Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials Fundamentals Of Nanoscience
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Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials Fundamentals Of Nanoscience
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Author : Nasr Mostafa Ghoniem
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials Fundamentals Of Nanoscience written by Nasr Mostafa Ghoniem and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Materials science categories.
Instabilities and self-organisation in materials are at the core of technological applications. In nano-technology, manufacturing of electronic and electromagnetic devices relies on the natural tendency of materials to undergo 'self-organisaton'. Fundamentals are covered in volume I and applications in volume II.
Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials
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Author : Nasr Mostafa Ghoniem
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008-04-15
Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials written by Nasr Mostafa Ghoniem and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In materials, critical phenomena such as phase transitions, plastic deformation and fracture are intimately related to self-organization. Understanding the origin of spatio-temporal order in systems far from thermal equilibrium and the selection mechanisms of spatial structures and their symmetries is a major theme of present day research on the structure of continuous matter. Furthermore, the development of methods for producing spatially-ordered and self-assembled microstructure in solids by non-equilibrium methods opens the door to many technological applications. There is an increasing demand for a better understanding of new materials from a more fundamental point of view. In order to describe and understand the behavior of such materials, dynamical concepts related to non-equilibrium phenomena, irreversible thermodynamics, nonlinear dynamics, and bifurcation theory, are required. The generic presence of defects and their crucial influence on pattern formation and critical phenomena in extended systems is now well-established. Similar to observations in hydrodynamical, liquid crystal, and laser systems, defects in materials have a profound effect. We found it thus timely to develop a unified presentation of tools, concepts, and methods that are useful to material scientists and engineers. Although specialized treatments of various topics covered in this book are available, we feel that a comprehensive approach may give the reader a higher vantage point. Hence, emphasis is placed on combining the basic physical, mathematical and computational aspects with technological applications within the material's life-cycle, from processing, degradation to eventual failure. The book is divided into two parts that are organized as follows. The first volume of this book is devoted to the most basic concepts of the physics, mechanics and mathematical theory utilized in the analysis of non-equilibrium materials. The reader is exposed to a rigorous background on material deformation, defect theory transport processes, and the statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of phase transitions. Mathematical concepts of non-linear dynamics, such as bifurcation and instability theory, the dynamics of complex systems near pattern forming instabilities, the generic aspects of pattern formation, selection and stability are presented. Stochastic and numerical methods used in this field are also introduced. The methods and techniques developed in the first volume are applied in the second volume to specific problems in various advanced technologies. These applications include plastic and fracture instabilities, interfacial morphological instabilities in solidification, crystal growth, electro-deposition, surface instabilities in laser, plasma and chemical vapor processing, and material aging instabilities under irradiation and chemical corrosion attack.
Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials Applications In Materials Design And Nanotechnology
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Author : Nasr Mostafa Ghoniem
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Instabilities And Self Organization In Materials Applications In Materials Design And Nanotechnology written by Nasr Mostafa Ghoniem and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Materials science categories.
Self Organized Nanoscale Materials
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Author : Motonari Adachi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-10-31
Self Organized Nanoscale Materials written by Motonari Adachi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
First to review nanoscale self-assembly employing such a wide variety of methods Covers a wide variety physical, chemical and biological systems, phenomena, and applications First overviews of nanotube biotechnology and bimetallic nanoparticles
Advanced Tomographic Methods In Materials Research And Engineering
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Author : John Banhart
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-03-20
Advanced Tomographic Methods In Materials Research And Engineering written by John Banhart and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-20 with Science categories.
Tomography provides three-dimensional images of heterogeneous materials or engineering components, and offers an unprecedented insight into their internal structure. By using X-rays generated by synchrotrons, neutrons from nuclear reactors, or electrons provided by transmission electron microscopes, hitherto invisible structures can be revealed which are not accessible to conventional tomography based on X-ray tubes. This book is mainly written for applied physicists, materials scientists and engineers. It provides detailed descriptions of the recent developments in this field, especially the extension of tomography to materials research and engineering. The book is grouped into four parts: a general introduction into the principles of tomography, image analysis and the interactions between radiation and matter, and one part each for synchrotron X-ray tomography, neutron tomography, and electron tomography. Within these parts, individual chapters written by different authors describe important versions of tomography, and also provide examples of applications to demonstrate the capacity of the methods. The accompanying CD-ROM contains some typical data sets and programs to reconstruct, analyse and visualise the three-dimensional data.
