Evaluating Gene Flow Gene Expression Divergence And Hybrid Expression In Drosophila Sister Species
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Evaluating Gene Flow Gene Expression Divergence And Hybrid Expression In Drosophila Sister Species
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Author : Danielle Kay Herrig
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Evaluating Gene Flow Gene Expression Divergence And Hybrid Expression In Drosophila Sister Species written by Danielle Kay Herrig and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Drosophila categories.
A primary goal of evolutionary biology is to elucidate the factors necessary for a single interbreeding species to become two independent species. Observations and data collected and recorded since the 6th century B.C. have added to our comprehension of the "the origin of species--that mystery of mysteries" (DARWIN 1859). To continue to add to our knowledge of how speciation occurs and how species interact, it is crucial to determine 1) how different categories of genes evolve as species diverge, 2) what happens to hybrids of two species, and 3) if genetic exchange is allowed between species, where it is located. In the first research aim of my dissertation, I look for population genetic trends and signatures of gene flow in a minimally studied set of Drosophila sister species using sequences of 26 nuclear and mitochondrial regions in 29 isofemale lines of D. subobscura and D. madierensis. Standard population genetic tests revealed that the X chromosome evolves faster than the autosomes in these species. We also find evidence of genetic exchange for some autosomal genes while both the sex chromosomes and mitochondrial genomes remain distinct between species. In the second research aim of my dissertation, I assess the rates of gene expression evolution for sex-biased genes located on the X chromosome and autosomes. We find that gene expression evolves faster in males than females and find evidence of faster-X evolution that is exclusive to genes expressed at higher levels in males. The X chromosome has previously been shown to have a disproportionately large influence on hybrid male sterility compared to autosomes. I investigate this trend and find that the sex chromosomes have a large influence on autosomal expression levels in hybrid males and hybrid females. Specifically, uniparental inheritance of the X chromosome results in greater differences between reciprocal hybrids and higher levels of hybrid misexpression.
Genetics Of Speciation
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Author : David L. Jameson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Genetics Of Speciation written by David L. Jameson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Evolution categories.
The nature of populations, races, subspecies, and species. Genetic basis of isolation. Origin of isolation - theoretical. Origin of isolation - experimental. The nature of the speciation process.
Ecological Genomics
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Author : Christian R. Landry
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-25
Ecological Genomics written by Christian R. Landry and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-25 with Science categories.
Researchers in the field of ecological genomics aim to determine how a genome or a population of genomes interacts with its environment across ecological and evolutionary timescales. Ecological genomics is trans-disciplinary by nature. Ecologists have turned to genomics to be able to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the biodiversity their research tries to understand. Genomicists have turned to ecology in order to better explain the functional cellular and molecular variation they observed in their model organisms. We provide an advanced-level book that covers this recent research and proposes future development for this field. A synthesis of the field of ecological genomics emerges from this volume. Ecological Genomics covers a wide array of organisms (microbes, plants and animals) in order to be able to identify central concepts that motivate and derive from recent investigations in different branches of the tree of life. Ecological Genomics covers 3 fields of research that have most benefited from the recent technological and conceptual developments in the field of ecological genomics: the study of life-history evolution and its impact of genome architectures; the study of the genomic bases of phenotypic plasticity and the study of the genomic bases of adaptation and speciation.
Bird Species
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Author : Dieter Thomas Tietze
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-19
Bird Species written by Dieter Thomas Tietze and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-19 with Science categories.
