Genome Enabled Discovery Of Carbon Sequestration Genes In Poplar
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Genome Enabled Discovery Of Carbon Sequestration Genes In Poplar
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Genome Enabled Discovery Of Carbon Sequestration Genes In Poplar written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Plants utilize carbon by partitioning the reduced carbon obtained through photosynthesis into different compartments and into different chemistries within a cell and subsequently allocating such carbon to sink tissues throughout the plant. Since the phytohormones auxin and cytokinin are known to influence sink strength in tissues such as roots (Skoog & Miller 1957, Nordstrom et al. 2004), we hypothesized that altering the expression of genes that regulate auxin-mediated (e.g., AUX/IAA or ARF transcription factors) or cytokinin-mediated (e.g., RR transcription factors) control of root growth and development would impact carbon allocation and partitioning belowground (Fig. 1 - Renewal Proposal). Specifically, the ARF, AUX/IAA and RR transcription factor gene families mediate the effects of the growth regulators auxin and cytokinin on cell expansion, cell division and differentiation into root primordia. Invertases (IVR), whose transcript abundance is enhanced by both auxin and cytokinin, are critical components of carbon movement and therefore of carbon allocation. Thus, we initiated comparative genomic studies to identify the AUX/IAA, ARF, RR and IVR gene families in the Populus genome that could impact carbon allocation and partitioning. Bioinformatics searches using Arabidopsis gene sequences as queries identified regions with high degrees of sequence similarities in the Populus genome. These Populus sequences formed the basis of our transgenic experiments. Transgenic modification of gene expression involving members of these gene families was hypothesized to have profound effects on carbon allocation and partitioning.
Genome Enabled Discovery Of Carbon Sequestration Genes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Genome Enabled Discovery Of Carbon Sequestration Genes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
The fate of carbon below ground is likely to be a major factor determining the success of carbon sequestration strategies involving plants. Despite their importance, molecular processes controlling belowground C allocation and partitioning are poorly understood. This project is leveraging the Populus trichocarpa genome sequence to discover genes important to C sequestration in plants and soils. The focus is on the identification of genes that provide key control points for the flow and chemical transformations of carbon in roots, concentrating on genes that control the synthesis of chemical forms of carbon that result in slower turnover rates of soil organic matter (i.e., increased recalcitrance). We propose to enhance carbon allocation and partitioning to roots by 1) modifying the auxin signaling pathway, and the invertase family, which controls sucrose metabolism, and by 2) increasing root proliferation through transgenesis with genes known to control fine root proliferation (e.g., ANT), 3) increasing the production of recalcitrant C metabolites by identifying genes controlling secondary C metabolism by a major mQTL-based gene discovery effort, and 4) increasing aboveground productivity by enhancing drought tolerance to achieve maximum C sequestration. This broad, integrated approach is aimed at ultimately enhancing root biomass as well as root detritus longevity, providing the best prospects for significant enhancement of belowground C sequestration.
Genome Enabled Modification Of Poplar Root Development For Increased Carbon Sequestration
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Genome Enabled Modification Of Poplar Root Development For Increased Carbon Sequestration written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
DR5 as a reporter system to study auxin response in Populus Plant Cell Reports 32:453-463 Auxin responsive promoter DR5 reporter system is functional in Populus to monitor auxin response in tissues including leaves, roots, and stems. We described the behavior of the DR5::GUS reporter system in stably transformed Populus plants. We found several similarities with Arabidopsis, including sensitivity to native and synthetic auxins, rapid induction after treatment in a variety of tissues, and maximal responses in root tissues. There were also several important differences from Arabidopsis, including slower time to maximum response and lower induction amplitude. Young leaves and stem sections below the apex showed much higher DR5 activity than did older leaves and stems undergoing secondary growth. DR5 activity was highest in cortex, suggesting high levels of auxin concentration and/or sensitivity in this tissue. Our study shows that the DR5 reporter system is a sensitive and facile system for monitoring auxin responses and distribution at cellular resolution in poplar. The Populus AINTEGUMENTA LIKE 1 homeotic transcription factor PtAIL1 controls the formation of adventitious root primordia. Plant Physiol. 160: 1996-2006 Adventitious rooting is an essential but sometimes rate-limiting step in the clonal multiplication of elite tree germplasm, because the ability to form roots declines rapidly with age in mature adult plant tissues. In spite of the importance of adventitious rooting, the mechanism behind this developmental process remains poorly understood. We have described the transcriptional profiles that are associated with the developmental stages of adventitious root formation in the model tree poplar (Populus trichocarpa). Transcriptome analyses indicate a highly specific temporal induction of the AINTEGUMENTA LIKE1 (PtAIL1) transcription factor of the AP2 family during adventitious root formation. Transgenic poplar samples that overexpressed PtAIL1 were able to grow an increased number of adventitious roots, whereas RNA interference mediated the down-expression of PtAIL1 expression, which led to a delay in adventitious root formation. Microarray analysis showed that the expression of 15 genes, including the transcription factors AGAMOUS-Like6 and MYB36, was overexpressed in the stem tissues that generated root primordia in PtAIL1-overexpressing plants, whereas their expression was reduced in the RNA interference lines. These results demonstrate that PtAIL1 is a positive regulator of poplar rooting that acts early in the development of adventitious roots. Genomes. 