Implicit Learning And Tacit Knowledge
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Implicit Learning And Tacit Knowledge
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Author : Arthur S. Reber
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1996-09-05
Implicit Learning And Tacit Knowledge written by Arthur S. Reber and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-05 with Psychology categories.
Implicit Learning
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Author : Axel Cleeremans
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-20
Implicit Learning written by Axel Cleeremans and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-20 with Psychology categories.
Can we learn without knowing we are learning? To what extent is our behavior influenced by things we fail to perceive? What is the relationship between conscious and unconscious cognition? Implicit Learning: 50 Years On tackles these key questions, fifty years after the publication of Arthur Reber’s seminal text. Providing an overview of recent developments in the field, the volume considers questions about the computational foundations of learning, alongside phenomena including conditioning, memory formation and consolidation, associative learning, cognitive development, and language learning. Featuring contributions from international researchers, the book uniquely integrates ‘Western’ thinking on implicit learning with insights from a rich Russian research tradition. This approach offers an excellent opportunity to contrast perspectives, to introduce new experimental paradigms, and to contribute to ongoing debates about the very nature of implicit learning. Implicit Learning: 50 Years On is essential reading for students and researchers of consciousness, specifically those interested in implicit learning.
Implicit Learning
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Author : Dianne C. Berry
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2019-03-31
Implicit Learning written by Dianne C. Berry and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-31 with Psychology categories.
There is considerable debate over the extent to which cognitive tasks can be learned non-consciously or implicitly. In recent years a large number of studies have demonstrated a discrepancy between explicit knowledge and measured performance. This book presents an overview of these studies and attempts to clarify apparently disparate results by placing them in a coherent theoretical framework. It draws on evidence from neuropsychological and computational modelling studies as well as the many laboratory experiments. Chapter one sets out the background to the large number of recent studies on implicit learning. It discusses research on implicit memory, perception without awareness, and automaticity. It attempts to set the implicit - explicit distinction in the context of other relevant dichotomies in the literature. Chapter two presents an overview of research on the control of complex systems, from Broadbent (1977) through to the present day. It looks at the accessibility of control task knowledge, as well as whether there is any other evidence for a distinction between implicit and explicit modes of learning. Chapter three critically reviews studies claiming to show that people can acquire concepts without being verbally aware of the basis on which they are responding. It shows that concept formation can be implicit in some sense but not in others. Chapter four investigates the claim that people can learn sequential information in an implicit way. Chapter five looks at whether computational modelling can elucidate the nature of implicit learning. It examines the feasibility of different exemplar connectionist models in accounting for performance in concept learning, sequence learning, and control task experiments. Chapter six reviews evidence concerning dissociations between implicit and explicit knowledge in various neuropsychological syndromes. Finally, chapters seven and eight discuss the many practical and theoretical implications of the research.
Tacit Knowledge
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Author : Neil Gascoigne
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-09-03
Tacit Knowledge written by Neil Gascoigne and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-03 with Philosophy categories.
Tacit knowledge is the form of implicit knowledge that we rely on for learning. It is invoked in a wide range of intellectual inquiries, from traditional academic subjects to more pragmatically orientated investigations into the nature and transmission of skills and expertise. Notwithstanding its apparent pervasiveness, the notion of tacit knowledge is a complex and puzzling one. What is its status as knowledge? What is its relation to explicit knowledge? What does it mean to say that knowledge is tacit? Can it be measured? Recent years have seen a growing interest from philosophers in understanding the nature of tacit knowledge. Philosophers of science have discussed its role in scientific problem-solving; philosophers of language have been concerned with the speaker's relation to grammatical theories; and phenomenologists have attempted to describe the relation of explicit theoretical knowledge to a background understanding of matters that are taken for granted. This book seeks to bring a unity to these diverse philosophical discussions by clarifying their conceptual underpinnings. In addition the book advances a specific account of tacit knowledge that elucidates the importance of the concept for understanding the character of human cognition, and demonstrates the relevance of the recommended account to those concerned with the communication of expertise. The book will be of interest to philosophers of language, epistemologists, cognitive psychologists and students of theoretical linguistics.
How Implicit Is Implicit Learning
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Author : Dianne Berry
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1997
How Implicit Is Implicit Learning written by Dianne Berry and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Education categories.
Implicit learning is said to occur when a person learns about a complex stimulus without necessarily intending to do so, and in such a way that the resulting knowledge is difficult to express. Over the last 30 years, a number of studies have claimed to show evidence of implicit learning. Inmore recent years, however, considerable debate has arisen over the extent to which cognitive tasks can in fact be learned implicitly. Much of the debate has centred on the questions of how unconscious, and how abstract, is implicitly acquired knowledge? The aim of this book is to provide studentsand researchers with a self-contained and balanced summary of the various theoretical and empirical positions that are currently shaping this exciting area of research.
