Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation And Inflammatory Neurodegeneration In Acute Brain Injury
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Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation And Inflammatory Neurodegeneration In Acute Brain Injury
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Author : Arthur Liesz
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-11-13
Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation And Inflammatory Neurodegeneration In Acute Brain Injury written by Arthur Liesz and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-13 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.
Mechanisms of brain-immune interactions became a cutting-edge topic in systemic neurosciences over the past years. Acute lesions of the brain parenchyma, particularly, induce a profound and highly complex neuroinflammatory reaction with similar mechanistic properties between differing disease paradigms like ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Resident microglial cells sense tissue damage and initiate inflammation, activation of the endothelial brain-immune interface promotes recruitment of systemic immune cells to the brain and systemic humoral immune mediators (e.g. complements and cytokines) enter the brain through the damaged blood-brain barrier. These cellular and humoral constituents of the neuroinflammatory reaction to brain injury contribute substantially to secondary brain damage and neurodegeneration. Diverse inflammatory cascades such as pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion of invading leukocytes and direct cell-cell-contact cytotoxicity between lymphocytes and neurons have been demonstrated to mediate the inflammatory ‘collateral damage’ in models of acute brain injury. Besides mediating neuronal cell loss and degeneration, secondary inflammatory mechanisms also contribute to functional modulation of neurons and the impact of post-lesional neuroinflammation can even be detected on the behavioral level. The contribution of several specific immune cell subpopulations to the complex orchestration of secondary neuroinflammation has been revealed just recently. However, the differential vulnerability of specific neuronal cell types and the molecular mechanisms of inflammatory neurodegeneration are still elusive. Furthermore, we are only on the verge of characterizing the control of long-term recovery and neuronal plasticity after brain damage by inflammatory pathways. Yet, a more detailed but also comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted interaction of these two supersystems is of direct translational relevance. Immunotherapeutic strategies currently shift to the center of translational research in acute CNS lesion since all clinical trials investigating direct neuroprotective therapies failed. To advance our knowledge on brain-immune communications after brain damage an interdisciplinary approach covered by cellular neuroscience as well as neuroimmunology, brain imaging and behavioral sciences is crucial to thoroughly depict the intricate mechanisms.
Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation
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Author : Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2017-08-23
Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation written by Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-23 with Medical categories.
"Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation" book explains how the neuronal cells become swollen at the moment of the blood-brain barrier disruption and how they lose their immunological isolation. A cascade of cytokines and immune cells from the bloodstream enters the nervous system, inflaming neurons and activating the glia. This produces a neuroinflammatory process that can generate different neurodegenerative diseases. Better understanding of mechanisms that are activated at the time when the damage to the brain occurs could lead to the development of suitable therapies that revert the neuronal inflammation and thus prevent further damage to the nervous system.
Neuroinflammation
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Author : Paul L. Wood
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1997-10-24
Neuroinflammation written by Paul L. Wood and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-10-24 with Medical categories.
An unprecedented review of our current knowledge of the neuroinflammatory mediators and cells involved in neurodegenerative diseases. Beginning with a detailed review of our current concepts of which biochemical mediators are involved in neuronal loss and the mechanisms of cell death, the distinguished contributors critically examine those areas of current research involved in the design of specific pharmacological agents to inhibit at defined points in the neuroinflammatory cascade. They also address the molecular, cellular, and disease model actions of first-generation agents, as well as the potential clinical relevance to AIDS-related dementia, Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Down's syndrome, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke.
Immunological Mechanisms And Therapies In Brain Injuries And Stroke
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Author : Jun Chen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-09
Immunological Mechanisms And Therapies In Brain Injuries And Stroke written by Jun Chen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-09 with Medical categories.
Recent research has revealed the importance of immunological mechanisms and inflammation in delaying damage and/or promoting repair after an acute injury to the central nervous system. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the role of immunological mechanisms and therapies for treating acute neurological injuries such as cerebral ischemia, hemorrhage, and brain and spinal cord trauma. In several sections, the contributing authors provide a review of immunological mechanisms involved in neurological injury and of various translational and clinical research aimed at harnessing those mechanisms for better patient outcomes.
Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 19??
Mechanisms Of Neuroinflammation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 19?? with categories.
Neuroinflammation And Its Resolution From Molecular Mechanisms To Therapeutic Perspectives
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Author : Morena Zusso
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-07-14
Neuroinflammation And Its Resolution From Molecular Mechanisms To Therapeutic Perspectives written by Morena Zusso and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-14 with categories.
Neuroinflammation And Neurodegeneration
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Author : Phillip K. Peterson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-07-08
Neuroinflammation And Neurodegeneration written by Phillip K. Peterson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-08 with Medical categories.
State of the art reviews by experts in the fields of neuroscience, immunology, microbiology/infectious diseases and pharmacology addressing the convergence of the immune system (neuroinflammation) and the loss of neurons (neurodegeneration). Many of the diseases that are discussed in the book are of epidemic proportion, e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, viral encephalitides and substance abuse. In addition to discussions of the involvement of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in these disorders, scientific reviews are presented on the cells and mediators that participate in defense of and damage to the nervous system. With rare exception, no or inadequate treatment exists for the diseases discussed in this book. An underlying premise of the book is that understanding of their shared pathogenic mechanisms will lead to improved therapies. Given the rapid evolution of the field of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, readers will find this book to be the most timely and authoritative reference on the subject of each of its chapters.
Neuroinflammation In Traumatic Brain Injury
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Author : Grace Y. Kuo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Neuroinflammation In Traumatic Brain Injury written by Grace Y. Kuo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Medical categories.
Neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of secondary brain injury that perpetuates the duration and scope of disease after initial impact. This chapter discusses the pathophysiology of acute and chronic neuroinflammation, providing insight into factors that influence the acute clinical course and later functional outcomes. Secondary injury due to neuroinflammation is described by mechanisms of action such as ischemia, neuroexcitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and glymphatic and lymphatic dysfunction. Neurodegenerative sequelae of inflammation, including chronic traumatic encephalopathy, which are important to understand for clinical practice, are detailed by disease type. Prominent research topics of TBI animal models and biomarkers of traumatic neuroinflammation are outlined to provide insight into the advances in TBI research. We then discuss current clinical treatments in TBI and their implications in preventing inflammation. To complete the chapter, recent research models, novel biomarkers, and future research directions aimed at mitigating TBI will be described and will highlight novel therapeutic targets. Understanding the pathophysiology and contributors of neuroinflammation after TBI will aid in future development of prophylaxis strategies, as well as more tailored management and treatment algorithms. This topic chapter is important to both clinicians and basic and translational scientists, with the goal of improving patient outcomes in this common disease.
Targeting Neuroinflammation In Central Nervous System Disorders Uncovering Mechanisms Pharmacological Targets And Neuropharmaceutical Developments
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Author : Mariela Fernanda Perez
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-20
Targeting Neuroinflammation In Central Nervous System Disorders Uncovering Mechanisms Pharmacological Targets And Neuropharmaceutical Developments written by Mariela Fernanda Perez and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-20 with Science categories.
Biomarkers Of Neuroinflammation
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2018-02-16
Biomarkers Of Neuroinflammation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-16 with Medical categories.
Neuroinflammation is a burgeoning area of interest in academia and biopharma, with a broadly acknowledged role in many central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, there is little agreement on the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the manifestations of neuroinflammation in the CNS compartment and how neuroinflammation operates as a driver and also as a consequence of disease in the brain. Moreover, another unclear area is how to translate increased understanding of the mechanisms that underlie neuroinflammation and its manifestations in the CNS to therapeutics. To address these gaps in understanding mechanisms and how to translate that understanding into therapeutics, the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on March 20-21, 2017, bringing together key leaders in the field from industry, academia, and governmental agencies to explore the role and mechanisms of neuroinflammation in a variety of CNS diseases. The workshop also considered strategies to advance the identification and validation of biomarkers of neuroinflammation that could accelerate development of therapies, bringing much-needed treatments to patients with disorders ranging from neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) to neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.