7: 91-101 Knowledge of the functional relationship between genes and organismal phenotypes in perennial plants is extremely limited. Using a population of 627 independent events, we assessed the feasibility of activation tagging as a forward genetics tool for Populus. Mutant identification after 2 years of field testing was nearly sevenfold (6.5%) higher than in greenhouse studies that employed Arabidopsis and identical transformation vectors. Approximately two thirds of all mutant phenotypes were not seen in vitro and in the greenhouse; they were discovered only after the second year of field assessment. The trees? large size (5-10 m in height), perennial growth, and interactions with the natural environment are factors that are thought to have contributed to the high rate of observable phenotypes in the field. The mutant phenotypes affected a variety of morphological and physiological traits, including leaf size and morphology, crown architecture, stature, vegetative dormancy, and tropic responses. Characterization of the insertion in more than 100 events with and without mutant phenotypes showed that tags predominantly (70%) inserted in a 13-Kbp region up- and downstream of the genes? coding regions with approximately even distribution among the 19 chromosomes. Transcriptional activation was observed in many proximal genes studied. Successful phenotype recapitu ...
Annual Research Report
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Author : University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Annual Research Report written by University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Agriculture categories.
Annual Research Report Of The Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Institute Of Food And Agricultural Sciences University Of Florida Gainesville Florida
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Author : University of Florida. Agricultural Experiment Station
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Annual Research Report Of The Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Institute Of Food And Agricultural Sciences University Of Florida Gainesville Florida written by University of Florida. Agricultural Experiment Station and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Agriculture categories.
Annual Research Report
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Author : University of Florida. College of Engineering
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Annual Research Report written by University of Florida. College of Engineering and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Engineering categories.
Genetics Genomics And Breeding Of Poplar
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Author : C. P. Joshi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-03-29
Genetics Genomics And Breeding Of Poplar written by C. P. Joshi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-29 with Science categories.
Written by researchers representing six countries and 28 institutions, this book highlights the development of the genus Populus as a model organism for tree genomics. Reflecting an impressive depth of coverage, the contributors' thorough reviews and analyses of Populus genomics provide insight into future discoveries about the basic biology of thi
Genomics And Breeding For Climate Resilient Crops
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Author : Chittaranjan Kole
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-18
Genomics And Breeding For Climate Resilient Crops written by Chittaranjan Kole and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-18 with Science categories.
Climate change is expected to have a drastic impact on agronomic conditions including temperature, precipitation, soil nutrients, and the incidence of disease pests, to name a few. To face this looming threat, significant progress in developing new breeding strategies has been made over the last few decades. The second volume of Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops describes various genomic and breeding approaches for the genetic improvement of the major target traits. Topics covered include: flowering time; root traits; cold, heat and drought tolerance; water use efficiency; flooding and submergence tolerance; disease and insect resistance; nutrient use efficiency; nitrogen fixation; carbon sequestration; and greenhouse gas emissions.
Underutilised Crop Genomes
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Author : Mark A. Chapman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-03
Underutilised Crop Genomes written by Mark A. Chapman and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-03 with Science categories.
This book highlights the uses for underutilized crops, presenting the state-of-the-art in terms of genome sequencing for over 30 crops, previously understudied and under-researched. In a changing climate and with significant pressure on the land, it is the ideal time to be discussing novel crops, with significant biotic and abiotic tolerances and/or rich nutrient profiles for consumers. Previously, the only species with sequenced genomes were high-profile internationally recognized crops, but in the current era genomes are being sequenced for dozens of crops, including those previously classified as underutilized, now being investigated. This book covers food crops, from fruits to tubers, and from grasses to legumes, as well as crops with non-food applications. Some of these crops have draft genomes, and others have polished genomes with extensive resequencing panels. Each chapter tells the story of an individual crop or crop group, written by experts, focusing on the genome data available, revealing more about crop domestication and genetic variation, and the current and future prospects given that this data is now becoming available. It also highlights how even small sequencing projects can provide draft genome sequences suitable for gene discovery, comparative genomics, and identification of molecular markers for understanding these crops further.
107 1 Hearings Energy And Water Development Appropriations For 2002 Part 4 2001
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
107 1 Hearings Energy And Water Development Appropriations For 2002 Part 4 2001 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.