Estimating The Health Effects Of Air Pollutants
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Estimating The Health Effects Of Air Pollutants
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Author : Bart D. Ostro
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1994
Estimating The Health Effects Of Air Pollutants written by Bart D. Ostro and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Air categories.
How does one assess the health benefits of air pollution control? Does response functions applied to data on Jakarta reveal that air quality improvements will reduce illness, premature death, and learning disabilities in children. Lead and respirable particles are the most important problems.
Estimating The Public Health Benefits Of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2002-10-30
Estimating The Public Health Benefits Of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-10-30 with Medical categories.
EPA estimates that thousands of premature deaths and cases of illnesses may be avoided by reducing air pollution. At the request of Congress, this report reviews the scientific basis of EPA's methods used in estimating the public health benefits from its air pollution regulations.
Monitoring Ambient Air Quality For Health Impact Assessment
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Author : World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
language : en
Publisher: WHO Regional Office Europe
Release Date : 1999
Monitoring Ambient Air Quality For Health Impact Assessment written by World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe and has been published by WHO Regional Office Europe this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Health & Fitness categories.
A guide to the principles and methods of air quality assessment aimed at measuring population exposure to ambient air pollutants and estimating the effects on health. Addressed to policy-makers as well as scientists engaged in air quality monitoring, the book responds to the failure of most monitoring systems to provide data that are useful in estimating and managing threats to health. The need for exposure data on populations at special risk is also addressed. Throughout, emphasis is placed on methods of monitoring and modelling that are cost-effective, targeted, and appropriate to local and national conditions. The report has six chapters. The first introduces WHO activities related to air quality management and explains the need for monitoring systems capable of assessing health impact. The types of information required for health impact assessment are described in chapter two, which outlines several methods of monitoring and modelling that can be used to measure the level and distribution of exposure to air pollutants in populations, identify population groups with high exposure, and estimate adverse effects on health. Chapter three formulates a general concept of air quality assessment, offering advice on principles for designing a monitoring network, interpreting and reporting data, and solving problems with quality assurance. Also included is a comparison of the advantages, disadvantages, and costs of different methods for air quality monitoring. Against this background, the fourth and most extensive chapter describes specific methods for the monitoring of carbon monoxide, ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, lead, and atmospheric cadmium. Monitoring strategies for each pollutant are presented according to a standard format, which covers health effects, sources and exposure patterns, monitoring methods, recommended strategies for monitoring and assessment, and a practical example. The remaining chapters offer advice on the collation, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data, and summarize the main conclusions and recommendations of the report. Detailed technical guidelines for the use of various methods and models are provided in a series of annexes. The report also reproduces the newly revised WHO air quality guidelines for Europe.
Critical Review Of Estimating Benefits Of Air And Water Pollution Control
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Critical Review Of Estimating Benefits Of Air And Water Pollution Control written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Air categories.
The Impact Of Air Pollution On Health Economy Environment And Agricultural Sources
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Author : Mohamed Khallaf
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2011-09-26
The Impact Of Air Pollution On Health Economy Environment And Agricultural Sources written by Mohamed Khallaf and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-26 with Science categories.
This book aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with Air Pollution. The book consists of 21 chapters dealing with Air Pollution and its effects in the fields of Health, Environment, Economy and Agricultural Sources. It is divided into four sections. The first one deals with effect of air pollution on health and human body organs. The second section includes the Impact of air pollution on plants and agricultural sources and methods of resistance. The third section includes environmental changes, geographic and climatic conditions due to air pollution. The fourth section includes case studies concerning of the impact of air pollution in the economy and development goals, such as, indoor air pollution in México, indoor air pollution and millennium development goals in Bangladesh, epidemiologic and economic impact of natural gas on indoor air pollution in Colombia and economic growth and air pollution in Iran during development programs. In this book the authors explain the definition of air pollution, the most important pollutants and their different sources and effects on humans and various fields of life. The authors offer different solutions to the problems resulting from air pollution.
Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction And Economic Benefits From Controlling Ozone Air Pollution
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2008-08-21
Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction And Economic Benefits From Controlling Ozone Air Pollution written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-21 with Nature categories.
In light of recent evidence on the relationship of ozone to mortality and questions about its implications for benefit analysis, the Environmental Protection Agency asked the National Research Council to establish a committee of experts to evaluate independently the contributions of recent epidemiologic studies to understanding the size of the ozone-mortality effect in the context of benefit analysis. The committee was also asked to assess methods for estimating how much a reduction in short-term exposure to ozone would reduce premature deaths, to assess methods for estimating associated increases in life expectancy, and to assess methods for estimating the monetary value of the reduced risk of premature death and increased life expectancy in the context of health-benefits analysis. Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution details the committee's findings and posits several recommendations to address these issues.
Short Term Health Effects Of Air Pollution
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Author : Naihua Duan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Short Term Health Effects Of Air Pollution written by Naihua Duan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Science categories.
This report documents the findings of a study on the health effects of air pollution. The data on which the study is based were collected in Dayton, Ohio, in the Health Insurance Experiment conducted by RAND for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The authors applied the Whittemore-Korn individual time series analysis to a general population dataset and found it to be a promising method for measuring the short-term health effects of air pollution. The results consistently identify sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide as having significant adverse health effects.
Statistical Methods For Environmental Epidemiology With R
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Author : Roger D. Peng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-12-15
Statistical Methods For Environmental Epidemiology With R written by Roger D. Peng and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-15 with Medical categories.
As an area of statistical application, environmental epidemiology and more speci cally, the estimation of health risk associated with the exposure to - vironmental agents, has led to the development of several statistical methods and software that can then be applied to other scienti c areas. The stat- tical analyses aimed at addressing questions in environmental epidemiology have the following characteristics. Often the signal-to-noise ratio in the data is low and the targets of inference are inherently small risks. These constraints typically lead to the development and use of more sophisticated (and pot- tially less transparent) statistical models and the integration of large hi- dimensional databases. New technologies and the widespread availability of powerful computing are also adding to the complexities of scienti c inves- gation by allowing researchers to t large numbers of models and search over many sets of variables. As the number of variables measured increases, so do the degrees of freedom for in uencing the association between a risk factor and an outcome of interest. We have written this book, in part, to describe our experiences developing and applying statistical methods for the estimation for air pollution health e ects. Our experience has convinced us that the application of modern s- tistical methodology in a reproducible manner can bring to bear subst- tial bene ts to policy-makers and scientists in this area. We believe that the methods described in this book are applicable to other areas of environmental epidemiology, particularly those areas involving spatial{temporal exposures.
Air Pollution The Automobile And Public Health
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Author : Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1988-01-01
Air Pollution The Automobile And Public Health written by Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-01-01 with Science categories.
"The combination of scientific and institutional integrity represented by this book is unusual. It should be a model for future endeavors to help quantify environmental risk as a basis for good decisionmaking." â€"William D. Ruckelshaus, from the foreword. This volume, prepared under the auspices of the Health Effects Institute, an independent research organization created and funded jointly by the Environmental Protection Agency and the automobile industry, brings together experts on atmospheric exposure and on the biological effects of toxic substances to examine what is knownâ€"and not knownâ€"about the human health risks of automotive emissions.
Methods Development For Assessing Air Pollution Control Benefits
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Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Health and Ecological Effects
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Methods Development For Assessing Air Pollution Control Benefits written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Health and Ecological Effects and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.