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Defective Interfering Particles And Viral Interference

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Defective Interfering Particles And Viral Interference

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Author : Erling William Rud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989

Defective Interfering Particles And Viral Interference written by Erling William Rud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Genomes categories.

Quantification And Integration Of The Multi Scale Effects Of Defective Interfering Particles On Virus Infections

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Quantification And Integration Of The Multi Scale Effects Of Defective Interfering Particles On Virus Infections written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

Defective interfering particles (DIPs) are virus mutants that lack essential genes for growth, but able to divert the viral proteins produced by an infectious virus, and thus, interfere with infectious virus production. The accumulating evidence about their presence in nature and the increasing interest in DIP-based vaccine formulations highlight the need for an accurate understanding of the effect of DIPs on virus growth at intracellular and cell-to-cell spread scale. To analyze the multi-scale effects of DIPs, we first tracked the intracellular growth of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in individual cells using fluorescence microscopy and quantified the effects of DIPs on intracellular virus production kinetics. Through a metric scoring the dose-dependent effects of DIPs in cells and their cell-to-cell variations, we identified two-fold higher degree of interference by DIPs in isolated cells than that in single cells within a population. Quantification of infection spread behavior revealed an induction in the diversity of spread patterns with increasing DIP input. Through a cellular automata model driven by the measured virus growth kinetics in individual cells, we found that the intracellular scale effects of DIPs and cell-to-cell variations play a major role in the formation of the diverse interfered spread patterns. Using the developed framework the DIP-induced interference was compared to the interference by a recombinant defective viral mutant that only lacks virus assembly proteins. Our findings suggested that during the DIP co-infections the competition at replication stage interferes mainly with the early growth delaying and reducing the intracellular virus activity, and thus decreasing extracellular virus production, which is further diminished by the competition at virus assembly stage. Despite this reduction in virus production, we observed that the enrichment of DIPs are limited by the growth of infectious virus suggesting the dependency of DIPs on infectious virus at all scales of virus infections. Overall, the insight provided by this work can guide future studies of the viral infectious disease progression in the presence of DIPs, while the developed framework sets a platform to investigate other microbial infections under the effects of different interfering substances, such as antiviral or antibacterial drugs and vaccines.

Coronaviruses

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Author : M. Lai
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Coronaviruses written by M. Lai and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

Coronaviruses have emerged during the past ten years from being a group of viruses causing a variety of minor veterinary and human diseases to a major virus group of both clinical significance and molecular biological interest. Against this background, two international coronavirus symposia were held in 1980 and 1983. In recent years, the pace of coronavirus research has been quickened even more by infusion of recombinant DNA technology and establishment of various animal model systems to study the pathogenesis and immunology of coronavirus infections. We therefore organized the Third International Coronavirus Symposium held at Asilomar, California in September 1986, which was attended by more than 120 participants representing a cross section of both academia and industry. This symposium provided an exciting and stimulating forum for assessing the progress made since the last triennial symposium in Netherlands and to suggest the directions for future efforts. This volume collects the scientific papers presented in this symposium. Three loosely defined areas, Molecular biology, Virus-Cell Interaction and Viral Pathogenesis, are separated. These papers very nicely summarize the current status of coronavirus research. They contain a large amount of sequence data, including the complete sequence of a 27 Kb coronavirus genome, a novel mechanism of mRNA synthesis that is unique to coronviruses, and many exciting aspects of coronavirus pathogenesis and immunology. Reflecting the growing interest in the preparation of vaccines, several papers also address the issues related to coronavirus vaccines, which is an area new to this symposium. Dr.

Novel Production System For Influenza A Virus Derived Defective Interfering Particles And Analysis Of Antiviral Activity

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Author : Prerna Arora
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Novel Production System For Influenza A Virus Derived Defective Interfering Particles And Analysis Of Antiviral Activity written by Prerna Arora and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

Influenza A virus (IAV) increases morbidity and mortality rates and novel antivirals are needed to combat the virus. Errors of the viral polymerase lead to the generation of defective RNAs. These DI-RNAs may interfere with wild-type (wt) IAV infection and may be packaged into defective interfering particles (DIPs), which exhibit antiviral activity. DIPs inhibit IAV infection by competing with wt IAV for cellular and viral resources required for genome replication (replication interference) and by inducing interferon (IFN). DI-244 is a prototypic DI-RNA derived from IAV genomic segment 1 tha...

Molecular Biological Characterization Of Defective Interfering Particles Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus

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Author : Woo-Young Choi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997

Molecular Biological Characterization Of Defective Interfering Particles Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus written by Woo-Young Choi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Stomatitis categories.

Current Topics In Microbiology And Immunology

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Author : W. Arber
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Current Topics In Microbiology And Immunology written by W. Arber and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

Homologous And Heterologous Virus Induced Interference

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Author : Michael Varian Doyle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973

Homologous And Heterologous Virus Induced Interference written by Michael Varian Doyle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Interferon categories.

A System For Production Of Pure Influenza A Virus Defective Interfering Particles Dips And Assessment Of Their Antiviral Activity

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Author : Najat Khodor Bdeir
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

A System For Production Of Pure Influenza A Virus Defective Interfering Particles Dips And Assessment Of Their Antiviral Activity written by Najat Khodor Bdeir and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

Influenza A virus (IAV) epidemics and pandemics constitute a major threat to human health.The ability of IAV to rapidly acquire mutations can render antivirals and vaccines ineffective andnovel antiviral strategies are urgently needed. IAV particles harbor eight genomic RNA segmentsand defective interfering RNAs (DI RNAs) are naturally occurring byproducts of viral genomereplication. These RNAs interfere with replication of the WT RNAs and, upon packaging intodefective interfering particles (DIPs), can inhibit spread of WT IAV. It has been postulated thatDIPs interfere with IAV infection by...

A System For Production Of Pure Influenza A Virus Defective Interfering Particles Dips And Assessment Of Their Antiviral Activity

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Author : Najat Bdeir
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

A System For Production Of Pure Influenza A Virus Defective Interfering Particles Dips And Assessment Of Their Antiviral Activity written by Najat Bdeir and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

Comprehensive Virology

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Author : Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Comprehensive Virology written by Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

The time seems ripe for a critical compendium of that segment of the biological universe we call viruses. Virology, as a science, having passed only recently through its descriptive phase of naming and num bering, has probably reached that stage at which relatively few new truly new-viruses will be discovered. Triggered by the intellectual probes and techniques of molecular biology, genetics, biochemical cytology, and high resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the field has experienced a genuine information explosion. Few serious attempts have been made to chronicle these events. This comprehensive series, which will comprise some 6000 pages in a total of about 18 volumes, represents a commitment by a large group of active investigators to analyze, digest, and expostulate on the great mass of data relating to viruses, much of which is now amorphous and disjointed, and scattered throughout a wide literature. In this way, we hope to place the entire field in perspective, and to develop an invalua ble reference and sourcebook for researchers and students at all levels. This series is designed as a continuum that can be entered anywhere, but which also provides a logical progression of developing facts and integrated concepts.

Defective Interfering Particles And Viral Interference

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