How We Reason
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How We Reason
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Author : Philip Johnson-Laird
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2008-10-23
How We Reason written by Philip Johnson-Laird and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-23 with Psychology categories.
Good reasoning can lead to success; bad reasoning can lead to catastrophe. Yet, it's not obvious how we reason, and why we make mistakes - so much of our mental life goes on outside our awareness. In recent years huge strides have been made into developing a scientific understanding of reasoning. This new book by one of the pioneers of the field, Philip Johnson-Laird, looks at the mental processes that underlie our reasoning. It provides the most accessible account yet of the science of reasoning. We can all reason from our childhood onwards - but how? 'How we reason' outlines a bold approach to understanding reasoning. According to this approach, we don't rely on the laws of logic or probability - we reason by thinking about what's possible, we reason by seeing what is common to the possibilities. As the book shows, this approach can answer many of the questions about how we reason, and what causes mistakes in our reasoning that can lead to disasters such as Chernobyl. It shows why our irrational fears may become psychological illnesses, why terrorists develop 'crazy' ideologies, and how we can act in order to improve our reasoning. The book ends by looking at the role of reasoning in three extraordinary case histories: the Wright brothers' use of analogies in inventing their flyer, the cryptanalysts' deductions in breaking the German's Enigma code in World War II, and Dr. John Snow's inductive reasoning in discovering how cholera spread from one person to another. Accessible, stimulating, and controversial, How we Reason presents a bold new approach to understanding one of the most intriguing facets of being human.
How We Reason
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Author : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
How We Reason written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Reasoning (Psychology) categories.
Good reasoning can lead to success; bad reasoning can lead to catastrophe. Yet, it's not obvious how we reason, and why we make mistakes. This book looks at the mental processes that underlie our reasoning. It provides the most accessible account yet of the science of reasoning.
How We Know What Isn T So
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Author : Thomas Gilovich
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2008-06-30
How We Know What Isn T So written by Thomas Gilovich and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-30 with Psychology categories.
Thomas Gilovich offers a wise and readable guide to the fallacy of the obvious in everyday life. When can we trust what we believe—that "teams and players have winning streaks," that "flattery works," or that "the more people who agree, the more likely they are to be right"—and when are such beliefs suspect? Thomas Gilovich offers a guide to the fallacy of the obvious in everyday life. Illustrating his points with examples, and supporting them with the latest research findings, he documents the cognitive, social, and motivational processes that distort our thoughts, beliefs, judgments and decisions. In a rapidly changing world, the biases and stereotypes that help us process an overload of complex information inevitably distort what we would like to believe is reality. Awareness of our propensity to make these systematic errors, Gilovich argues, is the first step to more effective analysis and action.
The Enigma Of Reason
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Author : Dan Sperber
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2017-04-06
The Enigma Of Reason written by Dan Sperber and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-06 with Psychology categories.
GUARDIAN BOOKS OF THE YEAR 2017 'Original and provocative ... likely to have a big impact on our understanding of ourselves' Steven Pinker 'Mercier and Sperber offer a surprising and powerful response to the new orthodoxy propounded by Kahneman and Tversky ... arguing that the supposed flaws of hot, fast, automatic thinking are actually design features which work remarkably well' Julian Baggini Reason, we are told, is what makes us human, the source of our knowledge and wisdom. But, if reason is so useful, why didn't it also evolve in other animals? If it is that reliable, why do we produce so much thoroughly reasoned nonsense? In their ground-breaking account of the evolution and workings of reason, Hugo Mercier and Dan Sperber set out to solve this double enigma, taking us on a journey from desert ants to modern scientists, and from Aristotle to Daniel Kahneman. Reason, they argue with a compelling mix of real-life and experimental evidence, is not geared to solitary use, to arriving at better beliefs and decisions on our own. What reason does, rather, is help us justify our beliefs and actions to others, convince them through argumentation, and evaluate the justifications and arguments that they address to us. In other words, reason has evolved to help humans better exploit their uniquely rich social environment. This illuminating interpretation of reason makes sense of strengths and weaknesses that have long puzzled philosophers and psychologists - why reason is biased in favour of what we already believe, why it may lead to terrible ideas and yet is indispensable to spreading good ones. Ambitious, provocative, and entertaining, The Enigma of Reason will spark debate among psychologists and philosophers, and make many reasonable people rethink their own thinking.
How Then Should We Reason
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Author : Frank Dragash
language : en
Publisher: AuthorHouse
Release Date : 2008-04
How Then Should We Reason written by Frank Dragash and has been published by AuthorHouse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04 with Religion categories.
