Neural Mechanisms Of Position Perception
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Neural Mechanisms Of Position Perception
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Author : Jessica Wright
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Neural Mechanisms Of Position Perception written by Jessica Wright and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Visual perception categories.
Visual perception is a reconstruction of the physical visual aspects of the world and subject to various biases, assumptions and noise. One aspect of visual perception is visuospatial localization. Although visual localization is typically accurate, there are various situations where healthy human subjects mislocalize objects, as well as, neurological disorders that alter visual localization behavior. These situations result in differences between the perceived and actual position of an object. These perceptual errors are useful to explore the limitations of visuospatial object localization and provide information on the underlying neural mechanisms of position perception. In particular, the following studies investigated how the brain integrates visual information across a spatially extended stimulus and ultimately results in a final percept of position. This project utilized behavioral and fMRI studies combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in healthy human subjects. These methods allowed us to quantify behavioral errors in localization and examine changes in the BOLD signal (as an indirect measure of changes in neural activity) in potential neural correlates of position perception. In Aim 1 we show that factors such as retinal eccentricity and attentional cues bias localization behavior via alterations of the contribution of specific object components in the integration process. Aim 2 shows that tDCS over posterior parietal cortex (PPC) yields mislocalizations that are consistent with predictions from the interhemispheric competition theory (ICT) of attention. This supports the causal role of PPC in visual spatial localization. Aim 3 extends the results from Aim 2 to show that the BOLD signal changes in PPC predict localization behavior. In addition to novel insights related to position perception, these experiments provide insight into the effects of tDCS on behavior and the interaction of tDCS with the BOLD signal. This work begins to answer how different factors influence position perception and the role of different cortical regions in position perception. This research also has implications for rehabilitation programs for patients with various visual neurological disorders that alter spatial perception.
Neural Mechanisms In Perception
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Author : Jerome Seymour Bruner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960
Neural Mechanisms In Perception written by Jerome Seymour Bruner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with categories.
Head Direction Cells And The Neural Mechanisms Of Spatial Orientation
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Author : Sidney I. Wiener
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2005-07-29
Head Direction Cells And The Neural Mechanisms Of Spatial Orientation written by Sidney I. Wiener and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-07-29 with Medical categories.
A comprehensive examination of head-direction signals and their importance in explaining orienting and navigation behaviors. Head direction cells—neurons that fire only when an animal orients its head in a certain direction—are found in several different brain areas, with different neurons selective for different head orientations; they are influenced by landmarks as well as motor and vestibular information concerning how the head moves through space. These properties suggest that head direction cells play an important role in determining orientation in space and in navigation. Moreover, the prominence, strength, and clarity of head direction signals indicate their importance over the course of evolution and suggest that they can serve as a vital key for understanding brain function. This book presents the latest findings on head direction cells in a comprehensive treatment that will be a valuable reference for students and researchers in the cognitive sciences, neuroscience, computational science, and robotics. The book begins by presenting head direction cell properties and an anatomical framework of the head direction system. It then looks at the types of sensory and motor information that control head direction cell firing, covering topics including the integration of diverse signals; the relationship between head direction cell activity and an animal's spatial behavior; and spatial and directional orientation in nonhuman primates and humans. The book concludes with a tutorial demonstrating the implementation of the continuous attractor network, a computational model of head direction cells, and an application of this approach for a navigational system for mobile robots.
Unconscious Memory Representations In Perception
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Author : István Czigler
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2010
Unconscious Memory Representations In Perception written by István Czigler and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Psychology categories.
Perceptual experience emerges from neural computations. "Unconscious Memory Representations in Perception "focuses on the role of implicit (non-conscious) memories in processing sensory information. Making sense of the wealth of information arriving at our senses requires implicit memories, which represent environmental regularities, contingencies of the sensory input, as well as general contextual knowledge. Recent findings and theories in cognitive and computational neuroscience provided new insights into the structure and contents of implicit memory representations. The chapters of this book examine implicit memories both in relatively simple situations, such as perceiving auditory and visual objects, as well as in high?level cognitive functions, such as speech and music perception and aesthetic experience. By nature, implicit memories cannot be directly studied with behavioral methods. Therefore, a large part of the evidence reviewed was obtained in neuroscientific studies. Readers with limited experience in neuroscience will find information about the most commonly used techniques in the appendix of this volume. (Series B)
Concepts And Mechanisms Of Perception
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Author : Richard Langton Gregory
language : en
Publisher: London : Duckworth
Release Date : 1974
Concepts And Mechanisms Of Perception written by Richard Langton Gregory and has been published by London : Duckworth this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Psychology categories.
