Glycolysis
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Glycolysis
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Author : Paul N. Lithaw
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2009
Glycolysis written by Paul N. Lithaw and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Glycolysis categories.
Glycolysis literally means "splitting sugars". In glycolysis, glucose (a six carbon sugar) is split into two molecules of a three-carbon sugar. Glycolysis yields two molecules of ATP (free energy containing molecule), two molecules of pyruvic acid and two "high energy" electron carrying molecules of NADH. Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen. In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. Without oxygen, glycolysis allows cells to make small amounts of ATP. This process is called fermentation. This book presents the latest research in the field.
Glycolysis At 75 Is It Time To Tweak The First Elucidated Metabolic Pathway In History
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Author : Avital Schurr
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-07-08
Glycolysis At 75 Is It Time To Tweak The First Elucidated Metabolic Pathway In History written by Avital Schurr and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-08 with Medicine (General) categories.
Glycolysis, the pathway of enzymatic reactions responsible for the breakdown of glucose into two trioses and further into pyruvate or lactate, was elucidated in 1940. For more than seven decades, it has been taught precisely the way its sequence was proposed by Embden, Meyerhof and Parnas. Accordingly, two outcomes of this pathway were proposed, an aerobic glycolysis, with pyruvate as its final product, and an anaerobic glycolysis, identical to the aerobic one, except for an additional reaction, where pyruvate is reduced to lactate. Several studies in the 1980s have shown that both muscle and brain tissues can oxidize and utilize lactate as an energy substrate, challenging this monocarboxylate’s reputation as a useless end-product of anaerobic glycolysis. These findings were met with great skepticism about the idea that lactate could be playing a role in bioenergetics. In the past quarter of a century monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) were identified and localized in both cellular and mitochondrial membranes. A lactate receptor has been identified. Direct and indirect evidence now indicate that the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) resides not only in the cytosol, as part of the glycolytic pathway machinery, but also in the mitochondrial outer membrane. The mitochondrial form of the enzyme oxidizes lactate to pyruvate and concomitantly produces the reducing agent NADH. These findings have shed light on a major drawback of the originally proposed aerobic version of the glycolytic pathway i.e., its inability to regenerate NAD+, as opposed to anaerobic glycolysis that features the cyclical ability of regenerating NAD+ upon pyruvate reduction to lactate by the cytosolic form of LDH. The malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS), a major redox shuttle in the brain, was proposed as an alternative pathway for NAD+ generation for aerobic glycolysis. Nonetheless, would MAS really be necessary for that function if glycolysis always proceeds to the end-products, lactate and NAD+? An additional dilemma the originally proposed aerobic glycolysis presents has to do with the glycolytic pathway of erythrocytes, which despite its highly aerobic environment, always produces lactate as its end-product. It is time to reexamine the original, dogmatic separation of glycolysis into two distinct pathways and put to test the hypothesis of a unified, singular pathway, the end-product of which is lactate, the real substrate of the mitochondrial TCA cycle.
Independent Study Of Metabolism
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Author : Craig Zimitat
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Independent Study Of Metabolism written by Craig Zimitat and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Glycolysis categories.
Glycolysis At 75
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Author : Avital Schurr
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Glycolysis At 75 written by Avital Schurr and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Electronic book categories.
Glycolysis
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Author : Rita Ferreira
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2023-10-01
Glycolysis written by Rita Ferreira and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-01 with Science categories.
Glycolysis: Tissue-Specific Metabolic Regulation in Physio-Pathological Conditions provides an integrated overview of glycolysis, spanning basic biochemistry, patho-physiology and therapeutic applications. The book also instructs in methods available to study the involvement of the glycolytic events in healthy biology and disease pathology. It begins with an overview of fundamental glycobiology followed by chapters dedicated to glycolysis physiology in organs and systems, pathologic conditions related to glycolytic alterations, glycolysis as a therapeutic target and in drug discovery efforts, and methodological approaches to advance new glycolysis research. Disease areas considered range from cancer to heart failure, diabetes, inborn glycolytic pathway defects, hematologic malignancies, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases and viral Infections. Omics and computational modeling, interactive study methods, and glycolysis flux measurement are described in detail, with step-by-step descriptions of experimental protocols, set-up and analysis.
