Global Aspects In Gravitation And Cosmology
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Global Aspects In Gravitation And Cosmology
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Author : Pankaj S. Joshi
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1994-01-20
Global Aspects In Gravitation And Cosmology written by Pankaj S. Joshi and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-01-20 with categories.
Global aspects in gravitation theory and cosmology are reviewed here to emphasize the basic theme that the very nature of gravitational force is such that global considerations of space-time are vital to understand this force in detail. Amongst the topics included are the structure and topology of space-time, exact solutions and singularities, quantum effects in strong gravity fields, and global upper limits in cosmology. Major open problems of significance are pointed out and the treatment here on the final fate of gravitational collapse shows that very strong-curvature naked singularities could result from the continual collapse of matter. This places important constraints on the formulation of the cosmic censorship hypothesis which is a crucial open question in relativistic astrophysics and the black hole physics. - ;This book reviews in a unified manner global aspects in gravitation theory and cosmology, emphasizing the basic heme that the very nature of the gravitational field is such that global features of space-time inevitably come into play whenever we try to understand and interpret this force in detail. The topics considered here include results on the structure and topology of space-time; exact solutions to Einstein equations and singularities ; gravitational collapse in general relativity, a brief review of the status of quantum gravity; and consideration of quantum effects near space-time singularities in strong curvature fields. Also covered are the global upper limits in cosmology on elementary particle masses which might constitute the dark matter of the universe. After discussing in detail the fundamental role played by global considerations in gravity and general relativity, it is pointed out that significant problems remain: the nature and structure of space-time singularities; the cosmic censorship problem in black hole physics; and the issue of quantum effects in strong gravity fields, an understanding of which appears essential to formulate any quantum theory of gravity. The treatment here of the final fate of gravitational collapse of massive stars shows by means of explicit consideration of several exact scenarios, that powerfully-strong curvature naked singularities could result from the continual gravitational collapse of matter with several reasonable equations of state, including inflowing radiation, dust, or a perfect fluid. This places important constraints on possible formulations of the cosmic censorship hypothesis and the final fate of gravitational collapse, which is a crucial open question in the general theory of relativity and relativistic astrophysics and which is basic to the entire theory and applications of black hole physics. -
The Story Of Collapsing Stars
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Author : Pankaj S. Joshi
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2015
The Story Of Collapsing Stars written by Pankaj S. Joshi and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Nature categories.
This book journeys into one of the most fascinating intellectual adventures of recent decades - understanding and exploring the final fate of massive collapsing stars in the universe. The issue is of great interest in fundamental physics and cosmology today, from both the perspective of gravitation theory and of modern astrophysical observations. This is a revolution in the making and may be intimately connected to our search for a unified understanding of the basic forces of nature, namely gravity that governs the cosmological universe, and the microscopic forces that include quantum phenomena. According to the general theory of relativity, a massive star that collapses catastrophically under its own gravity when it runs out of its internal nuclear fuel must give rise to a space-time singularity. Such singularities are regions in the universe where all physical quantities take their extreme values and become arbitrarily large. The singularities may be covered within a black hole, or visible to faraway observers in the universe. Thus, the final fate of a collapsing massive star is either a black hole or a visible naked singularity. We discuss here recent results and developments on the gravitational collapse of massive stars and possible observational implications when naked singularities happen in the universe. Large collapsing massive stars and the resulting space-time singularities may even provide a laboratory in the cosmos where one could test the unification possibilities of basic forces of nature.
Einstein S Field Equations And Their Physical Implications
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Author : Bernd G. Schmidt
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-01-11
Einstein S Field Equations And Their Physical Implications written by Bernd G. Schmidt and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-11 with Mathematics categories.
This book serves two purposes. The authors present important aspects of modern research on the mathematical structure of Einstein's field equations and they show how to extract their physical content from them by mathematically exact methods. The essays are devoted to exact solutions and to the Cauchy problem of the field equations as well as to post-Newtonian approximations that have direct physical implications. Further topics concern quantum gravity and optics in gravitational fields. The book addresses researchers in relativity and differential geometry but can also be used as additional reading material for graduate students.
Centennial Of General Relativity A Celebration
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Author : Cesar Augusto Zen Vasconcellos
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-02-17
Centennial Of General Relativity A Celebration written by Cesar Augusto Zen Vasconcellos and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-17 with Science categories.
It has been over 100 years since the presentation of the Theory of General Relativity by Albert Einstein, in its final formulation, to the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences. To celebrate 100 years of general relativity, World Scientific publishes this volume with a dual goal: to assess the current status of the field of general relativity in broad terms, and discuss future directions. The volume thus consists of broad overviews summarizing major developments over the past decades and their perspective contributions.
Complex Dynamics Of Glass Forming Liquids
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Author : Wolfgang Götze
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-12-11
Complex Dynamics Of Glass Forming Liquids written by Wolfgang Götze and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-11 with Science categories.
