Dendritic Spines From Shape To Function

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Dendritic Spines From Shape To Function

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Author : Nicolas Heck
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-02-03

Dendritic Spines From Shape To Function written by Nicolas Heck and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-03 with Cerebral cortex categories.

One fundamental requisite for a comprehensive view on brain function and cognition is the understanding of the neuronal network activity of the brain. Neurons are organized into complex networks, interconnected through synapses. The main sites for excitatory synapses in the brain are thin protrusions called dendritic spines that emerge from dendrites. Dendritic spines have a distinct morphology with a specific molecular organization. They are considered as subcellular compartments that constrain diffusion and influence signal processing by the neuron and, hence, spines are functional integrative units for which morphology and function are tightly coupled. The density of spines along the dendrite reflects the levels of connectivity within the neuronal network. Furthermore, the relevance of studying dendritic spines is emphasized by the observation that their morphology changes with synaptic plasticity and is altered in many psychiatric disorders. The present Research Topic deals with some of the most recent findings concerning dendritic spine structure and function, showing that, in order to understand how brain neuronal activity operates, these two factors should be regarded as being intrinsically linked.

Dendritic Spines From Biophysics To Neuropathology

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Author : Menahem Segal
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-03-26

Dendritic Spines From Biophysics To Neuropathology written by Menahem Segal and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-26 with Science categories.

Drebrin

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Author : Tomoaki Shirao
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-08-31

Drebrin written by Tomoaki Shirao and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-31 with Medical categories.

This book is the first comprehensive review of drebrin, which plays pivotal roles in various cellular events, via forming unique actin cytoskeletons, including synapse formation and in synaptic function. Particularly the loss of drebrin from dendritic spines is used as a marker of dementia in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Since drebrin was first identified by our group in 1985, many studies of drebrin have been done in various fields, including not only molecular biology, biophysics, cell biology, neuroscience, clinical studies, spermatogenesis, immunology, and cancer metastasis, but others as well. The structure of this book facilitates the understanding of the whole picture of studies on drebrin. The volume begins with a general introduction to drebrin, and then the chapters in the second part provide the basic knowledge for further understanding. The third part examines its function in the nervous system, and the fourth part discusses its function in the non-nervous system. This work will appeal to researchers who are interested in cytoskeletal dynamics at membrane-cytoskeletal interface as well as the number of them who use drebrin as a tool, such as a marker of synaptic function or a disease marker. This volume is kept as concise as possible in order to be understood by readers in diverse scientific disciplines.

Dendritic Spines

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Author : Alberto A. Rasia-Filho
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-11-14

Dendritic Spines written by Alberto A. Rasia-Filho and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-14 with Science categories.

This reference provides detailed coverage of dendritic spines, the fascinating neuronal components that modulate synaptic transmission, development, strength, and plasticity and are involved in the function of multiple areas of the nervous system. The density, shape, and function of spines may indicate the cellular connectivity and synaptic plasticity in normal and pathological conditions. This field has undergone dramatic advances in terms of techniques and experimental findings from in vitro to in vivo data, from animal models to human neurons, and computational models using artificial intelligence. To address these cutting-edge findings, the book provides state-of-the-art, comprehensive coverage with chapters written by the leading international researchers in the field. The authors consider the multiple implications for the study of dendritic spines with broad implications in the neurosciences and related areas.

Frontiers In Synaptic Plasticity Dendritic Spines Circuitries And Behavior

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Author : Alberto A. Rasia-Filho
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-09-22

Frontiers In Synaptic Plasticity Dendritic Spines Circuitries And Behavior written by Alberto A. Rasia-Filho and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-22 with Medicine (General) categories.

The term “synaptic plasticity” is a broad concept, which is studied with a variety of experimental approaches. One focus is the impact of changes in synaptic, neuronal and glial morphology on brain circuitry and behavior. In this regard, unique animal models have been key to the study of affective and social behaviors and neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, there is a paucity of compilations directed toward the correlation of alterations in synaptic structure with various physiological and behavioral paradigms. This Frontiers Research Topic will, therefore, serve as an exciting forum for the exchange of novel hypotheses and data and an important resource and reference for investigators studying synaptic and brain plasticity, as well as those in related fields.

Dendritic Spines

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Author : Rafael Yuste
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2023-08-22

Dendritic Spines written by Rafael Yuste and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-22 with Psychology categories.

