Knowledge And Presuppositions
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Knowledge And Presuppositions
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Author : Michael Blome-Tillmann
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-05-22
Knowledge And Presuppositions written by Michael Blome-Tillmann and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-22 with Philosophy categories.
Knowledge and Presuppositions develops a novel account of epistemic contextualism based on the idea that pragmatic presuppositions play a central role in the semantics of knowledge attributions. According to Blome-Tillmann, knowledge attributions are sensitive to what is pragmatically presupposed at the context of ascription. The resulting theory--Presuppositional Epistemic Contextualism (PEC)--is simple and straightforward, yet powerful enough to have far-reaching and important consequences for a variety of hotly debated issues in epistemology and philosophy of language. In this book, Blome-Tillmann first develops Presuppositional Epistemic Contextualism and then explores its ability to resolve various sceptical paradoxes and puzzles. Blome-Tillmann also defends PEC against familiar and widely discussed philosophical and linguistic objections to contextualism. In the final chapters of the book PEC is employed to illuminate a variety of concerns central to contemporary discussions of epistemological issues, such as Gettier cases, Moorean reasoning, the nature of evidence, and other current problems and puzzles.
The Social Theory Of Practices
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Author : Stephen P. Turner
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 1994
The Social Theory Of Practices written by Stephen P. Turner and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Knowledge, Theory of categories.
This book presents the first analysis and critique of the idea of practice as it has developed in the various theoretical traditions of the social sciences and the humanities. The concept of a practice, understood broadly as a tacit possession that is ′shared′ by and the same for different people, has a fatal difficulty, the author argues. This object must in some way be transmitted, ′reproduced′, in Bourdieu′s famous phrase, in different persons. But there is no plausible mechanism by which such a process occurs. The historical uses of the concept, from Durkheim to Kripke′s version of Wittgenstein, provide examples of the contortions that thinkers have been forced into by this problem, and show the ultimate implausibility of the idea of the interpersonal transmission of these supposed objects. Without the notion of ′sameness′ the concept of practice collapses into the concept of habit. The conclusion sketches a picture of what happens when we do without the notion of a shared practice, and how this bears on social theory and philosophy. It explains why social theory cannot get beyond the stage of constructing fuzzy analogies, and why the standard constructions of the contemporary philosophical problem of relativism depend upon this defective notion.
Scientific Method In Practice
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Author : Hugh G. Gauch
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003
Scientific Method In Practice written by Hugh G. Gauch and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Science categories.
As the gateway to scientific thinking, an understanding of the scientific method is essential for success and productivity in science. This book is the first synthesis of the practice and the philosophy of the scientific method. It will enable scientists to be better scientists by offering them a deeper understanding of the underpinnings of the scientific method, thereby leading to more productive research and experimentation. It will also give scientists a more accurate perspective on the rationality of the scientific approach and its role in society. Beginning with a discussion of today's 'science wars' and science's presuppositions, the book then explores deductive and inductive logic, probability, statistics, and parsimony, and concludes with an examination of science's powers and limits, and a look at science education. Topics relevant to a variety of disciplines are treated, and clarifying figures, case studies, and chapter summaries enhance the pedagogy. This adeptly executed, comprehensive, yet pragmatic work yields a new synergy suitable for scientists and instructors, and graduate students and advanced undergraduates.
Knowledge Ideology Discourse
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Author : Tim Dant
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-12-19
Knowledge Ideology Discourse written by Tim Dant and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-19 with Social Science categories.
This student textbook, originally published in 1991, tackles the traditional problems of the sociology of knowledge from a new perspective. Drawing on recent developments in social theory, Tim Dant explores crucial questions such as the roles of power and knowledge, the status of rational knowledge, and the empirical analysis of knowledge. He argues that, from a sociological perspective, knowledge, ideology and discourse are different aspects of the same phenomenon, and reasserts the central thesis of the sociology - that knowledge is socially determined.
Knowledge And The Known
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Author : Jaakko Hintikka
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Knowledge And The Known written by Jaakko Hintikka and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.
A word of warning concerning the aims of this volume is in order. Other wise some readers might be unpleasantly surprised by the fact that two of the chapters of an ostensibly historical book are largely topical rather than historical. They are Chapters 7 and 9, respectively entitled 'Are Logical Truths Analytic?' and 'A Priori Truths and Things-In-Them selves'. Moreover, the history dealt with in Chapter 11 is so recent as to have more critical than antiquarian interest. This mixture of materials may seem all the more surprising as I shall myself criticize (in Chapter I) too facile assimilations of earlier thinkers' concepts and problems to later ones. There is no inconsistency here, it seems to me. The aims of the present volume are historical, and for that very purpose, for the purpose of understanding and evaluating earlier thinkers it is vital to know the conceptual landscape in which they were moving. A crude analogy may be helpful here. No military historian can afford to neglect the topo graphy of the battles he is studying. If he does not know in some detail what kind of pass Thermopylae is or on what sort of ridge the battle of Bussaco was fought, he has no business of discussing these battles, even if this topographical information alone does not yet amount to historical knowledge.