Non Glycolytic Pathways Of Metabolism Of Glucose
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Author : Siegfried Hollmann
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Non Glycolytic Pathways Of Metabolism Of Glucose written by Siegfried Hollmann and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Non-Glycolytic Pathways of Metabolism of Glucose provides information pertinent to the metabolism of glucose. This book discusses the features of glycolysis and explores the other possibilities for glucose breakdown in mammalian metabolism. Organized into 13 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the regulatory factors in glucose breakdown, including the distribution of enzymes in various organs, the concentration of inorganic ions, as well as the composition of diets, hormones, and vitamins. This text then discusses the glucose dehydrogenation activity, which oxidizes glucose in the presence of methylene blue. Other chapters consider the capacity of mammalian organisms to degrade gluconic acid to a limited extent. This book discusses as well the levels of activity of dehydrogenases in mammalian tissues. The final chapter deals with the reduction methods and colorimetric procedures for the estimation of sugars and their derivatives. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, biologists, biochemists, and biophysicists.
Glycolysis 247 Success Secrets 247 Most Asked Questions On Glycolysis What You Need To Know
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Author : Jimmy Graves
language : en
Publisher: Emereo Publishing
Release Date : 2014-10-15
Glycolysis 247 Success Secrets 247 Most Asked Questions On Glycolysis What You Need To Know written by Jimmy Graves and has been published by Emereo Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-15 with Reference categories.
Feel The Power Of Glycolysis. There has never been a Glycolysis Guide like this. It contains 247 answers, much more than you can imagine; comprehensive answers and extensive details and references, with insights that have never before been offered in print. Get the information you need--fast! This all-embracing guide offers a thorough view of key knowledge and detailed insight. This Guide introduces what you want to know about Glycolysis. A quick look inside of some of the subjects covered: Enzymes - Biological function, Glucose - Energy source, Fermentation - Lactic acid fermentation, Pyruvate kinase - Deficiency, Triosephosphate isomerase - Mechanism, Carbohydrate metabolism - Energy Production, Glycogenolysis - Function, Bioethanol - Biofuel gasoline, Isotopic labeling - Stable isotope labeling, Lipolysis, Chemiosmosis - In mitochondria, Glycolysis, Citric acid cycle - Regulation, Microbial metabolism - Fermentation, Beta cell - Control of Insulin Secretion, Aldose reductase - Function, PKM2 - Bi-functional role within tumors, Metabolic - Proteins, Fatty acid synthesis, Fermentation - Aerobic respiration, Fructolysis - Fructolysis and glycolysis are independent pathways, PFK2 - Regulation, Bipedal - Respiration, Bisphosphoglycerate mutase - Function, Dehydrogenase - Examples, List of biology topics - Cellular and molecular biology, Uridine - Uridine in the Glycolysis Pathway, Lactate dehydrogenase - Reactions, Muscle, Microbial metabolism - Heterotrophic microbial metabolism, Muscle mass - Types of tissue, Cell biologist - Other cellular processes, Pyruvate kinase - Reaction, Metabolism - Energy from organic compounds, Polyethylene terephthalate - Partial glycolysis, Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase - In gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, Citric acid cycle - Products, Jakub Karol Parnas - Achievements, and much more...
Cancer Between Glycolysis And Physical Constraint
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Author : Laurent Schwartz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Cancer Between Glycolysis And Physical Constraint written by Laurent Schwartz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Considerable effort has gone into the research of common cancers - lung, bowel, ovarian, cervical, and prostate cancer. In recent years, however, there has been a lack of breakthroughs in therapeutic advances. By challenging many established beliefs, Cancer explores these issues by offering new perspectives on the study of cancer and exploring the areas of mathematics, physics and chemistry in cancer research. This book is for cancer specialists, clinicians, and researchers interested in an innovative view in cancer research.
Quick Biochemistry Review Glycolysis
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Author : E Staff
language : en
Publisher: Examville Study Guides
Release Date :
Quick Biochemistry Review Glycolysis written by E Staff and has been published by Examville Study Guides this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Study Aids categories.
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The Enzymes Of Glycolysis
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Author : David Phillips
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
The Enzymes Of Glycolysis written by David Phillips and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.