Occupational Mismatch And Social Networks

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Occupational Mismatch And Social Networks

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Author : Gergely Horvath
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

Occupational Mismatch And Social Networks written by Gergely Horvath and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.

A labor market model with heterogeneous workers and jobs is provided to investigate the effects of social networks as a job information channel regarding the level of mismatch between workers and firms. I compare the efficiency in producing good matches of the formal market to that of social networks. I assume that links between workers represent favoring relationships: workers recommend each other for any kind of jobs irrespective of resulting match quality. I show that as the probability that ties connect similar agents (homophily) increases, the mismatch level decreases in society. If this probability is sufficiently high, networks provide good matches at a higher rate than the formal market, for any efficiency level of the market. In this case the mismatch level is lower in society with social networks than it would be in a pure market economy. Hence, the presence of social networks can reduce mismatch despite favoritism. I discuss implications of mismatch creation for the expected wages of jobs obtainable through different search methods.

Immigration Social Networks And Occupational Mismatch

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Author : Sevak Alaverdyan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Immigration Social Networks And Occupational Mismatch written by Sevak Alaverdyan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.

On The Puzzle Of Diversification In Social Networks With Occupational Mismatch

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Author : Anna Zaharieva
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

On The Puzzle Of Diversification In Social Networks With Occupational Mismatch written by Anna Zaharieva and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

This paper incorporates social networks into a frictional labour market framework. There are two worker types and two occupations. Both occupations are subject to correlated business cycle fluctuations in labour demand. The equilibrium in this model is characterized by occupational mismatch which is associated with a wage penalty. This paper shows that there exists a unique value of network homophily maximizing the present value of income. Therefore, there is a gain for risk-neutral workers if their network is diversified between the two occupations. The reason for diversification is that the present value of income is a non-linear function of the network composition. Thus, it is not the desire to reduce the volatility of income as in standard portfolio theory which is driving the decision of workers. Nevertheless, the optimal diversification level is higher with stronger negative correlation in labour demand between the two occupations, with a lower unemployment benefit and with a higher probability of recession in the primary occupation. On the other hand, the optimal diversification level is reduced if there is on-the-job search in the state of mismatch.

Social Networks And The Labour Market Mismatch

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Author : Eleni Kalfa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

Social Networks And The Labour Market Mismatch written by Eleni Kalfa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

This paper assesses the extent to which social contacts and ethnic concentration affect the education-occupation mismatch of natives and immigrants. Using Australian panel data and employing a dynamic random effects probit model, we show that social capital exacerbates the incidence of over-education, particularly for females. Furthermore, for the foreign-born, ethnic concentration significantly increases the incidence of over-education. Using an alternative index, we also show that social participation, friends and support and ethnic concentration are the main contributors in generating a mismatch, while reciprocity and trust does not seem to have any effect on over-education for both, immigrants and natives. Finally, we show that social networks are more beneficial for the relatively better educated.

Education Occupation Mismatch Of Migrants In The Italian Labour Market

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Author : Pierre Georges Van Wolleghem
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Education Occupation Mismatch Of Migrants In The Italian Labour Market written by Pierre Georges Van Wolleghem and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.

Whilst migration has become a structural feature of most European countries, the integration of foreigners in the labour market continues to raise concerns. Evidence across countries shows that migrants are more often over-educated than natives. Over the last years, scholarship has intended to capture the effect of informal networks on migrants’ over-education. Interestingly, no study has looked into the Italian case, yet a country for which the effect of networks on education-occupation mismatch is well documented. This article has two objectives: it assesses the extent to which over-education affects migrants and it evaluates the role informal networks play in producing it. We find that foreigners are more over-educated than natives but that the role of networks is consistent across the two groups. Empirical evidence is drawn from the application of quantitative and counter-factual methods to PLUS 2018 – Participation, Labour, Unemployment Survey.

