Models Of Vascular Injury And The Potential Therapeutic Benefits Of Magnesium Supplementation
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Models Of Vascular Injury And The Potential Therapeutic Benefits Of Magnesium Supplementation
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Author : Robert G. Wallace
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Models Of Vascular Injury And The Potential Therapeutic Benefits Of Magnesium Supplementation written by Robert G. Wallace and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Epigenetic modification, the accumulation of distinct chemical signatures on DNA and histones, are initially established during embryogenesis and continue to be modified by age and lifestyle choices throughout life. Expression of non-coding RNA, such as microRNA (miRNA), play a regulatory role in gene expression as well as epigenetic mechanisms. Blood vessels are readily capable of re-modelling their structures in response to hemodynamic prompts associated with variations in blood flow. Injurious oscillatory shear stress (OSS) associated with atherosclerosis, in particular, is believed to exert a damaging influence on the health and epigenetic processes of the vascular endothelium. Vascular inflammation is a key contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), with inflammation and CVD risk factors closely inter- related. Atherosclerosis, the most common of the vascular inflammatory diseases, is defined as chronic, specifically affecting arterial blood vessels, and caused by dynamic dysfunction of endothelium. For the initial part of this work, we employed an endothelial cell model of OSS to investigate the relationship between miRNA expression and epigenetic mechanisms during an atherosclerotic challenge. Our results show that human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) exhibit a clear epigenetic response to OSS in a time-dependent manner, most pronounced at 48 h. Using our established OSS model, we next examined the anti-inflammatory response of the endothelium to a magnesium-based seawater extract in comparison to other forms of magnesium. Nutritional magnesium supplementation may act beneficially through epigenetic mechanisms, as well as traditional cellular and molecular pathways. In parallel with this, a human trial to assess the beneficial effects of a magnesium-based supplement mixture on vascular competence was conducted. Our results indicate that magnesium elicits beneficial effects on platelets and the vascular compartment through reduced platelet adhesion and aggregation. We finally investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium supplementation on an in vitro dermal burn model, which included examining the ability of magnesium to improve the angiogenic and migratory potential of endothelial cells, an essential feature of the wound healing process. Our results indicate that magnesium constitutes an important molecular constituent in this process, leading to amplified expression of a number of wound healing mechanisms and increasing response at a cellular level. As such, the inclusion of magnesium as a therapeutic aid in the stabilisation of burn injuries is a warranted addition.
Magnesium In Human Health And Disease
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Author : Ronald Ross Watson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-14
Magnesium In Human Health And Disease written by Ronald Ross Watson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-14 with Medical categories.
Magnesium is an essential mineral which is required for growth and survival of humans. Since magnesium is a mineral and not synthesizable it must be obtained through dietary foods and/or supplements. Magnesium in Human Health and Disease reviews the benefits of magnesium supplementation to reach recommended intakes as well as provides new research that suggests how reaching levels above the recommended intakes can promote health and treat various diseases. Magnesium deficiency can cause low serum potassium and calcium levels, retention of sodium, and low circulating levels of regulatory hormones. These changes in nutrients cause neurological and muscular symptoms such as tremor and muscle spasms. Further magnesium deficiency causes loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, personality changes and death from heart failure. Causes of magnesium deficiency include alcohol abuse, poorly controlled diabetes, excessive or chronic vomiting and/or diarrhea. Thus the effects of inadequate and deficient intakes or levels of magnesium is critical to health and are reviewed by the expert clinicians in this book. Magnesium in Human Health and Disease provides the most current research to support the potential benefits or lack thereof for normal and high supplementation with magnesium. Animal model research and early human trials are reviewed to document other disease states such as hypertension, cholesterol level, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease that would benefit from increased magnesium.
Magnesium In The Central Nervous System
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Author : Robert Vink
language : en
Publisher: University of Adelaide Press
Release Date : 2011
Magnesium In The Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and has been published by University of Adelaide Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Medical categories.
The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Nutrition And Traumatic Brain Injury
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-07-01
Nutrition And Traumatic Brain Injury written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-01 with Medical categories.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.
Honolulu Heart Program
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Author : Abraham Kagan
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1996-08-01
Honolulu Heart Program written by Abraham Kagan and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-08-01 with Medical categories.
The Director of this study, Abraham Kagan, has comprehensively summarized the design and main finndings of the study in this book. The Honolulu Heart Program compared and contrasted ethnic Japanese men living in different cultural environments--Honolulu and mainland Japan--assessed their relative risk factors. The study supported many of the existing views on risk factors but also showed suprising trends. One of the trends shows moderate alcohol consumption is a preventative factor. In recent years the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases have become common knowledge. The recently completed Honolulu Heart Program is the largest targeted study to evaluate scientifically such risk factors.