Introduction To Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Third Edition
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Author : C. Julian Chen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-03-04
Introduction To Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Third Edition written by C. Julian Chen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) was invented by Binnig and Rohrer and received a Nobel Prize of Physics in 1986. Together with the atomic force microscope (AFM), it provides non-destructive atomic and subatomic resolution on surfaces. Especially, in recent years, internal details of atomic and molecular wavefunctions are observed and mapped with negligible disturbance. Since the publication of its first edition, this book has been the standard reference book and a graduate-level textbook educating several generations of nano-scientists. In Aug. 1992, the co-inventor of STM, Nobelist Heinrich Rohrer recommended: "The Introduction to Scanning tunnelling Microscopy by C.J. Chen provides a good introduction to the field for newcomers and it also contains valuable material and hints for the experts". For the second edition, a 2017 book review published in the Journal of Applied Crystallography said "Introduction to Scanning tunnelling Microscopy is an excellent book that can serve as a standard introduction for everyone that starts working with scanning probe microscopes, and a useful reference book for those more advanced in the field". The third edition is a thoroughly updated and improved version of the recognized "Bible" of the field. Additions to the third edition include: theory, method, results, and interpretations of the non-destructive observation and mapping of atomic and molecular wavefunctions; elementary theory and new verifications of equivalence of chemical bond interaction and tunnelling; scanning tunnelling spectroscopy of high Tc superconductors; imaging of self-assembled organic molecules on the solid-liquid interfaces. Some key derivations are rewritten using mathematics at an undergraduate level to make it pedagogically sound.
Nanocomposites With Biodegradable Polymers
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Author : Vikas Mittal
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-04-28
Nanocomposites With Biodegradable Polymers written by Vikas Mittal and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Bio-nanocomposites combine the enhanced properties of commercial polymer nanocomposites with the low environmental impact of biodegradable material, making them a topic of great current interest. Because of their tremendous role in reducing dependency on commercial non-biodegradable polymers, and their environmentally-friendly nature, bio-nanocomposites need to be studied in greater detail. In this book, recent advancements in their development are brought together in a single text, to provide researchers with a thorough insight into the various systems, and to open up future perspectives. Although the commercial applications of these bio-nanocomposites are in their infancy, these materials have a huge commercial potential. In setting out the next generation of advances in nanocomposite technology, this book opens the way for further developments in the field. Describing the subject as a whole, from a basic introduction to the more specific systems and advancements, this book can be used both as a professional reference and for teaching purposes.
Smart Structures
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Author : Vinod K. Wadhawan
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-10-18
Smart Structures written by Vinod K. Wadhawan and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A structure is an assembly that serves an engineering function. A smart structure is one that serves this function smartly, i.e. by responding adaptively in a pre-designed useful and efficient manner to changing environmental conditions. Adaptive behaviour of one or more materials constituting a smart structure requires nonlinear response. This book describes the three main types of nonlinear-response materials: ferroic materials, soft materials, and nanostructured materials. Information processing by biological and artificial smart structures is also discussed. A smart structure typically has sensors, actuators, and a control system. Progress in all these aspects of smart structures has leant heavily on mimicking Nature, and the all-important notion in this context has been that of evolution. Artificial Darwinian and Lamarckian evolution holds the key to the development of truly smart structures. Modestly intelligent robots are already on the horizon. Projections about the low-cost availability of adequate computing power and memory size indicate that the future really belongs to smart structures. This book covers in a compact format the entire gamut of concepts relevant to smart structures. It should be of interest to a wide range of students and professionals in science and engineering.
Self Organization During Friction
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Author : German S. Fox-Rabinovich
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Self Organization During Friction written by German S. Fox-Rabinovich and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Nanotechnology categories.
Foundations Of Nanotechnology Volume Two
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Author : Sabu Thomas
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-10-24
Foundations Of Nanotechnology Volume Two written by Sabu Thomas and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-24 with Science categories.
The collection of topics in this book reflects the diversity of recent advances in nanoelements formation and interactions in nanosystems with a broad perspective that is useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers. One of the main tasks in making nanocomposites is building the dependence of the structure and shape of the nanoelements, forming the basis for the composite of their sizes. This is because with an increase or a decrease in the specific size of nanoelements, their physical–mechanical properties such as the coefficient of elasticity, strength, and deformation parameter, vary by over one order. The calculations show that this is primarily due to a significant rearrangement of the atomic structure and the shape of the nanoelement. The investigation of the above parameters of the nanoelements is technically complicated and laborious because of their small sizes. When the characteristics of powder nanocomposites are calculated, it is also very important to take into account the interaction of the nanoelements since the changes in their original shapes and sizes in the interaction process and during the formation of the nanocomposite can lead to a significant change in its properties and a cardinal structural rearrangement. In addition, the studies show the appearance of the processes of the ordering and self-assembling leading to a more organized form of a nanosystem. The above phenomena play an important role in nanotechnological processes. They allow nanotechnologies to be developed for the formation of nanostructures by the self-assembling method (which is based on self-organizing processes) and building up complex spatial nanostructures consisting of different nanoelements. The study of the above dependences based on the mathematical modeling methods requires the solution of the aforementioned problem at the atomic level. This requires large computational aids and computational time, which makes the development of economical calculation methods urgent. The objective of this volume is the development of such a technique in various nanosystems.