The average person can name more bird species than they think, but do we really know what a bird “species” is? This open access book takes up several fascinating aspects of bird life to elucidate this basic concept in biology. From genetic and physiological basics to the phenomena of bird song and bird migration, it analyzes various interactions of birds – with their environment and other birds. Lastly, it shows imminent threats to birds in the Anthropocene, the era of global human impact. Although it seemed to be easy to define bird species, the advent of modern methods has challenged species definition and led to a multidisciplinary approach to classifying birds. One outstanding new toolbox comes with the more and more reasonably priced acquisition of whole-genome sequences that allow causative analyses of how bird species diversify. Speciation has reached a final stage when daughter species are reproductively isolated, but this stage is not easily detectable from the phenotype we observe. Culturally transmitted traits such as bird song seem to speed up speciation processes, while another behavioral trait, migration, helps birds to find food resources, and also coincides with higher chances of reaching new, inhabitable areas. In general, distribution is a major key to understanding speciation in birds. Examples of ecological speciation can be found in birds, and the constant interaction of birds with their biotic environment also contributes to evolutionary changes. In the Anthropocene, birds are confronted with rapid changes that are highly threatening for some species. Climate change forces birds to move their ranges, but may also disrupt well-established interactions between climate, vegetation, and food sources. This book brings together various disciplines involved in observing bird species come into existence, modify, and vanish. It is a rich resource for bird enthusiasts who want to understand various processes at the cutting edge of current research in more detail. At the same time it offers students the opportunity to see primarily unconnected, but booming big-data approaches such as genomics and biogeography meet in a topic of broad interest. Lastly, the book enables conservationists to better understand the uncertainties surrounding “species” as entities of protection.
Structural Approaches To Sequence Evolution
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Author : Ugo Bastolla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-26
Structural Approaches To Sequence Evolution written by Ugo Bastolla and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-26 with Science categories.
Recent advances in understanding the thermodynamics of macromolecules, the topological properties of gene networks, the organization and mutation capabilities of genomes, and the structure of populations make it possible to incorporate these key elements into a broader and deeply interdisciplinary view of molecular evolution. This book gives an account of such a new approach, through clear tutorial contributions by leading scientists.
Zoological Record
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Zoological Record written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Classification categories.
Epistasis And The Evolutionary Process
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Author : Jason B. Wolf
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2000
Epistasis And The Evolutionary Process written by Jason B. Wolf and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Over the last two decades, research into epistasis has seen explosive growth and has moved the focus of research in evolutionary genetics from a traditional additive approach. We now know the effects of genes are rarely independent, and to reach a fuller understanding of the process of evolution we need to look at gene interactions as well as gene-environment interactions. This book is an overview of non-additive evolutionary genetics, integrating all work to date on all levels of evolutionary investigation of the importance of epistasis in the evolutionary process in general. It includes a historical perspective on this emerging field, in-depth discussion of terminology, discussions of the effects of epistasis at several different levels of biological organization and combinations of theoretical and experimental approaches to analysis.
Cytogenomics Structural Organization And Evolution Of Genomes
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Author : Ricardo Utsunomia
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-07-04
Cytogenomics Structural Organization And Evolution Of Genomes written by Ricardo Utsunomia and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-04 with Science categories.
Ecological Speciation
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Author : Patrik Nosil
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2012-03-15
Ecological Speciation written by Patrik Nosil and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-15 with Science categories.
The origin of biological diversity, via the formation of new species, can be inextricably linked to adaptation to the ecological environment. Specifically, ecological processes are central to the formation of new species when barriers to gene flow (reproductive isolation) evolve between populations as a result of ecologically-based divergent natural selection. This process of 'ecological speciation' has seen a large body of particularly focused research in the last 10-15 years, and a review and synthesis of the theoretical and empirical literature is now timely. The book begins by clarifying what ecological speciation is, its alternatives, and the predictions that can be used to test for it. It then reviews the three components of ecological speciation and discusses the geography and genomic basis of the process. A final chapter highlights future research directions, describing the approaches and experiments which might be used to conduct that future work. The ecological and genetic literature is integrated throughout the text with the goal of shedding new insight into the speciation process, particularly when the empirical data is then further integrated with theory.
The Dynamic Genome
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Author : Antonio Fontdevila
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-06-02
The Dynamic Genome written by Antonio Fontdevila and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-02 with Science categories.
These novelties, among others, are examined in this book in relation to their general significance for evolution, emphasising their human relevance.