The book contains the only available complete presentation of the mode-coupling theory (MCT) of complex dynamics of glass-forming liquids, dense polymer melts, and colloidal suspensions. It describes in a self-contained manner the derivation of the MCT equations of motion and explains that the latter define a model for a statistical description of non-linear dynamics. It is shown that the equations of motion exhibit bifurcation singularities, which imply the evolution of dynamical scenarios different from those studied in other non-linear dynamics theories. The essence of the scenarios is explained by the asymptotic solution theory of the equations of motion. The leading-order results deal with scaling laws and the range of validity of these general laws is obtained by the derivation of the leading-correction results. Comparisons of numerical solutions of the MCT equations of motion with the analytic results of the asymptotic analysis demonstrate various facets of the MCT dynamics. Some comparisons of MCT results with data are used to show the relevance of MCT for the discussion of amorphous matter dynamics.
Excitations In Organic Solids
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Author : Vladimir M. Agranovich
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-02-12
Excitations In Organic Solids written by Vladimir M. Agranovich and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-12 with Science categories.
During the last decade our expertise in nanotechnology has advanced considerably. The possibility of incorporating in the same nanostructure different organic and inorganic materials has opened up a promising field of research, and has greatly increased the interest in the study of properties of excitations in organic materials. In this book not only the fundamentals of Frenkel exciton and polariton theory are described, but also the electronic excitations and electronic energy transfers in quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots, at surfaces, at interfaces, in thin films, in multilayers, and in microcavities. Among the new topics in the book are those devoted to the optics of hybrid Frenkel-Wannier-Mott excitons in nanostructures, polaritons in organic microcavities including hybrid organic-inorganic microcavities, new concepts for organic light emitting devices, the mixing of Frenkel and charge-transfer excitons in organic quasi one-dimensional crystals, excitons and polaritons in one and two-dimensional crystals, surface electronic excitations, optical biphonons, and Fermi resonances by polaritons. All new phenomena described in the book are illustrated by available experimental observations. The book will be useful for scientists working in the field of photophysics and photochemistry of organic solids (for example, organic light-emitting devices and solar cells), and for students who are entering this field. It is partly based on a book by the author written in 1968 - "Theory of Excitons" - in Russian. However the new book includes only 5 chapters from this version, all of which have been updated. The 10 new chapters contain discussions of new phenomena, their theory and their experimental observations.
Electromagnetic Scattering From Random Media
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Author : Timothy R. Field
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-12-18
Electromagnetic Scattering From Random Media written by Timothy R. Field and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-18 with Science categories.
The book develops the dynamical theory of scattering from random media from first principles. Its key findings are to characterize the time evolution of the scattered field in terms of stochastic differential equations, and to illustrate this framework in simulation and experimental data analysis. The physical models contain all correlation information and higher order statistics, which enables radar and laser scattering experiments to be interpreted. An emphasis is placed on the statistical character of the instantaneous fluctuations, as opposed to ensemble average properties. This leads to various means for detection, which have important consequences in radar signal processing and statistical optics. The book is also significant also because it illustrates how ideas in mathematical finance can be applied to physics problems in which non-Gaussian noise processes play an essential role. This pioneering book represents a significant advance in this field, and should prove valuable to leading edge researchers and practitioners at the postgraduate level and above.
Advances In The Casimir Effect
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Author : Michael Bordag
language : en
Publisher: International Monographs on Ph
Release Date : 2009-05-28
Advances In The Casimir Effect written by Michael Bordag and has been published by International Monographs on Ph this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-28 with Science categories.
This book is a comprehensive sourcebook, distilled from hundreds of recently published papers, about the Casimir effect: the small forces originating from the quantum vacuum and acting between closely spaced bodies. It brings together developments in experiment and theory, fundamental and applied aspects of the Casimir force.
The Universe In A Helium Droplet
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Author : Grigory E. Volovik
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2003-03-06
The Universe In A Helium Droplet written by Grigory E. Volovik and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-06 with Science categories.
There are fundamental relations between three vast areas of physics: particle physics, cosmology and condensed matter physics. The fundamental links between the first two areas, in other words, between micro- and macro- worlds, have been well established. There is a unified system of laws governing the scales from subatomic particles to the Cosmos and this principle is widely exploited in the description of the physics of the early Universe. The main goal of this book is to establish and define the connection of these two fields with condensed matter physics. According to the modern view, elementary particles (electrons, neutrinos, quarks, etc.) are excitations of a more fundamental medium called the quantum vacuum. This is the new 'aether' of the 21st Century. Electromagnetism, gravity, and the fields transferring weak and strong interactions all represent different types of the collective motion of the quantum vacuum. Among the existing condensed matter systems, a quantum liquid called superfluid 3He-A most closely represents the quantum vacuum. Its quasiparticles are very similar to the elementary particles, while the collective modes of the liquid are very similar to electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the quanta of these collective modes are analogues of photons and gravitons. The fundamental laws of physics, such as the laws of relativity (Lorentz invariance) and gauge invariance, arise when the temperature of the quantum liquid decreases. This book is written for graduate students and researchers in all areas of physics.
Muon Spin Rotation Relaxation And Resonance
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Author : Alain Yaouanc
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011
Muon Spin Rotation Relaxation And Resonance written by Alain Yaouanc and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Science categories.
Intended for graduate students and researchers who plan to use the muon spin rotation and relaxation techniques. A comprehensive discussion of the information extracted from measurements on magnetic and superconductor materials. The muonium centres as well as the muon and muonium diffusion in materials are discussed.