Herbal Medicine
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Author : Iris F. F. Benzie
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-03-28
Herbal Medicine written by Iris F. F. Benzie and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-28 with Health & Fitness categories.
The global popularity of herbal supplements and the promise they hold in treating various disease states has caused an unprecedented interest in understanding the molecular basis of the biological activity of traditional remedies. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects focuses on presenting current scientific evidence of biomolecular ef
Caffeine In Food And Dietary Supplements
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Author : Leslie A. Pray
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Caffeine In Food And Dietary Supplements written by Leslie A. Pray and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Health & Fitness categories.
Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine in August 2013 to review the available science on safe levels of caffeine consumption in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements and to identify data gaps. Scientists with expertise in food safety, nutrition, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology, and related disciplines; medical professionals with pediatric and adult patient experience in cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry; public health professionals; food industry representatives; regulatory experts; and consumer advocates discussed the safety of caffeine in food and dietary supplements, including, but not limited to, caffeinated beverage products, and identified data gaps. Caffeine, a central nervous stimulant, is arguably the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. Occurring naturally in more than 60 plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cocoa pods, caffeine has been part of innumerable cultures for centuries. But the caffeine-in-food landscape is changing. There are an array of new caffeine-containing energy products, from waffles to sunflower seeds, jelly beans to syrup, even bottled water, entering the marketplace. Years of scientific research have shown that moderate consumption by healthy adults of products containing naturally-occurring caffeine is not associated with adverse health effects. The changing caffeine landscape raises concerns about safety and whether any of these new products might be targeting populations not normally associated with caffeine consumption, namely children and adolescents, and whether caffeine poses a greater health risk to those populations than it does for healthy adults. This report delineates vulnerable populations who may be at risk from caffeine exposure; describes caffeine exposure and risk of cardiovascular and other health effects on vulnerable populations, including additive effects with other ingredients and effects related to pre-existing conditions; explores safe caffeine exposure levels for general and vulnerable populations; and identifies data gaps on caffeine stimulant effects.
Cardiovascular Calcification
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Author : Michael Henein
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2022-09-22
Cardiovascular Calcification written by Michael Henein and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-22 with Medical categories.
The book systematically describes the clinical and scientific aspects of cardiovascular calcification. Chapters detail the mechanisms associated with arterial and valve calcification, relevant risk factors, pathophysiology and the latest therapeutic techniques. Recent diagnostic technological developments including how computed tomography (CT) scanning can be utilized along with Agatston score to quantify coronary arterial calcification when investigating whether a patient for sub-clinical atherosclerosis are covered. The correlation with the presence of arterial calcification and extent of coronary stenosis is also explored. Cardiovasular Calcification details relevant aspects of the basic science and reviews the latest pathological and therapeutic techniques used in treating patients with cardiovascular calcification. It is therefore an essential resource for practicing cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, vascular specialists and radiologists.
Endocrine Modulators Of Neurological Processes Potential Treatment Targets Of Pediatric Neurological Diseases
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Author : Hong Ni
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-03-26
Endocrine Modulators Of Neurological Processes Potential Treatment Targets Of Pediatric Neurological Diseases written by Hong Ni and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-26 with Science categories.
Recent Advances In Dialysis Therapy In Japan
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Author : H. Nakamoto
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2018-07-24
Recent Advances In Dialysis Therapy In Japan written by H. Nakamoto and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-24 with Medical categories.
The number of dialysis patients, and their ages, continues to increase globally. This creates major issues such as rising medical costs in an aging population, how to best manage end-of-life care, and how to train the various practitioners involved in dialysis care. After the US and China, Japan occupies 3rd place with regard to the number of dialysis patients and is also widely regarded as a world leader in dialysis. This book contains selected articles – organized into 4 chapters - that discuss recent advances in dialysis therapy in Japan. Chapter 1 presents insights into causes, risk factors, disease associations, and possible implications for management of dialysis patients. Chapter 2 examines recent progress in hemodialysis treatment, and chapter 3 focuses on developments in peritoneal dialysis. The final chapter concentrates on recent advances in apheresis and current trends in practice, among other topics. This book is aimed at nephrologists, physicians, urologists, nurses, clinical engineers, pharmacists, and nutritionists. It is a significant contribution to furthering the progress of dialysis therapy worldwide.