Neuron Intrinsic Limitations To Axon Regeneration In The Developing Spinal Cord
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Neuron Intrinsic Limitations To Axon Regeneration In The Developing Spinal Cord
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Author : Murray Blackmore
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Neuron Intrinsic Limitations To Axon Regeneration In The Developing Spinal Cord written by Murray Blackmore and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Axons categories.
Mechanisms Of Axonal Regeneration In The Central Nervous System
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Author : Gunnar Heiko Dirk Poplawski
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Mechanisms Of Axonal Regeneration In The Central Nervous System written by Gunnar Heiko Dirk Poplawski and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
The regenerative capacity of central nervous system (CNS) axons after injury is severely impaired compared to axons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). We hypothesized that mechanisms both intrinsic and extrinsic to the neuron influence the ability of CNS axons to regenerate. To investigate this hypothesis we explored two model systems. In the first model system, we identified a regeneration transcriptome in injured corticospinal motor neurons that is associated with enhanced central axon regeneration after spinal cord injury. The genetic mechanisms identified in this model include cAMP-Erk-CREB, Huntingtin, NFE2L2, ephrin and semaphorin signaling, and provide a dataset for potential therapeutic intervention to improve axonal regeneration in vivo after spinal cord injury. In the second model, we tested the hypothesis that glial cells of the peripheral nerve, Schwann cells, are an essential mechanism contributing to central axonal regeneration after "conditioning" lesions, wherein injury to the peripheral branch of a dorsal root ganglion sensory neuron enhances regeneration of the central branch of the sensory neuron. The gene encoding Low-density lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein-1 (LRP1) was conditionally deleted in Schwann cells, impairing the survival and function of Schwann cells after injury; animals with Schwann cell-specific deletion of LRP1 exhibited a significant reduction in axon regeneration in vitro and a trend towards central sensory axon regeneration after conditioning lesions, confirming that glial cells exhibit an essential but partial role in supporting axonal regeneration. Overall, these studies identify novel molecular and cellular mechanisms that influence central axon regeneration, and suggest therapeutic approaches to improve neural repair after CNS injury.
Cns Regeneration
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Author : Jeffrey Kordower
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2011-04-28
Cns Regeneration written by Jeffrey Kordower and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-28 with Medical categories.
This second edition of CNS Regeneration updates the burgeoning field of regeneration in the Central Nervous System (CNS) from molecular, systems, and disease-based perspective. While the book covers numerous areas in detail, special emphasis is given to discussions of movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and spinal cord injury. Incorporates information gained from cutting-edge photomicroscopy techniques Includes current information on clinical trials Presents chapters on stem cells and other novel treatments for diseases of the CNS
Degeneration And Regeneration In The Nervous System
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Author : Norman Saunders
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-09-02
Degeneration And Regeneration In The Nervous System written by Norman Saunders and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-02 with Medical categories.
Degeneration and Regeneration in the Nervous System brings together an international team of contributors to produce a series of critical reviews appraising key papers in the field. The pace of research on brain and spinal cord injury quickened considerably in the last ten years and there is much that is new and important that is covered in this book. However, there is still a long way to go before our knowledge will explain fully why the central nervous system has such a limited capacity for regeneration, and before experimental solutions can be applied to the patient. With emphasis on actual and therapeutic importance of the work reviewed, Degeneration and Regeneration in the Nervous System is a useful overview for graduate students, their teachers and researchers working in this field.
Axon Growth And Regeneration Part 1
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012-12-31
Axon Growth And Regeneration Part 1 written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-31 with Science categories.
Published since 1959, International Review of Neurobiology is a well-known series appealing to neuroscientists, clinicians, psychologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists. Led by an internationally renowned editorial board, this important serial publishes both eclectic volumes made up of timely reviews and thematic volumes that focus on recent progress in a specific area of neurobiology research. This volume reviews existing theories and current research surrounding Axon Growth and Regeneration. Leading authors review state-of-the-art in their field of investigation and provide their views and perspectives for future research Chapters are extensively referenced to provide readers with a comprehensive list of resources on the topics covered All chapters include comprehensive background information and are written in a clear form that is also accessible to the non-specialist
Cajal S Degeneration And Regeneration Of The Nervous System
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Author : Santiago Ramón y Cajal
language : en
Publisher: History of Neuroscience
Release Date : 1991
Cajal S Degeneration And Regeneration Of The Nervous System written by Santiago Ramón y Cajal and has been published by History of Neuroscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Nervous system categories.
This book is a reprint of an English translation of Cajal's original work, with abundant notes and commentaries by the editor. This text describes Cajal's fundamental contributions to neuroscience, which continue to be important today. It accurately details Cajal's ideas and data, and providesreaders with the opportunity to learn what Cajal thought about his research career and the significance of his observations. Excerpts from Tello's memorial lectures also provide a contemporary view of Cajal's work.
Epigenetics And Regeneration
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-05-24
Epigenetics And Regeneration written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-24 with Science categories.
