Dynamical Scattering Of X Rays In Crystals
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Dynamical Scattering Of X Rays In Crystals
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Author : Z.G. Pinsker
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1978-04
Dynamical Scattering Of X Rays In Crystals written by Z.G. Pinsker and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978-04 with Science categories.
(Historical Survey) The discovery of X-ray diffraction in crystals by LAUE, FRIDRICH and KNIPPING in 1912 [1.1] served as the starting pOint for the development of scientific research along a number of important lines. We shall discuss just a few of them. The above discovery convincingly demonstrated the wave properties of X-rays. This, together with the previously established electromagnetic nature of radiation, confirmed the hypothesis that X-rays form the short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Further, this discovery was the first and decisive experimental proof of the periodic structure of crystals. In fact, theoretical crystallography had already arrived at this conclusion, mainly as an outcome of the theory of the space groups of symmetry elaborated by FEDOROV [1.2] and SCHOENFLIES [1.3]. From the optics of visible light we know that the radiation of a wave length of the same order as, and preferably less than, the period of a grat ing suffers diffraction on periodic objects of the type of optical grating. Thus, the discovery proved that the wavelength of an X-ray must be of the order of interatomic distances. It became clear why the visible light of wavelengths exceeding the crystal lattice periods by about 500 to 1000 times failed to reveal the periodic structure of crystals in diffraction experi ments.
X Ray And Neutron Dynamical Diffraction
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Author : André Authier
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
X Ray And Neutron Dynamical Diffraction written by André Authier and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This volume collects the proceedings of the 23rd International Course of Crystallography, entitled "X-ray and Neutron Dynamical Diffraction, Theory and Applications," which took place in the fascinating setting of Erice in Sicily, Italy. It was run as a NATO Advanced Studies Institute with A. Authier (France) and S. Lagomarsino (Italy) as codirectors, and L. Riva di Sanseverino and P. Spadon (Italy) as local organizers, R. Colella (USA) and B. K. Tanner (UK) being the two other members of the organizing committee. It was attended by about one hundred participants from twenty four different countries. Two basic theories may be used to describe the diffraction of radiation by crystalline matter. The first one, the so-called geometrical, or kinematical theory, is approximate and is applicable to small, highly imperfect crystals. It is used for the determination of crystal structures and describes the diffraction of powders and polycrystalline materials. The other one, the so-called dynamical theory, is applicable to perfect or nearly perfect crystals. For that reason, dynamical diffraction of X-rays and neutrons constitutes the theoretical basis of a great variety of applications such as: • the techniques used for the characterization of nearly perfect high technology materials, semiconductors, piezoelectric, electrooptic, ferroelectric, magnetic crystals, • the X-ray optical devices used in all modem applications of Synchrotron Radiation (EXAFS, High Resolution X-ray Diffractometry, magnetic and nuclear resonant scattering, topography, etc. ), and • X-ray and neutron interferometry.
Dynamical Theory Of X Ray Diffraction
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Author : André Authier
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2004
Dynamical Theory Of X Ray Diffraction written by André Authier and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.
Publisher Description
X Ray Diffraction
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Author : A. Guinier
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2013-01-17
X Ray Diffraction written by A. Guinier and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-17 with Science categories.
Exploration of fundamentals of x-ray diffraction theory using Fourier transforms applies general results to various atomic structures, amorphous bodies, crystals, and imperfect crystals. 154 illustrations. 1963 edition.
X Ray And Neutron Diffraction In Nonideal Crystals
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Author : Mikhail A. Krivoglaz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
X Ray And Neutron Diffraction In Nonideal Crystals written by Mikhail A. Krivoglaz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Mikhail Alexandrovich Krivoglaz died unexpectedly when he was preparing the English edition of his two-volume monograph on diffraction and diffuse scatter ing of X-rays and neutrons in imperfect crystals. His death was a heavy blow to all who knew him, who had worked with him and to the world science community as a whole. The application of the diffraction techniques for the study of imperfections of crystal structures was the major field of Krivoglaz' work throughout his career in science. He started working in the field in the mid-fifties and since then made fundamental contributions to the theory of real crystals. His results have largely determined the current level of knowledge in this field for more than thirty years. Until the very last days of his life, Krivoglaz continued active studies in the physics of diffraction effects in real crystals. His interest in the theory aided in the explanation of the rapidly advancing experimental studies. The milestones marking important stages of his work were the first mono graph on the theory of X-ray and neutron scattering in real crystals which was published in Russian in 1967 (a revised English edition in 1969), and the two volume monograph published in Russian in 1983-84 (this edition is the revised translation of the latter).
