Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment The Adverse Outcome Pathway For Skin Sensitisation Initiated By Covalent Binding To Proteins
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Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment The Adverse Outcome Pathway For Skin Sensitisation Initiated By Covalent Binding To Proteins
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2014-09-03
Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment The Adverse Outcome Pathway For Skin Sensitisation Initiated By Covalent Binding To Proteins written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-03 with categories.
This document describes the state of knowledge of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins, assesses the weight-of-evidence supporting the AOP, identifies the key events, and identifies databases containing test results related to key events.
Alternatives To Animal Testing
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Author : Hajime Kojima
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-12-27
Alternatives To Animal Testing written by Hajime Kojima and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-27 with Medical categories.
This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.
Skin 3 D Models And Cosmetics Toxicity
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Author : Aditya Bhushan Pant
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-08-28
Skin 3 D Models And Cosmetics Toxicity written by Aditya Bhushan Pant and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-28 with Medical categories.
Efforts are being made by research organizations and cosmetic industries worldwide to develop more precise and targeted 3D models that mimic humans for testing cosmetic and personal health care product ingredients, following a complete ban on animal testing. This book includes several subtopics dedicated to the progress made, challenges faced, roadblocks encountered, and future prospects in the development and validation of 3D models for testing these products. The book consist of an editorial and 14 themed chapters that will showcase the significant progress made so far, challenges encountered, and future prospects in the development of 3D reconstruct models.
Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment Guidance Document On The Reporting Of Defined Approaches To Be Used Within Integrated Approaches To Testing And Assessment
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2017-04-13
Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment Guidance Document On The Reporting Of Defined Approaches To Be Used Within Integrated Approaches To Testing And Assessment written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-13 with categories.
With a view to assisting the evaluation of integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) in regulatory decision-making within OECD Member Countries, this guidance document provides a set of principles for reporting defined approaches to testing and assessment that can be used as one of ...
Skin Allergy An Issue Of Immunology And Allergy Clinics Of North America E Book
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Author : Susan Nedorost
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2021-07-08
Skin Allergy An Issue Of Immunology And Allergy Clinics Of North America E Book written by Susan Nedorost and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-08 with Medical categories.
Skin Allergy, An Issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, E-Book
Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment Guidance Document On The Reporting Of Defined Approaches And Individual Information Sources To Be Used Within Integrated Approaches To Testing And Assessment Iata For Skin Sensitisation
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2017-07-11
Oecd Series On Testing And Assessment Guidance Document On The Reporting Of Defined Approaches And Individual Information Sources To Be Used Within Integrated Approaches To Testing And Assessment Iata For Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-11 with categories.
With a view to assisting the evaluation of integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) in regulatory decision-making within OECD Member Countries, this guidance document provides guidance on the reporting of defined approaches to testing and assessment in the area of skin ...
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Guideline No 497 Defined Approaches On Skin Sensitisation
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2025-06-25
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Guideline No 497 Defined Approaches On Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-06-25 with categories.
A Defined Approach (DA) consists of a selection of information sources (e.g in silico predictions, in chemico, in vitro data) used in a specific combination, and resulting data are interpreted using a fixed data interpretation procedure (DIP) (e.g. a mathematical, rule-based model). DAs use methods in combination and are intended to overcome some limitations of the individual, stand-alone methods.
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442d In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays Addressing The Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event On Keratinocyte Activation
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2018-06-27
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442d In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays Addressing The Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event On Keratinocyte Activation written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-27 with categories.
This Test Guideline (TG) provides an in vitro procedure (the ARE-Nrf2 luciferase test method) used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS.
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442c In Chemico Skin Sensitisation Assays Addressing The Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event On Covalent Binding To Proteins
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2025-06-25
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442c In Chemico Skin Sensitisation Assays Addressing The Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event On Covalent Binding To Proteins written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-06-25 with categories.
The present Key Event based Test Guideline addresses the human health hazard endpoint skin sensitisation, following exposure to a test chemical. Skin sensitisation refers to an allergic response following skin contact with the tested chemical, as defined by the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS). This Test Guideline is proposed to address the Molecular Initiating Event leading to skin sensitisation, namely protein reactivity, by quantifying the reactivity of test chemicals towards model synthetic peptides or amino acid derivatives containing either lysine or cysteine. This Test Guideline provides three in chemico test methods addressing the same Key Event on the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation: (i) the Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay – DPRA, (ii) the Amino Acid Derivative Reactivity Assay – ADRA and (iii) the kinetic Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay – kDPRA. The DPRA and ADRA are used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS. In contrast, the kDPRA allows discrimination of UN GHS subcategory 1A skin sensitisers from those not categorised as subcategory 1A, i.e. subcategory 1B or no category but does not allow to distinguish sensitisers from non-sensitisers.
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442e In Vitro Skin Sensitisation In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays Addressing The Key Event On Activation Of Dendritic Cells On The Adverse Outcome Pathway For Skin Sensitisation
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2024-06-25
Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442e In Vitro Skin Sensitisation In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays Addressing The Key Event On Activation Of Dendritic Cells On The Adverse Outcome Pathway For Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-25 with categories.
The present Key Event based Test Guideline (TG) addresses the human health hazard endpoint skin sensitisation, following exposure to a test chemical. Skin sensitisation refers to an allergic response following skin contact with the tested chemical, as defined by the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS). This TG is proposed to address the activation of dendritic cells, which is one Key Event on the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for Skin Sensitisation. It provides four in vitro test methods addressing the same Key Event on the AOP: (i) the human cell Line Activation Test or h-CLAT method, (ii) the U937 Cell Line Activation Test or U-SENS, (iii) the Interleukin-8 Reporter Gene Assay or IL-8 Luc assay and (iv) the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection for assessment of skin sensitisers (GARDTMskin). All of them are used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS. The test methods described in this TG either quantify the change in the expression of cell surface marker(s) CD54 and CD86, the cytokine IL-8, or a series of genes (genomic biomarker signature) that are associated with the process of activation of monocytes and DC following exposure to sensitisers.