"Frank Dragash is a servant of Christ with an incredible passion to make an impact on the world for Christ's kingdom. His ministry in multiple cultures gives him a unique perspective, and he takes a creative approach to every project he undertakes. This book is no exception. He shows clearly that the family is intended to reflect the image of God, and argues that modern culture has gone astray because they have overlooked this truth. An important message that our society desperately needs to hear." -Dr. John Bechtle, Director, The Telos Institute International ------------ The word person is aptly described in Webster's Dictionary in the following explanation: A figure of speech in which an imaginary or absent person is represented as speaking or acting. In this description we can see the reality of being made in the image of someone else. This is the theme of this book. In the ancient Greek theater, an actor would heave a mask over his face in order to more truly represent his character, who was supposed to be present at that moment in that spot, but was actually absent. Because of the character's inability to be present in person on stage, the actor put a particular form over his own face, to identify himself with the character he was representing. This clearly illustrates the concept of personhood with its entire array of traits. In this sense, the entire life known to us is not ours; it is loaned to us. We are truly acting it out. The only question to be answered is: Will we acknowledge it or deny it? Find out the answer in this book!
Start With Why
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Author : Simon Sinek
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2009-10-29
Start With Why written by Simon Sinek and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-29 with Business & Economics categories.
The inspiring, life-changing bestseller by the author of LEADERS EAT LAST and TOGETHER IS BETTER In 2009, Simon Sinek started a movement to help people become more inspired at work, and in turn inspire their colleagues and customers. Since then, millions have been touched by the power of his ideas, including more than 28 million who have watched his TED Talk based on Start With Why -- the third most popular TED video of all time. Sinek opens by asking some fundamental questions: Why are some people and organizations more innovative, more influential, and more profitable than others? Why do some command greater loyalty from customers and employees alike? Even among the successful, why are so few able to repeat their success over and over? Start With Why shows that the leaders who've had the greatest influence in the world--think Martin Luther King Jr., Steve Jobs, and the Wright Brothers--all think, act, and communicate the same way -- and it's the opposite of what everyone else does. Sinek calls this powerful idea 'The Golden Circle,' and it provides a framework upon which organizations can be built, movements can be led, and people can be inspired. And it all starts with WHY.
The Blind Storyteller
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Author : Iris Berent
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Blind Storyteller written by Iris Berent and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
Do newborns think? Do they know that "three" is greater than "two"? Do they prefer "right" to "wrong"? Laypeople hold strong beliefs on such topics. These beliefs are stories we tell ourselves about what we know and who we are. They reflect our understanding of ourselves and others, and shape our thinking about topics such as mental disorders, free will, and the afterlife. But many of these stories are misguided. We, the storytellers, are blind. How could we get it so wrong? In a novel provocative theory, Berent proposes that our errors emanate from the very principles that make our minds tick. Our blindness to human nature is rooted in human nature itself.
Why We Sleep
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Author : Matthew Walker
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2017-10-03
Why We Sleep written by Matthew Walker and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-03 with Health & Fitness categories.
"Sleep is one of the most important but least understood aspects of our life, wellness, and longevity ... An explosion of scientific discoveries in the last twenty years has shed new light on this fundamental aspect of our lives. Now ... neuroscientist and sleep expert Matthew Walker gives us a new understanding of the vital importance of sleep and dreaming"--Amazon.com.
The Book Of Why
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Author : Judea Pearl
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2018-05-15
The Book Of Why written by Judea Pearl and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-15 with Philosophy categories.
The hugely influential book on how the understanding of causality revolutionized science and the world, by the pioneer of artificial intelligence 'Wonderful ... illuminating and fun to read' Daniel Kahneman, Nobel Prize-winner and author of Thinking, Fast and Slow 'Correlation does not imply causation.' For decades, this mantra was invoked by scientists in order to avoid taking positions as to whether one thing caused another, such as smoking and cancer, or carbon dioxide and global warming. But today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, sparked by world-renowned computer scientist Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and placed cause and effect on a firm scientific basis. Now, Pearl and science journalist Dana Mackenzie explain causal thinking to general readers for the first time, showing how it allows us to explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It is the essence of human and artificial intelligence. And just as Pearl's discoveries have enabled machines to think better, The Book of Why explains how we too can think better. 'Pearl's accomplishments over the last 30 years have provided the theoretical basis for progress in artificial intelligence and have redefined the term "thinking machine"' Vint Cerf
How To Win Friends And Influence People
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Author : Dale Carnegie
language : en
Publisher: Manjul Publishing
Release Date : 2017
How To Win Friends And Influence People written by Dale Carnegie and has been published by Manjul Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Self-Help categories.