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Author : Astrid Sigel
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2007-04-30

The Ubiquitous Roles Of Cytochrome P450 Proteins written by Astrid Sigel and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-30 with Science categories.


Helmut Sigel, Astrid Sigel and Roland K.O. Sigel, in close cooperation with John Wiley & Sons launch a new Series “Metal Ions in Life Sciences”. There exists a whole range of books on Cytochromes P450, but none with the focus of this volume. This new volume in the Series concentrates on current hot topics in the area and tries to work out the underlying common developments. As a result the reader will find a systematic account of new results in this exciting research area. The table of contents gives an idea on the wide span of chapters, starting with overviews and the presentation of specific systems, and ending with chapters on carbon-carbon bond cleavage by P450 sytems, drug metabolism as catalyzed by P450 systems, decomposition of xenobiotics by P450 enzymes and design and engineering of new P450 systems.



Cytochromes


Cytochromes
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Author : David F.V. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2003-09

Cytochromes written by David F.V. Lewis and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09 with Science categories.




Cytochrome P450


Cytochrome P450
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Author : John B. Schenkman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-08

Cytochrome P450 written by John B. Schenkman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-08 with Medical categories.


The most complete and up-to-date survey of this important superfamily of enzymes, including the first ever coverage of the forms involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis. The components of the enzyme system, the reaction mechanisms involved, and the evolution and nomenclature are analyzed, as is the hepatic microsomal enzyme in a large number of species, illustrating the very wide implications for life processes.



Cytochrome P450


Cytochrome P450
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Author : Paul R. Ortiz de Montellano
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11

Cytochrome P450 written by Paul R. Ortiz de Montellano and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Medical categories.


In the ten years that have elapsed since the first edition of this book went to press, the cytochrome P450 field has completed the transition to a discipline in which structure and mechanism, even regulation and biological function, are dealt with in molecular terms. The twin forces that have propelled this remarkable progress have been the widespread adoption of molecular biological approaches and the successful application of modem structural techniques. Only a few P450 primary sequences were available in 1985, whereas hundreds of P450 sequences are now available. Site-specific mutagenesis was then mostly a proverbial gleam in the eye of the P450 community, but it is now a standard technique in the research repertoire. The first crystal structure of a cytochrome P450 enzyme had just been solved in 1985 and appeared on the cover of the first edition. Today, the high-reso lution crystal structures of four soluble bacterial P450 enzymes are available and the race is on to develop approaches that will permit us to determine the structures of the membrane-bound forms of the enzyme. The past ten years has seen phenomenal progress let us hope that the next ten will prove equally exciting. The book is informally divided into four sections. In order to hold the book close to the advancing front of research, some of the chapter topics from the first edition have been dropped to make room for new or expanded topics.



Cytochromes P450 Drug Metabolism Bioactivation And Biodiversity 2 0


Cytochromes P450 Drug Metabolism Bioactivation And Biodiversity 2 0
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Author : Patrick M. Dansette
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-08-31

Cytochromes P450 Drug Metabolism Bioactivation And Biodiversity 2 0 written by Patrick M. Dansette and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-31 with Science categories.


This book, "Cytochromes P450: Drug Metabolism, Bioactivation and Biodiversity", presents five papers on human cytochrome P450 (CYP) and P450 reductase, three reviews on the role of CYPs in humans and their use as biomarkers, six papers on CYPs in microorganisms, and one study on CYP in insects. The first paper reports the in silico modeling of human CYP3A4 access channels. The second uses structural methods to explain the mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A4 by mibefradil, 6,7-dihydroxy-bergamottin, and azamulin. The third article compares electron transfer in CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 using structural and biochemical methods, and the fourth uses kinetic methods to study electron transfer to CYP2C8 allelic mutants. The fifth article characterizes electron transfer between the reductase and CYP using in silico and in vitro methods, focusing on the conformations of the reductase. Then, two reviews describe clinical implications in cardiology and oncology and the role of fatty acid metabolism in cardiology and skin diseases. The second review is on the potential use of circulating extracellular vesicles as biomarkers. Five papers analyze the CYPomes of diverse microorganisms: the Bacillus genus, Mycobacteria, the fungi Tremellomycetes, Cyanobacteria, and Streptomyces. The sixth focuses on a specific Mycobacterium CYP, CYP128, and its importance in M. tuberculosis. The subject of the last paper is CYP in Sogatella furcifera, a plant pest, and its resistance to the insecticide sulfoxaflor.



Cytochrome P450 Protocols


Cytochrome P450 Protocols
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Author : Ian R. Phillips
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-02

Cytochrome P450 Protocols written by Ian R. Phillips and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-02 with Science categories.


In Cytochrome P450 Protocols, Ian Phillips and Elizabeth Shephard assemble a comprehensive collection of cutting-edge techniques for the investigation of cytochromes P450. Described in detail by hands-on experimentalists for easy reproducibility, these methods include spectral analysis, purification and enzymatic assays, expression in heterologous systems, and the production and use of antibodies, as well as methods for quantification of gene expression, transfection of hepatocytes, and for the investigation of DNA-protein interactions and genetic polymorphisms. In addition, because of the growing importance of in vitro systems in pharmacological toxicology, the book contains techniques for the culture of rodent and human hepatocytes and human epidermis. Cytochrome P450 induction as a biomarker for environmental pollution and the generation of mice with targeted gene disruptions complete this exhaustive collection of core techniques. Cytochrome P450 Protocols includes in one volume both state-of-the-art and classic methods that have not been superseded but remain extremely useful. The collection provides both novice and experienced researchers across many fields-toxicology, pharmacology, environmental biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology-all the tools needed to elucidate the crucial biological role played by cytochromes P450 in the metabolism of therapeutic drugs, chemical carcinogens, and environmental pollutants.