Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth
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Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth
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Author : Mr.Shekhar Aiyar
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-02-15
Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth written by Mr.Shekhar Aiyar and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-15 with Business & Economics categories.
We posit that the relationship between income inequality and economic growth is mediated by the level of equality of opportunity, which we identify with intergenerational mobility. In economies characterized by intergenerational rigidities, an increase in income inequality has persistent effects—for example by hindering human capital accumulation— thereby retarding future growth disproportionately. We use several recently developed internationally comparable measures of intergenerational mobility to confirm that the negative impact of income inequality on growth is higher the lower is intergenerational mobility. Our results suggest that omitting intergenerational mobility leads to misspecification, shedding light on why the empirical literature on income inequality and growth has been so inconclusive.
Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth
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Author : Mr.Shekhar Aiyar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth written by Mr.Shekhar Aiyar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Inequality Of Opportunity
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Author : Juan Gabriel Rodríguez
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2011-10-12
Inequality Of Opportunity written by Juan Gabriel Rodríguez and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Eight papers, both theoretical and applied, on the concept of equality of opportunity which says that a society should guarantee its members equal access to advantage regardless of their circumstances, while holding them responsible for turning that access into actual advantage by the application of effort.
Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth
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Author : Shekhar S. Aiyar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Inequality Of Opportunity Inequality Of Income And Economic Growth written by Shekhar S. Aiyar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
We posit that the relationship between income inequality and economic growth ismediated by the level of equality of opportunity, which we identify with intergenerationalmobility. In economies characterized by intergenerational rigidities, an increase in incomeinequality has persistent effects-for example by hindering human capital accumulation-thereby retarding future growth disproportionately. We use several recently developedinternationally comparable measures of intergenerational mobility to confirm that thenegative impact of income inequality on growth is higher the lower is intergenerationalmobility. Our results suggest that omitting intergenerational mobility leads tomisspecification, shedding light on why the empirical literature on income inequality andgrowth has been so inconclusive.
Inequality And Growth
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Author : Theo S. Eicher
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2007-01-26
Inequality And Growth written by Theo S. Eicher and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Even minute increases in a country's growth rate can result in dramatic changes in living standards over just one generation. The benefits of growth, however, may not be shared equally. Some may gain less than others, and a fraction of the population may actually be disadvantaged. Recent economic research has found both positive and negative relationships between growth and inequality across nations. The questions raised by these results include: What is the impact on inequality of policies designed to foster growth? Does inequality by itself facilitate or detract from economic growth, and does it amplify or diminish policy effectiveness? This book provides a forum for economists to examine the theoretical, empirical, and policy issues involved in the relationship between growth and inequality. The aim is to develop a framework for determining the role of public policy in enhancing both growth and equality. The diverse range of topics, examined in both developed and developing countries, includes natural resources, taxation, fertility, redistribution, technological change, transition, labor markets, and education. A theme common to all the essays is the importance of education in reducing inequality and increasing growth.
Economic Mobility And The Rise Of The Latin American Middle Class
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Author : Francisco H. G. Ferreira
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012-11-09
Economic Mobility And The Rise Of The Latin American Middle Class written by Francisco H. G. Ferreira and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-09 with Business & Economics categories.
After decades of stagnation, the size of Latin America's middle class recently expanded to the point where, for the first time ever, the number of people in poverty is equal to the size of the middle class. This volume investigates the nature, determinants and possible consequences of this remarkable process of social transformation. We propose an original definition of the middle class, tailor-made for Latin America, centered on the concept of economic security and thus a low probability of falling into poverty. Given our definition of the middle class, there are four, not three, classes in Latin America. Sandwiched between the poor and the middle class there lies a large group of people who appear to make ends meet well enough, but do not enjoy the economic security that would be required for membership of the middle class. We call this group the 'vulnerable'. In an almost mechanical sense, these transformations in Latin America reflect both economic growth and declining inequality in over the period. We adopt a measure of mobility that decomposes the 'gainers' and 'losers' in society by social class of each household. The continent has experienced a large amount of churning over the last 15 years, at least 43% of all Latin Americans changed social classes between the mid 1990s and the end of the 2000s. Despite the upward mobility trend, intergenerational mobility, a better proxy for inequality of opportunity, remains stagnant. Educational achievement and attainment remain to be strongly dependent upon parental education levels. Despite the recent growth in pro-poor programs, the middle class has benefited disproportionally from social security transfers and are increasingly opting out from government services. Central to the region's prospects of continued progress will be its ability to harness the new middle class into a new, more inclusive social contract, where the better-off pay their fair share of taxes, and demand improved public services.
Poverty Inequality And Inclusive Growth In Asia
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Author : Juzhong Zhuang
language : en
Publisher: Anthem Press
Release Date : 2011-10-01
Poverty Inequality And Inclusive Growth In Asia written by Juzhong Zhuang and has been published by Anthem Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-01 with Business & Economics categories.
While Asia’s growth record in recent decades is remarkable, it has been marred by rising inequalities. This book looks at recent trends of income and non-income inequalities in developing Asian countries, discusses their underlying driving forces, and examines key policy issues that need to be addressed to ensure that the benefits of growth will be more equitably shared in Asia. The book also presents a set of country studies that provide rich information on growth, poverty and inequality dynamics and the policy challenges that arise in marching toward inclusive growth.
Links Between Growth Inequality And Poverty A Survey
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Author : Ms. Valerie Cerra
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2021-03-12
Links Between Growth Inequality And Poverty A Survey written by Ms. Valerie Cerra and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Economic Growth And Income Inequality In China India And Singapore
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Author : Pundarik Mukhopadhaya
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-05
Economic Growth And Income Inequality In China India And Singapore written by Pundarik Mukhopadhaya and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with Business & Economics categories.
The world at large is watching both China and India as powerhouses of economic growth. The two nations have achieved significantly high rates of economic growth ever since their respective economies liberalized in 1978 and 1991. Singapore, despite its limited land size and almost total dependence on external trade, has performed remarkably well and has moved from the third world to the first. This book documents and explains the rapid economic growth of the three key Asian economies.The book also looks at what has happened to income inequality in the context of superior growth performance. It makes comparative assessments and examines the implications for the three nations. Since free markets have nothing in them to produce a reduction in income inequality among persons/households, one must at best hope for equality of opportunity notably reflected in identical schooling for all; identical health care for all; and minimal rather than vulgar inequality in housing. This book is particularly useful for both China and India which may wish to study and learn from Singapore in regard to the policies, programmes and projects aimed at ensuring equality of opportunity. The book is backed by considerable expertise on the part of the researchers, with demonstrated expertise through their publications spawning a few decades. It is invaluable to those who are concerned with designing policies for developing countries aimed at rapid and inclusive economic growth.This book has been made possible by the intellectual and financial support extended by the Global Asia Institute, National University of Singapore.