Mechanical Adaptation Of Mouse Bone To External Loads

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Mechanical Adaptation Of Mouse Bone To External Loads

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Author : Jayashanger Goundiah Ramasamy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Mechanical Adaptation Of Mouse Bone To External Loads written by Jayashanger Goundiah Ramasamy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Bone densitometry categories.

Mechanical Loading Induced Adaptation Of The Mouse Tibia

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Author : James Christopher Fritton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Mechanical Loading Induced Adaptation Of The Mouse Tibia written by James Christopher Fritton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

Skeletal Adaptation To Reduced Mechanical Loading

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Author : Rachel Eliman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Skeletal Adaptation To Reduced Mechanical Loading written by Rachel Eliman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

Bone adapts its mass and architecture in response to its mechanical environment. Yet control of this process by mechanical cues is poorly understood, particularly for unloading. Defining the fundamental mechanoregulation of bone adaptation is critical for the better understanding and mitigation of bone loss in astronauts as well as clinical conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke, muscular dystrophy, and bed rest. The overall goal of this work was to study skeletal adaptation to varying amounts of reduced loading to help delineate the relationship between mechanical stimuli and skeletal adaptation. We first examined the relative contribution of muscle and gravitational forces to the maintenance of skeletal health in mice, using botulinum toxin (BTX) to induce muscle paralysis and hindlimb unloading to eliminate external loading on the hindlimbs, alone and in combination. BTX led to greater bone loss than hindlimb unloading, while the combination of interventions led to the most detrimental effects overall, suggesting that both muscle and gravitational forces play a role in skeletal maintenance, with greater contributions from muscle forces. We then characterized skeletal adaptation to controlled reductions in mechanical loading of varying degrees employing a novel model that enables long-term exposure of mice to partial weightbearing (PWB). We found that declines in bone mass and architecture were linearly related to the degree of unloading. Even mice bearing 70% of their body weight exhibited significant bone loss, suggesting that the gravity of the moon (0.16 G) and Mars (0.38 G) will not be sufficient to prevent bone loss on future exploration missions. Finally, since bone remodeling is highly site-specific, we used gait analysis and inverse dynamics to determine the mechanical environment during PWB, and then developed a finite element model of the tibia to resolve the local strain-related stimulus proposed to drive changes in bone mass. We found modest correlations between cortical bone architecture at different PWB levels and strain energy density. Altogether this work provides a critical foundation and rationale for future studies that incorporate detailed quantification of the mechanical stimuli and longitudinal changes in bone architecture to further advance our understanding of the skeletal response to reduced loading.

Short Term Bone Adaptation Due To Mechanical Loading In Mouse Tibiae

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Author : Varun Bhatia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Short Term Bone Adaptation Due To Mechanical Loading In Mouse Tibiae written by Varun Bhatia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.

Musculoskeletal Disorders And The Workplace

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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2001-05-24

Musculoskeletal Disorders And The Workplace written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-05-24 with Business & Economics categories.

Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.

Multiscale Modeling To Tackle The Complexity Of Load Bearing Organ And Tissue Regulation

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Author : Jerome Noailly
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-03-11

Multiscale Modeling To Tackle The Complexity Of Load Bearing Organ And Tissue Regulation written by Jerome Noailly and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-11 with Science categories.

Mechanical Loading And Bone

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Author : Jonathan H. Tobias
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-01-20

Mechanical Loading And Bone written by Jonathan H. Tobias and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-20 with Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology categories.

This research topic is focused on recent advances in our understanding of effects of mechanical loading on the skeleton, and research methods used in addressing these. Though it is well established that mechanical loading provides an essential stimulus for skeletal growth and maintenance, there have been major advances recently in terms of our understanding of the molecular pathways involved, which are thought to provide novel drug targets for treating osteoporosis. The articles included in this topic encompass the full spectrum of laboratory and clinical research, and range from review articles, editorials, hypothesis papers and original research articles. Together, they demonstrate how mechanical loading underpins many aspects of bone biology, including the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis and other clinical disorders associated with skeletal fragility.

Bone Inside Out And Outside In Signals Control Of Body Homeostasis

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Author : Lilian Irene Plotkin
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-02-06

Bone Inside Out And Outside In Signals Control Of Body Homeostasis written by Lilian Irene Plotkin and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-06 with Medical categories.

Multiscale Mechanobiology Of Bone Remodeling And Adaptation

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Author : Peter Pivonka
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-06-20

Multiscale Mechanobiology Of Bone Remodeling And Adaptation written by Peter Pivonka and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-20 with Science categories.

The book presents state-of-the-art developments in multiscale modeling and latest experimental data on multiscale mechanobiology of bone remodeling and adaptation including fracture healing applications. The multiscale models include musculoskeletal models describing bone-muscle interactions during daily activities such as walking or running, micromechanical models for estimation of bone mechanical properties, bone remodeling and adaptation models, cellular models describing the complex bone-cell interactions taking into account biochemical and biomechanical regulatory factors. Also subcellular processes are covered including arrangement of actin filaments due to mechanical loading and change of receptor configurations.

Osteoporosis

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Author : Robert Marcus
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-06-13

Osteoporosis written by Robert Marcus and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-13 with Medical categories.

Now in its fourth edition, Osteoporosis is a classic reference on this disease, comprising a tremendous wealth of knowledge in a single source not found elsewhere. Written by renowned experts in the field, this two-volume work is a must-have for academic and medical libraries, physicians, researchers, and any company involved in osteoporosis research and development. This newest edition covers everything from basic anatomy and physiology to diagnosis, management and treatment in which direct care costs for osteoporotic fractures in the United States reach up to $18 billion each year. Worldwide, 200 million women ages 60 to 80 suffer from osteoporosis and have a lifetime risk of fracture between 30% and 40%, continuing to make osteoporosis a critical challenge in medicine. Recognizes the critical importance of the Wnt signaling pathway for bone health Incorporates new chapters on osteocytes, phosphatonins, mouse genetics, and CNS and bone Examines essential updates on estrogen prevention and treatment and the recent results from the WHO Discusses the controversial topics of screening and clinical trial design for drug registration Includes essential updates on therapeutic uses of calcium, vitamin D, SERMS, bisphosphonates, and parathyroid hormone Offers critical reviews of reproductive and hormonal risk factors, ethnicity, nutrition, therapeutics, management, and economics