Social Networks And The Labour Market Mismatch
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Social Networks And The Labour Market Mismatch
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Author : Eleni Kalfa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Social Networks And The Labour Market Mismatch written by Eleni Kalfa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This paper assesses the extent to which social contacts and ethnic concentration affect the education-occupation mismatch of natives and immigrants. Using Australian panel data and employing a dynamic random effects probit model, we show that social capital exacerbates the incidence of over-education, particularly for females. Furthermore, for the foreign-born, ethnic concentration significantly increases the incidence of over-education. Using an alternative index, we also show that social participation, friends and support and ethnic concentration are the main contributors in generating a mismatch, while reciprocity and trust does not seem to have any effect on over-education for both, immigrants and natives. Finally, we show that social networks are more beneficial for the relatively better educated.
Occupational Mismatch And Social Networks
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Author : Gergely Horvath
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Occupational Mismatch And Social Networks written by Gergely Horvath and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
A labor market model with heterogeneous workers and jobs is provided to investigate the effects of social networks as a job information channel regarding the level of mismatch between workers and firms. I compare the efficiency in producing good matches of the formal market to that of social networks. I assume that links between workers represent favoring relationships: workers recommend each other for any kind of jobs irrespective of resulting match quality. I show that as the probability that ties connect similar agents (homophily) increases, the mismatch level decreases in society. If this probability is sufficiently high, networks provide good matches at a higher rate than the formal market, for any efficiency level of the market. In this case the mismatch level is lower in society with social networks than it would be in a pure market economy. Hence, the presence of social networks can reduce mismatch despite favoritism. I discuss implications of mismatch creation for the expected wages of jobs obtainable through different search methods.
Agent Based Modelling Of Social Networks In Labour Education Market System
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Author : Alexander Tarvid
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-11-27
Agent Based Modelling Of Social Networks In Labour Education Market System written by Alexander Tarvid and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-27 with Business & Economics categories.
This book covers the modelling of human behaviour in the education and labour markets, which due to their interdependency are viewed as one system. Important factors influencing the decision-making of individuals and firms in this system are discussed. The role of social environment and networks is stressed. The approach of agent-based modelling is presented and compared with standard economic modelling and other simulation techniques in the context of modelling complex adaptive systems. Practical questions in building agent-based models of labour–education market system with social networks are discussed. These questions include modelling the structure of education system and agent behaviour there; modelling and calibrating the labour market without and with firms; generating the social network, defining its behaviour and calibrating it; and embedding the resulting system into a larger model.
Education Occupation Mismatch Of Migrants In The Italian Labour Market
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Author : Pierre Georges Van Wolleghem
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Education Occupation Mismatch Of Migrants In The Italian Labour Market written by Pierre Georges Van Wolleghem and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Whilst migration has become a structural feature of most European countries, the integration of foreigners in the labour market continues to raise concerns. Evidence across countries shows that migrants are more often over-educated than natives. Over the last years, scholarship has intended to capture the effect of informal networks on migrants’ over-education. Interestingly, no study has looked into the Italian case, yet a country for which the effect of networks on education-occupation mismatch is well documented. This article has two objectives: it assesses the extent to which over-education affects migrants and it evaluates the role informal networks play in producing it. We find that foreigners are more over-educated than natives but that the role of networks is consistent across the two groups. Empirical evidence is drawn from the application of quantitative and counter-factual methods to PLUS 2018 – Participation, Labour, Unemployment Survey.
Immigration Social Networks And Occupational Mismatch
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Author : Sevak Alaverdyan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Immigration Social Networks And Occupational Mismatch written by Sevak Alaverdyan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
On The Puzzle Of Diversification In Social Networks With Occupational Mismatch
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Author : Anna Zaharieva
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
On The Puzzle Of Diversification In Social Networks With Occupational Mismatch written by Anna Zaharieva and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This paper incorporates social networks into a frictional labour market framework. There are two worker types and two occupations. Both occupations are subject to correlated business cycle fluctuations in labour demand. The equilibrium in this model is characterized by occupational mismatch which is associated with a wage penalty. This paper shows that there exists a unique value of network homophily maximizing the present value of income. Therefore, there is a gain for risk-neutral workers if their network is diversified between the two occupations. The reason for diversification is that the present value of income is a non-linear function of the network composition. Thus, it is not the desire to reduce the volatility of income as in standard portfolio theory which is driving the decision of workers. Nevertheless, the optimal diversification level is higher with stronger negative correlation in labour demand between the two occupations, with a lower unemployment benefit and with a higher probability of recession in the primary occupation. On the other hand, the optimal diversification level is reduced if there is on-the-job search in the state of mismatch.
Social Networks And The Labour Market
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Author : Farzana Afridi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Social Networks And The Labour Market written by Farzana Afridi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
This chapter surveys recent literature on social networks and labour markets, with a specific focus on developing countries. It reviews existing research, in particular, on the use of social networks for hiring and the consequences of networks for on-the-job outcomes, including emerging literature on gender and networks. While there is consensus on the prevalence of social networks in job search there is as yet no consensus on the mechanisms for why referrals are so important: an open question is to uncover systematically the conditions under which different mechanisms are relevant. Second, the literature has documented network effects on labour productivity - mostly when there are no externalities between workers. The findings are that the effects of social ties depend very much on the type of production function assumed. An emerging literature examines whether women benefit from referrals as much as men: gender homophily might play a part in some contexts while in others women confront a bias in referrals. Finally, the literature has moved from use of observational data into lab and field experiments to confront better the challenges of identification.
The Impact Of Social Networks On Labour Market Outcomes
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Author : Adnan Q. Khan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The Impact Of Social Networks On Labour Market Outcomes written by Adnan Q. Khan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Economics categories.
Debates centered on the role of social networks as a determinant of labour market outcomes have a long history in economics and sociology; however, determining causality remains a challenge. In this study we use information on random assignment to a unique intervention to identify the impact of changes in the size of alternative social network measures on subsequent employment at both the individual and community level. Our results indicate that being assigned to the treatment protocol significantly increased the size of social networks, particularly weak ties. Nevertheless, these increases did not translate into improved employment outcomes 18 months following study completion. We do not find any evidence of treatment effect heterogeneity based on the initial size of one's social network; but those whose strong ties increased at a higher rate during the experiment were significantly less likely to hold a job following the experiment. We find that many of these results also hold at the community level among those who did not directly participate in the intervention. In summary, our results suggest that policies can successfully influence the size of an individual's social network, but these increases have limited impacts on long run labour market outcomes with the notable exception of changes in the composition of individuals who hold jobs.
Workers Dilemmas
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Author : Margaret Grieco
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1996
Workers Dilemmas written by Margaret Grieco and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
Workers' Dilemmas reexamines the relationships between social networks and labour markets. The author argues provocatively about the ways in which work patterns, family structure and community networks interrelate.
Social Exclusion And The Remaking Of Social Networks
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Author : Robert Strathdee
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-06-30
Social Exclusion And The Remaking Of Social Networks written by Robert Strathdee and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-30 with categories.
This book explores developments in training and in social welfare to show that third way administrations in England and New Zealand are reconnecting young people to the labour market through creating social networks.