Farm Subsidies And Global Agricultural Productivity
DOWNLOAD
Download Farm Subsidies And Global Agricultural Productivity PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Farm Subsidies And Global Agricultural Productivity book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Farm Subsidies And Global Agricultural Productivity
DOWNLOAD
Author : Mamun, Abdullah
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2024-04-03
Farm Subsidies And Global Agricultural Productivity written by Mamun, Abdullah and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-03 with Political Science categories.
The agriculture sector receives substantial fiscal subsidies in various forms, including through programs that are linked to production and others that are decoupled. As the sector has reached the technology frontier in production over the last three decades or so, particularly in high- and middle-income countries, it is intriguing to investigate the impact of subsidies on productivity at aggregate level. This study examines the impact of subsidies on productivity growth in agriculture globally using a long time series on the nominal rate of assistance for 42 countries that covers over 80 percent of agricultural production. The econometric results show heterogenous effects from various subsidy instruments depending on the choice of productivity measure. Regression results suggest a strong positive effect of input subsidies on both output growth and labor productivity. A positive but relatively small impact of output subsidies is found on output growth only. Subsidies that are mostly decoupled reveal no significant impact on any of the productivity measures.
Agricultural Subsidies In The Wto Green Box
DOWNLOAD
Author : Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-12-03
Agricultural Subsidies In The Wto Green Box written by Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-03 with Law categories.
Do the World Trade Organization's rules on 'green box' farm subsidies allow both rich and poor countries to achieve important goals such as food security, or do they worsen poverty, distort trade and harm the environment? Current WTO requirements set no ceiling on the amount of green box subsidies that governments can provide, on the basis that these payments cause only minimal trade distortion. Governments are thus increasingly shifting their subsidy spending into this category, as they come under pressure to reduce subsidies that are more directly linked to production. However, growing evidence nonetheless suggests that green box payments can affect production and trade, harm farmers in developing countries and cause environmental damage. By bringing together new research and critical thinking, this book examines the relationship between green box subsidies and the achievement of sustainable development goals, and explores options for future reform.
Modeling The Impacts Of Agricultural Support Policies On Emissions From Agriculturmodeling The Impacts Of Agricultural Support Policies On Emissions From Agriculture
DOWNLOAD
Author : Laborde Debucquet, David
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2020-07-24
Modeling The Impacts Of Agricultural Support Policies On Emissions From Agriculturmodeling The Impacts Of Agricultural Support Policies On Emissions From Agriculture written by Laborde Debucquet, David and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-24 with Political Science categories.
To understand the impacts of support programs on global emissions, this paper considers the impacts of domestic subsidies, price distortions at the border, and investments in emission-reducing technologies on global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. In a step towards a full evaluation of the impacts, it uses a counterfactual global model scenario showing how much emissions from agricultural production would change if agricultural support were abolished worldwide. The analysis indicates that, without subsidies paid directly to farmers, output of some emission-intensive activities and agricultural emissions would be smaller. Without agricultural trade protection, however, emissions would be higher. This is partly because protection reduces global demand more than it increases global agricultural supply, and partly because some countries that currently tax agriculture have high emission intensities. Policies that directly reduce emission intensities yield much larger reductions in emissions than those that reduce emission intensities by increasing overall productivity because overall productivity growth creates a rebound effect by reducing product prices and expanding output. A key challenge is designing policy reforms that effectively reduce emissions without jeopardizing other key goals such as improving nutrition and reducing poverty. While the scenario analysis in this paper does not propose any particular policy reform, it does provide an important building block towards a full understanding the impacts of repurposed agricultural support measures on mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to climate change. That full analysis is being undertaken in subsequent work, which will also take account of land-use change and alternative forms of agricultural policy support to align objectives of food security, farmers’ income security, production efficiency and resilience, and environmental protection.
A Billion Dollars A Day
DOWNLOAD
Author : E. Wesley F. Peterson
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-04-27
A Billion Dollars A Day written by E. Wesley F. Peterson and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-27 with Business & Economics categories.
A Billion Dollars a Day “This text provides a good narrative on the economics of government intervention, the structure of the world food system and history of the WTO, and the provision of farm subsidies by developed economies, with a special focus on the U.S. and EU.” P. Lynn Kennedy, Louisiana State University “This extremely well-researched and documented book provides a comprehensive overview of the impact (both intentional and unintentional) that developed nations’ agricultural policies can have on underdeveloped agricultural-based nations.” Jay E. Noel, Cal Poly State University “This text’s discussion and explanation of subsidies is well developed in a historical and international context that is not found elsewhere.” Conrad Lyford, Texas Tech University “Peterson has done a nice job of taking complicated issues and explaining them in a manner that is understandable for students with limited background in policy, development, and trade. This well-written text brings both a U.S. and a world perspective to the timely and important topics of government farm policy and food prices.” Rick Whitacre, Illinois State University Why do Europe, the United States, and some key Asian countries spend, in aggregate, a billion dollars a day on various agricultural price supports, when much of this money ends up in the hands of large agribusiness? In a lively, non-technical, and up-to-date account, this book addresses the core questions that surround the issues of agricultural subsidies. Peterson provides a detailed examination of subsidy histories and the current policies of the United States, various European countries, Australia and New Zealand, and Korea and Japan. Also included is a discussion of how these policies affect developing countries – examining, in particular, their impact on farmers in low-income countries.
