Mapping The Connectome Multi Level Analysis Of Brain Connectivity
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Mapping The Connectome Multi Level Analysis Of Brain Connectivity
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Author : Trygve B. Leergaard
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :
Mapping The Connectome Multi Level Analysis Of Brain Connectivity written by Trygve B. Leergaard and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Neurophenotypes
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Author : Vinoth Jagaroo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-24
Neurophenotypes written by Vinoth Jagaroo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-24 with Psychology categories.
The interest in ‘biomarkers’ seen across a spectrum of biomedical disciplines reflects the rise of molecular biology and genetics. A host of ‘omics’ disciplines in addition to genomics, marked by multidimensional data and complex analyses, and enabled by bioinformatics, have pushed the trajectory of biomarker development even further. They have also made more tractable the complex mappings of genotypes to phenotypes – genome-to-phenome mapping – to which the concept of a biomarker is central. Genomic investigations of the brain are beginning to reveal spectacular associations between genes and neural systems. Neural and cognitive phenomics are considered a necessary complement to genomics of the brain. Other major omics developments such as connectomics, the comprehensive mapping of neurons and neural networks, are heralding brain maps of unprecedented detail. Such developments are defining a new era of brain science. And in this new research environment, neural systems and cognitive operations are pressed for new kinds of definitions – that facilitate brain-behavioral alignment in an omics operating environment. This volume explores the topic of markers framed around the constructs of cognitive and neural systems. ‘Neurophenotype’ is a term adopted to describe a neural or cognitive marker that can be scientifically described within an associative framework – and while the genome-to-phenome framework is the most recognized of these, epigenetics and non-gene-regulated neural dynamics also suggest other frameworks. In either case, the term neurophenotype defines operational constructs of brain-behavioral domains that serve the integration of these domains with neuroscientific and omics models of the brain. The topic is critically important to psychiatry and neuropsychology: Neurophenotypes offer a ‘format’ and a ‘language’ by which psychiatry and neuropsychology can be in step with the brain sciences. They also bring a new challenge to the clinical neurosciences in terms of construct validation and refinement. Topics covered in the volume include: Brain and cognition in the omics era Phenomics, connectomics, and Research Domain Criteria Circuit-based neurophenotypes, and complications posed by non-gene regulated factors The legacy of the endophenotype concept – its utility and limitations Various potential neurophenotypes of relevance to clinical neuroscience, including Response Inhibition, Fear Conditioning and Extinction, Error Processing, Reward Dependence and Reward Deficiency, Face Perception, and Language Phenotypes Dynamic (electrophysiological) and computational neurophenotypes The challenge of a cultural shift for psychiatry and neuropsychology The volume may be especially relevant to researchers and clinical practitioners in psychiatry and neuropsychology and to cognitive neuroscientists interested in the intersection of neuroscience with genomics, phenomics and other omics disciplines.
Electron Microscopy Based Tools For Imaging Cellular Circuits And Organisms
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Author : Yoshiyuki Kubota
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-12-30
Electron Microscopy Based Tools For Imaging Cellular Circuits And Organisms written by Yoshiyuki Kubota and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-30 with categories.
Quantitative Analysis Of Neuroanatomy
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Author : Julian M L Budd
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-03-22
Quantitative Analysis Of Neuroanatomy written by Julian M L Budd and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-22 with Computational neuroscience categories.
The true revolution in the age of digital neuroanatomy is the ability to extensively quantify anatomical structures and thus investigate structure-function relationships in great detail. Large-scale projects were recently launched with the aim of providing infrastructure for brain simulations. These projects will increase the need for a precise understanding of brain structure, e.g., through statistical analysis and models. From articles in this Research Topic, we identify three main themes that clearly illustrate how new quantitative approaches are helping advance our understanding of neural structure and function. First, new approaches to reconstruct neurons and circuits from empirical data are aiding neuroanatomical mapping. Second, methods are introduced to improve understanding of the underlying principles of organization. Third, by combining existing knowledge from lower levels of organization, models can be used to make testable predictions about a higher-level organization where knowledge is absent or poor. This latter approach is useful for examining statistical properties of specific network connectivity when current experimental methods have not yet been able to fully reconstruct whole circuits of more than a few hundred neurons.
Biological Antenna To The Humanoid Bot
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Author : Pushpendra Singh
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-02-01
Biological Antenna To The Humanoid Bot written by Pushpendra Singh and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The book outlines a pathway to the development of fusion of electromagnetic resonance and artificial intelligence which will dominate the world of communication engineering. Electromagnetic resonance is fundamental to all biomaterials. The authors explore the peculiarities of this typical resonance behaviour in the literatures and provide the key points where the research should direct. Biological antennas are inspiring designing of several electromagnetic devices. From biomimetic engineering to humanoid bots a revolution is undergoing. Authors include entire development in the form of a book along with their contribution to this field.
Brain Network Dysfunction In Neuropsychiatric Illness
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Author : Vaibhav A. Diwadkar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-11
Brain Network Dysfunction In Neuropsychiatric Illness written by Vaibhav A. Diwadkar and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-11 with Medical categories.
