Nonequilibrium Dynamics Of Collective Excitations In Quantum Materials
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Nonequilibrium Dynamics Of Collective Excitations In Quantum Materials
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Author : Edoardo Baldini
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-28
Nonequilibrium Dynamics Of Collective Excitations In Quantum Materials written by Edoardo Baldini and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy. Collective behaviour in solids lies at the origin of several cooperative phenomena that can lead to profound transformations, instabilities and phase transitions. Revealing the dynamics of collective excitations is a topic of pivotal importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, as it provides information on the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlation. The experimental framework explored in this book relies on setting a material out-of-equilibrium by an ultrashort laser pulse and monitoring the photo-induced changes in its optical properties over a broad spectral region in the visible or deep-ultraviolet. Collective excitations (e.g. plasmons, excitons, phonons...) emerge either in the frequency domain as spectral features across the probed range, or in the time domain as coherent modes triggered by the pump pulse. Mapping the temporal evolution of these collective excitations provides access to the hierarchy of low-energy phenomena occurring in the solid during its path towards thermodynamic equilibrium. This methodology is used to investigate a number of strongly interacting and correlated materials with an increasing degree of internal complexity beyond conventional band theory.
Emergent States In Photoinduced Charge Density Wave Transitions
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Author : Alfred Zong
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-17
Emergent States In Photoinduced Charge Density Wave Transitions written by Alfred Zong and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-17 with Science categories.
This book advances understanding of light-induced phase transitions and nonequilibrium orders that occur in a broken-symmetry system. Upon excitation with an intense laser pulse, materials can undergo a nonthermal transition through pathways different from those in equilibrium. The mechanism underlying these photoinduced phase transitions has long been researched, but many details in this ultrafast, non-adiabatic regime still remain to be clarified. The work in this book reveals new insights into this phenomena via investigation of photoinduced melting and recovery of charge density waves (CDWs). Using several time-resolved diffraction and spectroscopic techniques, the author shows that the light-induced melting of a CDW is characterized by dynamical slowing-down, while the restoration of the symmetry-breaking order features two distinct timescales: A fast recovery of the CDW amplitude is followed by a slower re-establishment of phase coherence, the latter of which is dictated by the presence of topological defects in the CDW. Furthermore, after the suppression of the original CDW by photoexcitation, a different, competing CDW transiently emerges, illustrating how a hidden order in equilibrium can be unleashed by a laser pulse. These insights into CDW systems may be carried over to other broken-symmetry states, such as superconductivity and magnetic ordering, bringing us one step closer towards manipulating phases of matter using a laser pulse.
Quantum Gases Finite Temperature And Non Equilibrium Dynamics
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Author : Nick P Proukakis
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013-02-21
Quantum Gases Finite Temperature And Non Equilibrium Dynamics written by Nick P Proukakis and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-21 with Science categories.
The 1995 observation of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic vapours spawned the field of ultracold, degenerate quantum gases. Unprecedented developments in experimental design and precision control have led to quantum gases becoming the preferred playground for designer quantum many-body systems.This self-contained volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics. Thematically organised chapters on different methodologies, contributed by key researchers using a unified notation, provide the first integrated view of the relative merits of individual approaches, aided by pertinent introductory chapters and the guidance of editorial notes.Both graduate students and established researchers wishing to understand the state of the art will greatly benefit from this comprehensive and up-to-date review of non-equilibrium and finite temperature techniques in the exciting and expanding field of quantum gases and liquids./a
Ultrafast Electronic And Structural Dynamics
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Author : Kiyoshi Ueda
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-07-23
Ultrafast Electronic And Structural Dynamics written by Kiyoshi Ueda and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-23 with Science categories.
This book illustrates advanced technologies for imaging electrons and atoms in action in various forms of matter, from atoms and diatoms to protein molecules and condensed matter. The technologies that are described employ ultrafast pulsed lasers, X-ray free electron lasers, and pulsed electron guns, with pulse durations from femtoseconds, suitable to visualize atoms in action, to attoseconds, needed to visualize ballistic electron motion. Advanced theories, indispensable for understanding such ultrafast imaging and spectroscopy data on electrons and atoms in action, are also described. The book consists of three parts. The first part describes probing methods of attosecond electron dynamics in atoms, molecules, liquids, and solids. The second part describes femtosecond structural dynamics and coupling of structural change and electron motion in molecules and solids The last part is dedicated to ultrafast photophysical processes and chemical reactions of protein molecules responsible for biological functions.
Quantum Gases
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Author : Nick Proukakis
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013
Quantum Gases written by Nick Proukakis and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.
This volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.
Spectroscopy And Dynamics Of Collective Excitations In Solids
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Author : Baldassare di Bartolo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Spectroscopy And Dynamics Of Collective Excitations In Solids written by Baldassare di Bartolo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This book presents the proceedings of the course "Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Collective Excitations in Solids" held in Erice, Italy from June 17 to July 1, 1995. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The purpose of this course was to present and discuss physical models, mathematical formalisms, experimental techniques and applications relevant to the subject of collective excitations in solids. By bringing together specialists in the field of solid state spectroscopy, this course provided a much needed forum for the critical assessment and evaluation of recent and past developments in the physics of solids. A total of 83 participants came from 57 laboratories and 20 different countries (Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States). The secretaries of the course were Stamatios K yrkos and Daniel Di Bartolo. 45 lectures divided in 13 series were given. In addition 8 (one or two-hour) "long seminars," 1 "special lecture," 2 interdisciplinary lectures, 29 "short seminars," and 16 posters were presented. The sequence of lectures was in accordance with the logical development of the subject of the meeting. Each lecturer started at a rather fundamental level and ultimately reached the frontier of knowledge in the field.
Quantum Many Body Physics In Open Systems Measurement And Strong Correlations
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Author : Yuto Ashida
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-06
Quantum Many Body Physics In Open Systems Measurement And Strong Correlations written by Yuto Ashida and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-06 with Science categories.
This book studies the fundamental aspects of many-body physics in quantum systems open to an external world. Recent remarkable developments in the observation and manipulation of quantum matter at the single-quantum level point to a new research area of open many-body systems, where interactions with an external observer and the environment play a major role. The first part of the book elucidates the influence of measurement backaction from an external observer, revealing new types of quantum critical phenomena and out-of-equilibrium dynamics beyond the conventional paradigm of closed systems. In turn, the second part develops a powerful theoretical approach to study the in- and out-of-equilibrium physics of an open quantum system strongly correlated with an external environment, where the entanglement between the system and the environment plays an essential role. The results obtained here offer essential theoretical results for understanding the many-body physics of quantum systems open to an external world, and can be applied to experimental systems in atomic, molecular and optical physics, quantum information science and condensed matter physics.
Structural Dynamics With X Ray And Electron Scattering
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Author : Kasra Amini
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2023-12-20
Structural Dynamics With X Ray And Electron Scattering written by Kasra Amini and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-20 with Science categories.
Since the early 20th century, X-ray and electron scattering has provided a powerful means by which the location of atoms can be identified in gas-phase molecules and condensed matter with sub-atomic spatial resolution. Scattering techniques can also provide valuable observables of the fundamental properties of electrons in matter such as an electron’s spin and its energy. In recent years, significant technological developments in both X-ray and electron scattering have paved the way to time-resolved analogues capable of capturing real-time snapshots of transient structures undergoing a photochemical reaction. Structural Dynamics with X-ray and Electron Scattering is a two-part book that firstly introduces the fundamental background to scattering theory and photochemical phenomena of interest. The second part discusses the latest advances and research results from the application of ultrafast scattering techniques to imaging the structure and dynamics of gas-phase molecules and condensed matter. This book aims to provide a unifying platform for X-ray and electron scattering.
Nonequilibrium Physics At Short Time Scales
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Author : Klaus Morawetz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Nonequilibrium Physics At Short Time Scales written by Klaus Morawetz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
This book is the result of the many discussions and collaborations that de veloped from the seven previous workshops held on this topic. This ongoing series of interdisciplinary workshops provided an opportunity for the presen tation and exchange of results describing nonequilibrium phenomena at short time scales. The important questions concern the correlation and memory ef fects in dense interacting systems currently under study in various areas of physics. Experiments on very short time scales are especially characterized by the strong correlations in systems far from equilibrium and by their non linear dynamics. In this regard, conventionally applied theoretical techniques are critically reviewed, and new theoretical concepts are discussed. Possible signals of nonequilibrium effects are extracted from experiments using power ful techniques and skills. The exchange of views and techniques from different areas of physics helped to stimulate such developments. The impressive success of experiments using short laser pulses to probe the properties of matter, as well as of the new methods of analysis of the early phases of heavy ion reactions, initiated a review of the available many body theoretical methods. These statistical methods describing strong nonequilib rium situations were known, at least partially, for a long time. However, recent developments in computing power have provided the possibility of accurately comparing ab initio and approximate methods.
Postconference Digest
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Postconference Digest written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Quantum electronics categories.