Epigenetics and Regeneration compiles the first foundational reference on epigenetic mechanisms governing tissue development, repair, homeostasis, and regeneration, as well as pathways to employ these mechanisms in clinical practice and translational science. In this book, life science researchers, clinicians, and students will discover an interdisciplinary resource bringing together common themes in the field, background overviews, research methods, recent advances, and opportunities for drug discovery. Throughout this volume, special attention is paid to pre-clinical and first clinical studies aimed at increasing the regenerative potential of damaged tissues by epigenetic drugs, as well as innovative, discipline spanning strategies to enhance cell reprogramming. As an all-inclusive, evidence-based volume, Epigenetics and Regeneration will stimulate discussion and boost new research in this fascinating and impactful area of translational epigenetics. Provides a foundational overview of epigenetics in regenerative medicine Examines epigenetic components of tissue regeneration for a variety of organ systems and tissue types, as well as current attempts to employ these mechanisms in clinical practice Offers researchers, students, clinicians, and pharmacologists the tools they need to enhance tissue development, repair, homeostasis, and regeneration and explore new epigenetic therapeutic pathways Features chapter contributions from leading international researchers and clinicians in the fields of epigenetics and regenerative medicine
Axonal Regeneration In The Central Nervous System
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Author : Nicholas A Ingoglia
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-09-29
Axonal Regeneration In The Central Nervous System written by Nicholas A Ingoglia and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-09-29 with Medical categories.
Summarizing a review of research into factors that regulate, stimulate, and prevent regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS), this comprehensive reference progresses further into answering and resolving neuron capacity for axon regeneration in the mammalian CNS. Axonal Regeneration in the Central Nervous System analyzes axonal regeneration, reinnervation, and functional recovery in lower vertebrates examines the correlation between developmental age and the ability to regenerate considers mammalian neuron responses at the cell body, site of injury, and in the distal nerve, including apoptic cell death, and inflammatory and glial responses to injury reviews genomic responses to axotomy with a comparative description of transcribed genes from successfully regenerating neurons and neurons incapable of regrowth discusses how growing axons may induce the expression of genes in glia/Schwann cells following axotomy and regeneration describes the use of gene therapy to deliver trophic and survival factors to injured neurons explores the hospitable environments of the peripheral nerve, olfactory ensheathing cells, and fetal cell transplants for regeneration discusses results from applications of fetal CNS tissue to human spinal cord injuries and much more!
Activating Neuron Intrinsic Growth Pathways To Promote Spinal Cord Regeneration After Dorsal Root Injury
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Author : Meredith Ann Manire
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Activating Neuron Intrinsic Growth Pathways To Promote Spinal Cord Regeneration After Dorsal Root Injury written by Meredith Ann Manire and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Primary sensory axons fail to regenerate into the spinal cord following dorsal root injury leading to permanent sensory deficits. Re-entry is prevented at the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ), the CNS-PNS interface. Current approaches for promoting DR regeneration across the DREZ have had some success, but sustained, long-distance regeneration, particularly of large-diameter myelinated axons, still remains a formidable challenge. Our lab has previously shown that induced expression of constitutively active B-RAF (kaBRAF) enhanced the regenerative competence of injured DRG neurons in adult mice. In this study, I investigated whether robust intraspinal regeneration can be achieved by selective expression of kaBRAF alone or in combination with deletion of the myelin-associated inhibitors or neuron-intrinsic growth suppressors (PTEN or SOCS3). To this end, I used LSL-kaBRAF: brn3a-CreERT2 transgenic mice in which kaBRAF can be induced selectively in sensory neurons. I have also bred LSL-kaBRAF: brn3a-CreERT2 mice with triple knock-out mice lacking Nogo, Mag and OMgp or mouse lines carrying floxed alleles of PTEN or SOCS3. Single, double, and triple conditional mice were subjected to cervical DR crush and AAV2-eGFP vectors were used to selectively label regenerating axons of large-diameter neurons. I compared the extent of regeneration at 3 weeks or 2 months after DR injury using conventional anatomical and behavioral analyses. I found that kaBRAF alone promoted axon regeneration across the DREZ but did not produce significant functional recovery by two months. Supplementary deletion of Nogo, MAG, and OMgp did not improve kaBRAF-induced regeneration. Deletion of PTEN or SOCS3 individually or in combination failed to promote axon regeneration across the DREZ. In marked contrast, simultaneous deletion of PTEN, but not SOCS3, dramatically enhanced kaBRAF-mediated regeneration enabling many more axons to penetrate the DREZ and grow deep into the spinal cord. This study shows that dual activation of BRAF-MEK-ERK and PI3K-Akt signaling is an effective strategy to stimulate robust intraspinal DR regeneration and may lead to recovery of sensory function after DR injury.
Mechanisms Of Regeneration
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-02-07
Mechanisms Of Regeneration written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-07 with Science categories.
This new volume of Current Topics in Developmental Biology covers the area of mechanisms in regeneration. With an international board of authors, it provides a comprehensive set of reviews covering such topics as control of growth during regeneration, skeletal muscle degeneration and regeneration in mammals and flies, and suppression of regeneration in mammals. Covers the area of mechanisms in regeneration International board of authors Provides a comprehensive set of reviews