Brain network function and dysfunction is the dominant model for understanding how the brain gives rise to normal and abnormal behavior. Moreover, neuropsychiatric illnesses continue to resist attempts to reveal an understanding of their bases. Thus, this timely volume provides a synthesis of the uses of multiple analytic methods as they are applied to neuroimaging data, to seek understanding of the neurobiological bases of psychiatric illnesses, understanding that can subsequently aid in their management and treatment. A principle focus is on the analyses and application of methods to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. fMRI remains the most widely used neuroimaging technique for estimating brain network function, and several of the methods covered can estimate brain network dysfunction in resting and task-active states. Additional chapters provide details on how these methods are (and can be) applied in the understanding of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, autism, borderline personality disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A final complement of chapters provides a collective overview of how this framework continues to provoke theoretical advances in our conception of the brain in psychiatry. This unique volume is designed to be a comprehensive resource for imaging researchers interested in psychiatry, and for psychiatrists interested in advanced imaging applications.
Neurobiology Of Depression
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Author : Joao L. de Quevedo
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-01-03
Neurobiology Of Depression written by Joao L. de Quevedo and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-03 with Medical categories.
Neurobiology of Depression: Road to Novel Therapeutics synthesizes the basic neurobiology of major depressive disorder with discussions on the most recent advances in research, including the interacting pathways implicated in the pathophysiology of MDD, omics technologies, genetic approaches, and the development of novel optogenetic approaches that are changing research perspectives and revolutionizing research into depression. These basic foundational understandings on the neurobiology underlying the disorder, along with a comprehensive summary of the most recent advances in research are combined in this book to aid advanced students and researchers in their understanding of MDD. Depression is one of the most common mental-health disorders caused by a variety of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is typically treated with first-line antidepressant agents that primarily target monoamine neurotransmission. However, only approximately one-third of patients with MDD achieve remission following a trial with such an antidepressant. Furthermore, MDD is a heterogeneous phenotype, and new frameworks, such as the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) may provide a more accurate, biologically based comprehension of the symptomatic heterogeneity of this devastating illness. - Aids readers in understanding major depressive disorder in the context of NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) recommendations - Covers a range of existing and potential pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options, from lifestyle adjustments, to antidepressants and novel therapeutics - Synthesizes discussions on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying symptoms with the clinical aspects of depression
Invertebrate Learning And Memory
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Author : Randolf Menzel
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-06-18
Invertebrate Learning And Memory written by Randolf Menzel and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-18 with Psychology categories.
Understanding how memories are induced and maintained is one of the major outstanding questions in modern neuroscience. This is difficult to address in the mammalian brain due to its enormous complexity, and invertebrates offer major advantages for learning and memory studies because of their relative simplicity. Many important discoveries made in invertebrates have been found to be generally applicable to higher organisms, and the overarching theme of the proposed will be to integrate information from different levels of neural organization to help generate a complete account of learning and memory. Edited by two leaders in the field, Invertebrate Learning and Memory will offer a current and comprehensive review, with chapters authored by experts in each topic. The volume will take a multidisciplinary approach, exploring behavioral, cellular, genetic, molecular, and computational investigations of memory. Coverage will include comparative cognition at the behavioral and mechanistic level, developments in concepts and methodologies that will underlie future advancements, and mechanistic examples from the most important vertebrate systems (nematodes, molluscs, and insects). Neuroscience researchers and graduate students with an interest in the neural control of cognitive behavior will benefit, as will as will those in the field of invertebrate learning. - Presents an overview of invertebrate studies at the molecular / cellular / neural levels and correlates findings to mammalian behavioral investigations - Linking multidisciplinary approaches allows for full understanding of how molecular changes in neurons and circuits underpin behavioral plasticity - Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available - Comprehensive coverage synthesizes widely dispersed research, serving as one-stop shopping for comparative learning and memory researchers
Invertebrate Learning And Memory
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Author : Jürgen Rybak
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-06-18
Invertebrate Learning And Memory written by Jürgen Rybak and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-18 with Medical categories.
A fundamental objective in neurobiology is to understand the neuronal circuitry that underlies different aspects of behavior (sensory integration, decision making, motor control, learning, and memory formation). In invertebrates, neural circuitry is classically analyzed at the cellular level using sparse reconstruction based on single cell staining techniques (Golgi and intracellular staining) in conjunction with functional and correlative studies using immunohistology and ultrastructure analysis. These approaches led to the identification of complete circuits at the synaptic level in small invertebrates (e.g., Caenorhabditis elegans) and in small parts of the brain (e.g., fly lamina). Advances in light microscopy techniques and the use of targeted expression of neuronal and molecular markers in transgenic animals allow more elaborate circuit mapping. High-throughput techniques in electron microscopy, genetic engineering (‘brainbow’), and three-dimensional microscopy of global brain circuitry allow the establishment of the connectome and complete wiring diagrams of dense neuropils, including synaptic connections. This chapter focuses on methods for characterizing ’microcircuits’—that is, the connectome on the synaptic level.
A History Of The Brain
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Author : Andrew P. Wickens
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-12-08
A History Of The Brain written by Andrew P. Wickens and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-08 with Psychology categories.
A History of the Brain tells the full story of neuroscience, from antiquity to the present day. It describes how we have come to understand the biological nature of the brain, beginning in prehistoric times, and progressing to the twentieth century with the development of Modern Neuroscience. This is the first time a history of the brain has been written in a narrative way, emphasizing how our understanding of the brain and nervous system has developed over time, with the development of the disciplines of anatomy, pharmacology, physiology, psychology and neurosurgery. The book covers: beliefs about the brain in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome the Medieval period, Renaissance and Enlightenment the nineteenth century the most important advances in the twentieth century and future directions in neuroscience. The discoveries leading to the development of modern neuroscience gave rise to one of the most exciting and fascinating stories in the whole of science. Written for readers with no prior knowledge of the brain or history, the book will delight students, and will also be of great interest to researchers and lecturers with an interest in understanding how we have arrived at our present knowledge of the brain.