Taking A Hands On Approach Current Perspectives On The Effect Of Hand Position On Vision
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Author : Philip Tseng
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-10-05
Taking A Hands On Approach Current Perspectives On The Effect Of Hand Position On Vision written by Philip Tseng and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-05 with Psychology categories.
An exciting new line of research that investigates the impact of one’s own hands on visual processing has flourished in the past several years. Specifically, several studies have demonstrated that objects near the hands receive prioritized attention, enhanced perceptual sensitivity, altered figure-ground assignment, prolonged and detail-oriented processing, and improved visual working memory. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the visual system reveals a new pattern of processing when one's hands are in proximity of viewed objects. Therefore, the vast majority of studies on visual processing, in which one's hands are kept away from the stimuli, may constitute but one side of a more complex story of the inner workings of the visual system. With several consistent behavioral demonstrations of hand-altered vision now in the literature, the present challenge facing this growing field, and the aim of this Research Topic, is four-pronged: 1) Isolate and elucidate the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms of hand-altered vision; 2) Map the parameters and conditions of hand-nearness that permit/prevent the onset or maintenance of hand-altered vision; 3) Determine the consequences of hand-altered vision for higher-level cognition and assess its applied potential (e.g., as a neuropsychological intervention); and, 4) Present a cohesive and predictive theoretical account of hand-altered vision. We welcome submissions that fit into any one (or a combination) of the above domains. For behavioral research, we particularly encourage submissions that are relevant to the advancement of our understanding of the neural mechanisms of hand-altered vision (e.g., demonstrations that might corroborate or disconfirm proposed neural systems).
Neural Mechanisms Of Goal Directed Behavior And Learning
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Author : Richard B. Thompson
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Neural Mechanisms Of Goal Directed Behavior And Learning written by Richard B. Thompson and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Neural Mechanisms of Goal-Directed Behavior and Learning provides information pertinent to the neuronal mechanisms of motivation and learning. This book focuses on the theoretical frameworks within which researchers analyze specific problems. Organized into six parts encompassing 39 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the problem of goal-directed behavior that occupies a central position in psychology. This text then examines the behavioral investigations that are directed at delineating the role of contiguity and determining the possible mechanisms of reinforcement in classical defense and reward conditioning. Other chapters consider the homeostatic regulation of various functions, such as nutrition, temperature, respiration, blood pressure, and fluid and electrolyte balance. This book discusses as well the effects of experimental treatments on memory. The final chapter deals with the relationship between perception and memory. This book is a valuable resource for psychologists and scientists. Graduate students in behavioral neuroscience will also find this book useful.
Neural Mechanisms Of Binocular Motion In Depth Perception
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Author : Milena Kaestner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Neural Mechanisms Of Binocular Motion In Depth Perception written by Milena Kaestner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The Brain S Sense Of Movement
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Author : Alain Berthoz
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2002-09-30
The Brain S Sense Of Movement written by Alain Berthoz and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-30 with Medical categories.
The neuroscientist Alain Berthoz experimented on Russian astronauts in space to answer these questions: How does weightlessness affect motion? How are motion and three-dimensional space perceived? In this erudite and witty book, Berthoz describes how human beings on earth perceive and control bodily movement. Reviewing a wealth of research in neurophysiology and experimental psychology, he argues for a rethinking of the traditional separation between action and perception, and for the division of perception into five senses. In Berthoz’s view, perception and cognition are inherently predictive, functioning to allow us to anticipate the consequences of current or potential actions. The brain acts like a simulator that is constantly inventing models to project onto the changing world, models that are corrected by steady, minute feedback from the world. We move in the direction we are looking, anticipate the trajectory of a falling ball, recover when we stumble, and continually update our own physical position, all thanks to this sense of movement. This interpretation of perception and action allows Berthoz, in The Brain’s Sense of Movement, to focus on psychological phenomena largely ignored in standard texts: proprioception and kinaesthesis, the mechanisms that maintain balance and coordinate actions, and basic perceptual and memory processes involved in navigation.
Research In The Neural Mechanisms Underlying Perception
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Author : DAVID M. VOWLES
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Research In The Neural Mechanisms Underlying Perception written by DAVID M. VOWLES and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with categories.