Gravitational Measurements Fundamental Metrology And Constants
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Gravitational Measurements Fundamental Metrology And Constants
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Author : V. de Sabbata
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Gravitational Measurements Fundamental Metrology And Constants written by V. de Sabbata and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Erice, Italy, May 2-12, 1987
Metrology And Fundamental Constants
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Author : Theo W. Hänsch
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2007
Metrology And Fundamental Constants written by Theo W. Hänsch and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Computers categories.
One of the exciting characteristics of metrology is its intimate relationship between fundamental physics and the leading edge of technology which is needed to perform advanced and challenging experiments and measurements. This title includes a set of lectures which present the relevant progress in Metrology.
Recent Advances In Metrology And Fundamental Constants
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Author : T.J. Quinn
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2001-12-18
Recent Advances In Metrology And Fundamental Constants written by T.J. Quinn and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-18 with Science categories.
The exchange between physics and metrology is always fascinating and exciting. Many are the open problems in physics that call for extremely precise standards, many are the advances in metrology made possible by a deep and assiduous study of the underlying physics. One has just to think of the enormous sophistication required in the measurements of some absolute quantities such as the Avogadro, the gas, or the gravitational constants. It is also worth noticing that not only the units of a metrological system are interrelated through the fundamental constants, but also the latter find their full significance when they are determined through the most exacting metrological experiments. Over the past decade many improvements took place and these are discussed in this book; from one side the old caesium SI second definition has found a new realisation, with the “fountain” approach, replacing the classical thermal atomic beam. The use of “cold” atom techniques, in which bunches of inert atoms are collected, slowed down, and cooled, has opened a number of new and unexpected avenues for metrology and fundamental constants; one of these possibilities being the atom interferometry. Another important “quantum jump” was the demonstration of the possibility of performing a direct frequency division in the visible, using ultra short femtosecond pulses. In addition, the possibility of “counting” electrons or photons gave a fundamental support to the development of single-electron capacitance standards and to new scenarios in the absolute calibration of photo-detectors.
Quantum Metrology And Fundamental Physical Constants
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Author : A.A. Lucas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Quantum Metrology And Fundamental Physical Constants written by A.A. Lucas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
The object of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was to pre sent a tutorial 'introduction both to the basic physics of recent spectacular advances achieved in the field of metrology and to the determination of fundamental physical constants. When humans began to qualify their description of natural phenomena, metrology, the science of measurement, developed along side geometry and mathematics. However, flam antiquity to modern times, the role of metrology was mostly restricted to the need of commercial, social or scientific transactions of local or at most national scope. Beginning with the Renaissance, and particularly in western Europe during the last century, metrology rapidly developed an international character as a result of growing needs for more accurate measurements and common standards in the emerging indus trial society. Although the concerns of metrology are deeply rooted to fundamental sciences, it was, until recently, perceived by much of the scientific community as mostly custodial in character.
Big G
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Author : Ronald Sherrod
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2021-10-06
Big G written by Ronald Sherrod and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-06 with categories.
The Newtonian constant of gravitation, G (often referred to as "big G"), is one of the most important of the universal fundamental physical constants. However, its value is the least well-determined of all such constants. This is because G is very difficult to measure reliably. Even though the gravitational force is responsible for star and galaxy formation on the massive scale of the universe, the force itself is minuscule on the tiny scale of the laboratory masses which must be used in the measurement. Consequently, its experimental value is prone to a high degree of inaccuracy. Moreover, it is the viewpoint of most physicists that G is not related to the other fundamental physical constants by any theory or understanding that is currently available. Therefore, it is thought that the value of G can only be obtained by measurement, and not from evaluating it in terms of other fundamental constants whose values are known with much greater precision and accuracy. The work presented in the book is an attempt to break through this mental barrier by demonstrating through numerical analysis that G is definitely related to the other fundamental constants. Consequently, it is possible to propose an exact value for G (to nine significant figures) that is obtainable from evaluation instead of from measurement.
The Fundamental Physical Constants And The Frontier Of Measurement
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Author : Brian William Petley
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1988
The Fundamental Physical Constants And The Frontier Of Measurement written by Brian William Petley and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Physical constants categories.
Fundamental physical constants are used throughout the world by scientists and technologists in the course of every kind of theoretical and experimental research work. The book examines the present state of the measurement arts, and gives indications of likely future developments. This comprehensive and stimulating volume will certainly become a standard reference work in the field of measurement science for physicists, metrologists and workers in other physical science disciplines where a high accuracy of measurement is required.
Metrology And Physical Constants
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Author : A. Di Giuseppe
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2013-10-21
Metrology And Physical Constants written by A. Di Giuseppe and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-21 with Science categories.
The reliability and accuracy of systems of measurement continue to advance. We are about to enter a period of the most stable measurement system we can imagine with the anticipated new definitions of the SI units of measurement; a direct link between fundamental physics and metrology which will eliminate the current definition of the kilogram, until now based upon an artifact. This book presents selected papers from Course 185 of the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2012 and jointly organized with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The papers delivered at the school covered some of the most advanced topics in the discipline of metrology, including nano-technologies; quantum information and quantum devices; biology and medicine; food; surface quality; ionising radiation for health, environment, art and archaeology; and climate. The continuous and striking advances in basic research concerning atomic frequency standards operating both in the visible range and at microwave levels and the applications to satellite systems are also considered, in the framework of a historical review of the international organization of metrology, as are the problems inherent in uncertainty statements and definitions. This book will be of interest to all those whose work involves scientific measurement at the highest levels of accuracy.
Metrology And Fundamental Constants
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Author : Theo W. Hänsch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Metrology And Fundamental Constants written by Theo W. Hänsch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
Atomic Masses And Fundamental Constants 5
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Author : J. Sanders
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1976-03
Atomic Masses And Fundamental Constants 5 written by J. Sanders and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976-03 with Science categories.
Mass Metrology
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Author : S. V. Gupta
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-25
Mass Metrology written by S. V. Gupta and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This second edition of Mass Metrology: The Newly Defined Kilogram has been thoroughly revised to reflect the recent redefinition of the kilogram in terms of Planck’s constant. The necessity of defining the kilogram in terms of physical constants was already underscored in the first edition. However, the kilogram can also be defined in terms of Avogadro’s number, using a collection of ions of heavy elements, by the levitation method, or using voltage and watt balances. The book also addresses the concepts of gravitational, inertial and conventional mass, and describes in detail the variation of acceleration due to gravity. Further topics covered in this second edition include: the effect of gravity variations on the reading of electronic balances derived with respect to latitude, altitude and earth topography; the classification of weights by the OIML; and maximum permissible error in different categories of weights prescribed by national and international organizations. The book also discusses group weighing techniques and the use of nanotechnology for the detection of mass differences as small as 10-24 g. Last but not least, readers will find details on the XRCD method for defining the kilogram in terms of Planck’s constant.