A leading neurobiologist explores the fundamental function of dendritic spines in neural circuits by analyzing different aspects of their biology, including structure, development, motility, and plasticity. Most neurons in the brain are covered by dendritic spines, small protrusions that arise from dendrites, covering them like leaves on a tree. But a hundred and twenty years after spines were first described by Ramón y Cajal, their function is still unclear. Dozens of different functions have been proposed, from Cajal's idea that they enhance neuronal interconnectivity to hypotheses that spines serve as plasticity machines, neuroprotective devices, or even digital logic elements. In Dendritic Spines, leading neurobiologist Rafael Yuste attempts to solve the “spine problem,” searching for the fundamental function of spines. He does this by examining many aspects of spine biology that have fascinated him over the years, including their structure, development, motility, plasticity, biophysical properties, and calcium compartmentalization. Yuste argues that we may never understand how the brain works without understanding the specific function of spines. In this book, he offers a synthesis of the information that has been gathered on spines (much of which comes from his own studies of the mammalian cortex), linking their function with the computational logic of the neuronal circuits that use them. He argues that once viewed from the circuit perspective, all the pieces of the spine puzzle fit together nicely into a single, overarching function. Yuste connects these two topics, integrating current knowledge of spines with that of key features of the circuits in which they operate. He concludes with a speculative chapter on the computational function of spines, searching for the ultimate logic of their existence in the brain and offering a proposal that is sure to stimulate discussions and drive future research.

Bio Inspired Physiological Signal S And Medical Image S Neural Processing Systems Based On Deep Learning And Mathematical Modeling For Implementing Bio Engineering Applications In Medical And Industrial Fields

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Author : Francesco Rundo
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-12-31

Bio Inspired Physiological Signal S And Medical Image S Neural Processing Systems Based On Deep Learning And Mathematical Modeling For Implementing Bio Engineering Applications In Medical And Industrial Fields written by Francesco Rundo and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-31 with Medical categories.

The Theoretical Foundation Of Dendritic Function

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Author : Wilfrid Rall
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1995

The Theoretical Foundation Of Dendritic Function written by Wilfrid Rall and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Medical categories.

This collection of fifteen previously published papers, some of them not widely available, have been carefully chosen and annotated by Rall's colleagues and other leading neuroscientists.

Neurosteroids

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Author : Hubert Vaudry
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :

Neurosteroids written by Hubert Vaudry and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

Thirty years ago, the group of Baulieu and colleagues discovered that certain steroid hormones were present in higher amounts in the brain than in the plasma, and also found that suppression of circulating steroids by adrenalectomy and castration did not affect the concentration of pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and their sulfate esters in the rat brain. These seminal observations led to the concept that the brain, in very much the same way as the adrenal cortex, testis, ovary and placenta, was capable of synthesizing steroids. These brain born steroids, called neurosteroids, have been found to exert a vast array of biological activities. A number of steroidogenic enzymes have now been identified in the central nervous system by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, and the neuronal and hormonal mechanisms regulating the biosynthesis of neurosteroids have been partially elucidated. The aim of this Research Topic is to celebrate three decades of research on neurosteroids by gathering a bouquet of review papers and original articles from leading scientists in the flourishing field of neurosteroids.

Neural Circuit Development And Function In The Healthy And Diseased Brain

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-05-06

Neural Circuit Development And Function In The Healthy And Diseased Brain written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-06 with Science categories.

The genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of neural development are essential for understanding evolution and disorders of neural systems. Recent advances in genetic, molecular, and cell biological methods have generated a massive increase in new information, but there is a paucity of comprehensive and up-to-date syntheses, references, and historical perspectives on this important subject. The Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series is designed to fill this gap, offering the most thorough coverage of this field on the market today and addressing all aspects of how the nervous system and its components develop. Particular attention is paid to the effects of abnormal development and on new psychiatric/neurological treatments being developed based on our increased understanding of developmental mechanisms. Each volume in the series consists of review style articles that average 15-20pp and feature numerous illustrations and full references. Volume 3 offers 40 high level articles devoted mainly to anatomical and functional development of neural circuits and neural systems, as well as those that address neurodevelopmental disorders in humans and experimental organisms. - Series offers 144 articles for 2904 full color pages addressing ways in which the nervous system and its components develop - Features leading experts in various subfields as Section Editors and article Authors - All articles peer reviewed by Section Editors to ensure accuracy, thoroughness, and scholarship - Volume 3 sections include coverage of: mechanisms that control the assembly of neural circuits in specific regions of the nervous system, multiple aspects of cognitive development, and disorders of the nervous system arising through defects in neural development