Tacit Knowledge In Professional Practice
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Author : Robert J. Sternberg
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1999-02-01
Tacit Knowledge In Professional Practice written by Robert J. Sternberg and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-02-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Those responsible for professional development in public and private-sector organizations have long had to deal with an uncomfortable reality. Billions of dollars are spent on formal education and training directed toward the development of job incumbents, yet the recipients of this training spend all but a fraction of their working life outside the training room--in meetings, on the shop floor, on the road, or in their offices. Faced with the need to promote "continuous learning" in a cost-effective manner, trainers, consultants, and educators have sought to develop ways to enrich the instructional and developmental potential of job assignments--to understand and facilitate the "lessons of experience." Not surprisingly, social and behavioral scientists have weighed in on the subject of on-the-job learning, and one message of their research is quite clear. This message is that much of the knowledge people use to succeed on the job is acquired implicitly--without intention to learn or awareness of having learned. The common language of the workplace reflects an awareness of this fact as people speak of learning "by doing" or "by osmosis" and of professional "instinct" or "intuition." Psychologists, more careful if not clearer in their choice of words, refer to learning without intention or awareness as "implicit learning" and refer to the knowledge that results from this learning as "tacit knowledge." Tacit Knowledge in Professional Practice explores implicit learning and tacit knowledge as they manifest themselves in the practice of six knowledge-intensive professions, and considers the implications of a tacit-knowledge approach for increasing the instructional and developmental impact of work experiences. This volume brings together distinguished practitioners and researchers in each of the six disciplines to discuss their own research and/or professional experience and to engage each other's views. It addresses professional practice in its totality -- from the technical to the interpersonal to the crassly commercial -- not simply a few aspects of practice that lend themselves to controlled study. Finally, this edited volume seeks to go beyond the enumeration of critical experiences to an understanding of the psychological mechanisms that underlie learning from experience in professional disciplines and, in so doing, to lay a foundation for innovations in professional education and training.
Handbook Of Implicit Learning
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Author : Michael A. Stadler
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Release Date : 1998
Handbook Of Implicit Learning written by Michael A. Stadler and has been published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Psychology categories.
Research on implicit learning - a cognitive phenomenon in which people acquire knowledge without conscious intent or awareness - has been growing exponentially. This volume draws together this research, offering the first complete reference on implicit learning by those who have been instrumental in shaping the field. The contributors explore controversies in the field, and examine: functional characteristics, brain mechanisms and neurological foundations of implicit learning; connectionist models; and applications of implicit learning to acquiring new mental skills.
Implicit Learning
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Author : Dianne C. Berry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Implicit Learning written by Dianne C. Berry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.
Implicit And Explicit Mental Processes
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Author : Kim Kirsner
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-06-17
Implicit And Explicit Mental Processes written by Kim Kirsner and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-17 with Psychology categories.
The need for synthesis in the domain of implicit processes was the motivation behind this book. Two major questions sparked its development: Is there one implicit process or processing principle, or are there many? Are implicit memory, learning, and expertise; skill acquisition; and automatic detection simply different facets of one general principle or process, or are they distinct processes performing very different functions? This book has been designed to cast light on this issue. Because it is impossible to make sense of implicit processes without taking into account their explicit counterparts, consideration is also given to explicit memory, learning, and expertise; and controlled processing. The chapter authors consider principles, processes, and models which stand above a wealth of data collected to evaluate models designed specifically to account for data from a specific paradigm, or even more narrowly, from a specific experimental task. The motivation behind this approach is the proposition that modeling is possible for a much broader data domain, even though there may be some cost where specific tasks are concerned. The aim of this book is to treat synthesis as the objective, and to approach this objective by collecting and discussing phenomena which--although they are drawn from diverse areas of psychological science--touch a single issue concerning the distinction between explicit and implicit processes.
Implicit And Explicit Learning Of Languages
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Author : Patrick Rebuschat
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2015-09-15
Implicit And Explicit Learning Of Languages written by Patrick Rebuschat and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Implicit learning is a fundamental feature of human cognition. Many essential skills, including language comprehension and production, intuitive decision making, and social interaction, are largely dependent on implicit (unconscious) knowledge. Given its relevance, it is not surprising that the study of implicit learning plays a central role in the cognitive sciences. The present volume brings together eminent researchers from a variety of fields (e.g., cognitive psychology, linguistics, education, cognitive neuroscience, developmental psychology) in order to assess the progress made in the study of implicit and explicit learning, to critically evaluate key concepts and methodologies, and to determine future directions to take in this interdisciplinary enterprise. The eighteen chapters in this volume are written in an accessible and engaging fashion; together, they provide the reader with a comprehensive snapshot of the exciting current work on the implicit and explicit learning of languages.