Education Occupation Mismatch And Social Networks For Hispanics In The Us

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Author : Kusum Mundra
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Education Occupation Mismatch And Social Networks For Hispanics In The Us written by Kusum Mundra and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

In this paper we examine the education and occupation mismatch for Hispanics in the US using a novel objective continuous mismatch index and explore the role of immigrants' social networks on this mismatch. We explore whether having a larger social network helps Hispanics in finding jobs that better match with their skill and education levels or whether living in areas with larger concentration of Hispanics leads to more competition for the same jobs in the labor market. Given that the legal status of immigrants influence how the social networks are leveraged and their impact on labor market outcomes, we focus on the citizenship status for Hispanics. The quality of match between Hispanic's college degree major and occupation is measured using one of the continuous indices proposed in Rios-Avila and Saavedra-Caballero (2019) and calculated using pooled data for all college graduates in the US from 2010 to 2017. The Hispanic networks measures are constructed as the share of Hispanic population who are 25 years or older with respect to the total population of the same age and the second measure only includes Hispanics with at least a bachelor's degree using the weighted pooled data from 2010 to 2015. We find that networks have a positive impact on the job-match quality, but mostly for Hispanic citizens and this effect is stronger when the networks constitutes of at least a college degree. This shows that Hispanic citizens living in higher concentration of Hispanic college graduates are better able to leverage their networks or their networks are better able to match them with jobs closer to their field of specialization and skill set.

Social Networks At Work

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Author : Daniel J. Brass
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-11-26

Social Networks At Work written by Daniel J. Brass and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-26 with Psychology categories.

Social Networks at Work provides the latest thinking, from top-notch experts, on social networks as they apply to industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology. Each chapter provides an in-depth review along with discussions of future research and managerial implications of the social network perspective. Altogether, the volume illustrates the importance of adding a social capital perspective to the traditional human capital focus of I/O psychology. The volume is organized into two groups of chapters: the first seven chapters focus on specific network concepts (such as centrality, affect, negative ties, multiplexity, cognition, and structural holes) applied across a variety of topics. The remaining eight chapters focus on common I/O topics (such as personality, creativity, turnover, careers, person–environment fit, employment, teams, and leadership) and examine each from a network perspective, applying a variety of network concepts to the topic. This volume is suited for students and academics interested in applying a social network perspective to their work, as well as for practicing managers. Each topic area provides a useful review and guide for future research, as well as implications for managerial action.

Getting A Job

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Author : Mark Granovetter
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2018-06-29

Getting A Job written by Mark Granovetter and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-29 with Education categories.

This classic study of how 282 men in the United States found their jobs not only proves "it's not what you know but who you know," but also demonstrates how social activity influences labor markets. Examining the link between job contacts and social structure, Granovetter recognizes networking as the crucial link between economists studies of labor mobility and more focused studies of an individual's motivation to find work. This second edition is updated with a new Afterword and includes Granovetter's influential article "Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problems of Embeddedness." "Who would imagine that a book with such a prosaic title as 'getting a job' could pose such provocative questions about social structure and even social policy? In a remarkably ingenious and deceptively simple analysis of data gathered from a carefully designed sample of professional, technical, and managerial employees . . . Granovetter manages to raise a number of critical issues for the economic theory of labor markets as well as for theories of social structure by exploiting the emerging 'social network' perspective."—Edward O. Laumann, American Journal of Sociology "This short volume has much to offer readers of many disciplines. . . . Granovetter demonstrates ingenuity in his design and collection of data."—Jacob Siegel, Monthly Labor Review "A fascinating exploration, for Granovetter's principal interest lies in utilizing sociological theory and method to ascertain the nature of the linkages through which labor market information is transmitted by 'friends and relatives.'"—Herbert Parnes, Industrial and Labor Relations Review

Social Contacts And Occupational Choice

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Author : Samuel Bentolila
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010

Social Contacts And Occupational Choice written by Samuel Bentolila and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.

Social contacts help to find jobs, but not necessarily in the occupations where workers are most productive. Hence social contacts can generate mismatch between workers' occupational choices and their productive advantage. Accordingly, social networks can lead to low labour force quality, low returns to firms' investment and depressed aggregate productivity. We analyse surveys from both the US and Europe including information on job finding through contacts. Consistent with our predictions, contacts reduce unemployment duration by 1-3 months on average, but they are associated with wage discounts of at least 2.5%. We also find some evidence of negative externalities on aggregate productivity.

Find A Job Through Social Networking

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Author : Diane Crompton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Find A Job Through Social Networking written by Diane Crompton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Blogs categories.

This timely book unveils the reality that online networking is more than a fun way to pass time. It's a career management strategy that is rapidly changing the way job seekers and employers connect in the world of work. With this guide, readers will discover how to launch their online networking efforts and will gain advice for getting the most out of LinkedIn, Twitter, blogs and other sites. They'll also learn how to find jobs, seek advice, research employers, build a network, and create online protfolios and blogs. Additional guidance and worksheets help readers develop and communicate their personal brand online.