Information And Knowledge
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Author : Giuseppe Primiero
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-03
Information And Knowledge written by Giuseppe Primiero and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-03 with Social Science categories.
This book develops a philosophical and logical interpretation of the concept of information within the formal structure of Constructive Type Theory (CTT), in a manner concurrent with a diverse range of contemporary perspectives on the philosophy of information. It presents a newly formulated and conceptually developed presentation of the Problem of Analyticity, and a new interesting perspective on the constructive interpretation of knowledge processes.
The Two Fundamental Problems Of The Theory Of Knowledge
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Author : Karl Popper
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-05-01
The Two Fundamental Problems Of The Theory Of Knowledge written by Karl Popper and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-01 with Philosophy categories.
In a letter of 1932, Karl Popper described Die beiden Grundprobleme der Erkenntnistheorie – The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge – as ‘...a child of crises, above all of ...the crisis of physics.’ Finally available in English, it is a major contribution to the philosophy of science, epistemology and twentieth century philosophy generally. The two fundamental problems of knowledge that lie at the centre of the book are the problem of induction, that although we are able to observe only a limited number of particular events, science nevertheless advances unrestricted universal statements; and the problem of demarcation, which asks for a separating line between empirical science and non-science. Popper seeks to solve these two basic problems with his celebrated theory of falsifiability, arguing that the inferences made in science are not inductive but deductive; science does not start with observations and proceed to generalise them but with problems, which it attacks with bold conjectures. The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge is essential reading for anyone interested in Karl Popper, in the history and philosophy of science, and in the methods and theories of science itself.
Knowledge Alchemy
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Author : Tero Erkkilä
language : en
Publisher: Policy Press
Release Date : 2023-05-31
Knowledge Alchemy written by Tero Erkkilä and has been published by Policy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-31 with Political Science categories.
This book introduces the concept of ‘knowledge alchemy’ to capture the generic process of transforming mundane practices and policies of governance into competitive ones following imagined global gold standards. Using examples from North America, Europe and Asia, it explores how knowledge alchemy increasingly informs national and institutional policies and practices on economic performance, higher education, research and innovation. The book examines how governments around the world have embraced global models of world-class university, human capital and talent competition as essential in ensuring national competitiveness. Through its analysis, the book shows how this strongly future-oriented and anticipatory knowledge governance is steered by a surge of global classifications, rankings and indicators, resulting in numerous comparisons of various domains that today form more constraining global policy scripts.
Curriculum And The Specialization Of Knowledge
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Author : Michael Young
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-09-07
Curriculum And The Specialization Of Knowledge written by Michael Young and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-07 with Education categories.
This book presents a new way for educators at all levels - from early years to university - to think about curriculum priorities. It focuses on the curriculum as a form of specialised knowledge, optimally designed to enable students to gain access to the best knowledge available in any field. Papers jointly written by the authors over the last eight years are revised for this volume. It draws on the sociology of knowledge and in particular the work of Emile Durkheim and Basil Bernstein, opening up the possibilities for collaborative inter-disciplinary enquiry with historians, philosophers and psychologists. Although primarily directed to researchers, university teachers and graduate students, its arguments about specialised knowledge have profound implications for policy makers.
Our Knowledge Of The Growth Of Knowledge Routledge Revivals
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Author : Peter Munz
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-06-27
Our Knowledge Of The Growth Of Knowledge Routledge Revivals written by Peter Munz and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-27 with Philosophy categories.
Peter Munz, a former student of both Popper and Wittgenstein, begins his comparison of the two great twentieth-century philosophers, by explaining that since the demise of positivism there have emerged, broadly speaking, two philosophical options: Wittgenstein, with the absolute relativism of his theory that meaning is a function of language games and that social configurations are determinants of knowledge; and Popper’s evolutionary epistemology – conscious knowledge is a special case of the relationship which exists between all living beings and their environments. Professor Munz examines and rejects the Wittgensteinian position. Instead, Our Knowledge of the Growth of Knowledge, first published in 1985, elaborates the potentially fruitful link between Popper’s critical rationalism and Neo-Darwinism. Read in the light of the latter, Popper’s philosophy leads to the transformation of Kant’s Transcendental Idealism into ‘Hypothetical Realism’, whilst the emphasis on the biological orientation of Popper’s thought helps to illumine some difficulties in Popper’s ‘falsificationism’.