X Ray Optics
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Author : Arthur James Cochran Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1949
X Ray Optics written by Arthur James Cochran Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1949 with Crystallography categories.
Advances In Structure Research By Diffraction Methods
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Author : R. Brill
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Advances In Structure Research By Diffraction Methods written by R. Brill and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Advances in Structure Research by Diffraction Methods reviews advances in the use of diffraction methods in structure research. Topics covered include the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction, with emphasis on Ewald waves in theory and experiment; dynamical theory of electron diffraction; small angle scattering; and molecular packing. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with an overview of the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction, especially in terms of how it explains all the absorption and propagation properties of X-rays at the Bragg setting in a perfect crystal. The next chapter describes the dynamical theory of electron diffraction, paying particular attention to unconventional structure analysis in connection with the problems of absorption. The most important features of the background of small angle analysis are then examined, and some examples showing the direct analysis of small angle scattering (sometimes in combination with wide angle scattering) are provided. The last chapter deals with crystals built from molecules and their peculiar geometrical features. The principle of close packing of molecules in an organic crystal is also described, along with lattice dynamics, hydrogen bonds in crystals, and the rotational crystalline state. This monograph will be a useful resource for practitioners and researchers in physics and crystallography.
High Energy X Ray Diffraction On Ultrasound Excited Crystals
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Author : Maik Kaiser
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2005
High Energy X Ray Diffraction On Ultrasound Excited Crystals written by Maik Kaiser and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Ultrasound categories.
Multiple Diffraction Of X Rays In Crystals
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Author : Shih-Lin In-Hang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Multiple Diffraction Of X Rays In Crystals written by Shih-Lin In-Hang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms and molecules in crystals and the comparable magnitude of x-ray wavelengths and interatomic distances make it possible for crystals to have more than one set of atomic planes that satisfy Bragg's law and simultaneously diffract an incident x-ray beam - this is the so-called multiple diffraction. This type of diffraction should, in prin ciple, reflect three-dimensional information about the structure of the dif fracting material. Recent progress in understanding this diffraction phenome non and in utilizing this diffraction technique in solid-state and materials sciences reveals the diversity as well as the importance of multiple diffraction of x-rays in application. Unfortunately, there has been no single book written that gives a sys tematic review of this type of diffraction, encompasses its diverse applica tions, and foresees future trends gf development. It is for this purpose that this book is designed. It is hoped that its appearance may possibly turn more attention of condensed-matter physicists, chemists and material scientists toward this particular phenomenon, and that new methods of non-destructive analysis of matter using this diffraction technique may be developed in the future.
Characterization Of Crystal Growth Defects By X Ray Methods
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Author : B.K. Tanner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
Characterization Of Crystal Growth Defects By X Ray Methods written by B.K. Tanner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Science categories.
This book contains the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled "Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X-ray Methods' held in the University of Durham, England from 29th August to 10th September 1979. The current interest in electronic materials, in particular silicon, gallium aluminium arsenide, and quartz, and the recent availability of synchrotron radiation for X-ray diffraction studies made this Advanced Study Institute particularly timely. Two main themes ran through the course: 1. A survey of the various types of defect occurring in crystal growth, the mechanism of their different methods of generation and their influence on the properties of relativelY perfect crystals. 2. A detailed and advanced course on the observation and characterization of such defects by X-ray methods. The main emphasis was on X-ray topographic techniques but a substantial amount of time was spent on goniometric techniques such as double crystal diffractometry and gamma ray diffraction. The presentation of material in this book reflects these twin themes. Section A is concerned with defects, Section C with techniques and in linking them. Section B provides a concise account of the basic theory necessary for the interpretation of X-ray topographs and diffractometric data. Although the sequence follows roughly the order of presentation at the Advanced Study Institute certain major changes have been made in order to improve the pedagogy. In particular, the first two chapters provide a vital, and seldom articulated, case for the need for characterization for crystals used in device technologies.