Modeling The Impacts Of Agricultural Support Policies On Emissions From Agriculture
DOWNLOAD
Author : David Laborde
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Modeling The Impacts Of Agricultural Support Policies On Emissions From Agriculture written by David Laborde and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
To understand the impacts of support programs on global emissions, this paper considers the impacts of domestic subsidies, price distortions at the border, and investments in emission-reducing technologies on global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. In a step towards a full evaluation of the impacts, it uses a counterfactual global model scenario showing how much emissions from agricultural production would change if agricultural support were abolished worldwide. The analysis indicates that, without subsidies paid directly to farmers, output of some emission-intensive activities and agricultural emissions would be smaller. Without agricultural trade protection, however, emissions would be higher. This is partly because protection reduces global demand more than it increases global agricultural supply, and partly because some countries that currently tax agriculture have high emission intensities. Policies that directly reduce emission intensities yield much larger reductions in emissions than those that reduce emission intensities by increasing overall productivity because overall productivity growth creates a rebound effect by reducing product prices and expanding output. A key challenge is designing policy reforms that effectively reduce emissions without jeopardizing other key goals such as improving nutrition and reducing poverty. This analysis is an important building block towards a full understanding the impacts of reforms to agricultural support on mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to climate change. That full analysis is being undertaken in current work incorporating land use changes and examining the impacts of specific reforms on mitigation, resilience and economic outcomes.
Agricultural Productivity And Producer Behavior
DOWNLOAD
Author : Wolfram Schlenker
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2019-11-13
Agricultural Productivity And Producer Behavior written by Wolfram Schlenker and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Agricultural yields have increased steadily in the last half century, particularly since the Green Revolution. At the same time, inflation-adjusted agricultural commodity prices have been trending downward as increases in supply outpace the growth of demand. Recent severe weather events, biofuel mandates, and a switch toward a more meat-heavy diet in emerging economies have nevertheless boosted commodity prices. Whether this is a temporary jump or the beginning of a longer-term trend is an open question. Agricultural Productivity and Producer Behavior examines the factors contributing to the remarkably steady increase in global yields and assesses whether yield growth can continue. This research also considers whether agricultural productivity growth has been, and will be, associated with significant environmental externalities. Among the topics studied are genetically modified crops; changing climatic factors; farm production responses to government regulations including crop insurance, transport subsidies, and electricity subsidies for groundwater extraction; and the role of specific farm practices such as crop diversification, disease management, and water-saving methods. This research provides new evidence that technological as well as policy choices influence agricultural productivity.
The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture
DOWNLOAD
Author : Virgil Ball
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-07-27
The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture written by Virgil Ball and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the sector remains socially and politically important. Although agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g- erated by climate change, the “greening” of the economy, increasing scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food system by an expanding world population.
The Relative Importance Of Global Agricultural Subsidies And Market Access
DOWNLOAD
Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Relative Importance Of Global Agricultural Subsidies And Market Access written by Kym Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Agricultural subsidies categories.
"The claim by global trade modelers that the potential contribution to global economic welfare of removing agricultural subsidies is less than one-tenth of that from removing agricultural tariffs puzzles many observers. To help explain that result, the authors first compare the OECD and model-based estimates of the extent of the producer distortions (leaving aside consumer distortions), and show that 75 percent of total support is provided by market access barriers when account is taken of all forms of support to farmers and to agricultural processors globally, and only 19 percent to domestic farm subsidies. Then the authors provide a back-of-the-envelope (BOTE) calculation of the welfare cost of those distortions. Assuming unitary supply and demand elasticities, that BOTE analysis suggests 86 percent of the welfare cost is due to tariffs and only 6 percent to domestic farm subsidies. When the higher costs associated with the greater variability of trade measures relative to domestic support are accounted for, the BOTE estimate of the latter's share falls to 4 percent. This is close to the 5 percent generated by the most commonly used global model (GTAP) and reported in the paper's final section. "--World Bank web site.
Agricultural Input Subsidies
DOWNLOAD
Author : Ephraim Chirwa
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2013-09-26
Agricultural Input Subsidies written by Ephraim Chirwa and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book takes forward our understanding of agricultural input subsidies in low income countries.
Distortions To World Trade
DOWNLOAD
Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012
Distortions To World Trade written by Kym Anderson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The authors provide estimates of the impact that removing all merchandise trade distortions (including agricultural subsidies) would have on food and agricultural production, trade, and incomes. Using the latest versions of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and the World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy (projected to 2015), their results suggest farm employment, the real value of agricultural output and exports, the real returns to farm land and unskilled labor, and real net farm incomes would all rise substantially in developing country regions with a move to free merchandise trade, thereby alleviating rural poverty-despite the decline in international terms of trade for developing countries that are net food importers or are enjoying preferential access to agricultural markets of high-income countries.