Pharmacology Of Intestinal Absorption
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Pharmacology Of Intestinal Absorption Gastrointestinal Absorption Of Drugs
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Author : W. Forth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Absorption Gastrointestinal Absorption Of Drugs written by W. Forth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Drugs categories.
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Absorption
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Author : Armando Joseph Aguiar
language : en
Publisher: Pergamon
Release Date : 1975
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Absorption written by Armando Joseph Aguiar and has been published by Pergamon this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Medical categories.
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation Ii
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation Ii written by and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
The intestine, particularly the small bowel, represents a large surface (in the adult 2 human approximately 200 m ) through which the body is exposed to its environ ment. A vigorous substrate exchange takes place across this large surface: nutrients and xenobiotics are absorbed from the lumen into the bloodstream or the lymph, and simultaneously, the same types of substrate pass back into the lumen. The luminal surface of the intestine is lined with a "leaky" epithelium, thus the passage of the substrates, in either direction, proceeds via both transcellular and intercellular routes. Simple and carrier-mediated diffusion, active transport, pinocytosis, phagocytosis and persorption are all involved in this passage across the intestinal wall. The term "intestinal permeation" refers to the process of passage of various substances across the gut wall, either from the lumen into the blood or lymph, or in the opposite direction. "Permeability" is the condition of the gut which governs the rate of this complex two-way passage. The pharmacologist's interest in the problem of intestinal permeation is twofold: on the one hand, this process determines the bioavailability of drugs and contributes significantly to the pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of xeno biotics; on the other hand, the pharmacodynamic effects of many drugs are manifested in a signigicant alteration of the physiological process of intestinal permeation.
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation I
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation I written by and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
The intestine, particularly the small bowel, represents a large surface (in the adult 2 human approximately 200m ) through which the body is exposed to its environment. A vigorous substrate exchange takes place across this large surface: nutrients and xenobiotics are absorbed from the lumen into the bloodstream or the lymph, and simultaneously, the same types of substrate pass back into the lumen. The luminal surface of the intestine is lined with a "leaky" epithelium, thus the passage of the substrates, in either direction, proceeds via both transcellular and intercellular routes. Simple and carrier-mediated diffusion, active transport, pinocytosis, phagocytosis and persorption are all involved in this passage across the intestinal wall. The term "intestinal permeation" refers to the process of passage of various substances across the gut wall, either from the lumen into the blood or lymph, or in the opposite direction. "Permeability" is the condition of the gut which governs the rate of this complex two-way passage. The pharmacologist's interest in the problem of intestinal permeation is twofold: on the one hand, this process determines thebioavailability of drugs and contributes significantly to the pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of xeno biotics; on the other hand, the pharmacodynamic effects of many drugs are manifested in a significant alteration of the physiological process of intestinal permeation.
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Drugs categories.
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation
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Author : W. McD. Armstrong
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1984
Pharmacology Of Intestinal Permeation written by W. McD. Armstrong and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Medical categories.
Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption
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Author : Marival Bermejo
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-03-19
Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption written by Marival Bermejo and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-19 with Medical categories.
This book presents some of the state-of-the-art methods for the study of the gastrointestinal variables affecting oral drug absorption. Practical applications of new in vitro release/dissolution methods are presented, as well as in vitro permeability studies to explore segmental differences. The application of MRI methods for the study of colon physiology is presented to illustrate its potential applications in controlled release dosage form design. Some examples of successful in vitro–in vivo correlations show how implementing the gastrointestinal physiological variables in the new in vitro methods can improve the predictions of in vivo drug product performance. The book contains an updated review of the experimental, computational, and in vivo approaches for measuring intestinal permeability.
Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption
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Author : Maria Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022-05-28
Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption written by Maria Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-28 with categories.
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be broadly divided into several regions: the stomach, the small intestine (which is subdivided to duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the colon. The conditions and environment in each of these segments, and even within the segment, are dependent on many factors, e.g., the surrounding pH, fluid composition, transporters expression, metabolic enzymes activity, tight junction resistance, different morphology along the GIT, variable intestinal mucosal cell differentiation, changes in drug concentration (in cases of carrier-mediated transport), thickness and types of mucus, and resident microflora. Each of these variables, alone or in combination with others, can fundamentally alter the solubility/dissolution, the intestinal permeability, and the overall absorption of various drugs. This is the underlying mechanistic basis of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption, which has led to many attempts to deliver drugs to specific regions throughout the GIT, aiming to optimize drug absorption, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and/or pharmacodynamics. In the book "Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation" we aim to highlight the current progress and to provide an overview of the latest developments in the field of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption and delivery, as well as pointing out the unmet needs of the field.
Rifaximin A Poorly Absorbed Antibiotic
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Author : C. Scarpignato
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Rifaximin A Poorly Absorbed Antibiotic written by C. Scarpignato and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Medical categories.
Rifaximin is a semisynthetic rifamycin which is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It has been available in Europe and other countries for several years, and has recently been approved for treatment of traveler's diarrhea in the United States. Because of its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, rifaximin has been used with success in the treatment of infectious diarrhea, hepatic encephalopathy, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, inflammatory bowel disease, and colonic diverticular disease. Potential indications include the irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation, Clostridium difficile infection and bowel preparation before colorectal surgery. In this publication both the present and future clinical use of rifaximin as well as the pharmacology behind it are extensively reviewed. Compiling the latest information on this remarkably active antibacterial agent, it will be an essential resource for infectiologists, gastroenterologists, and digestive surgeons alike.
Drug Absorption At Different Regions Of The Human Gastro Intestinal Tract Methods Of Investigation And Results Arzneimittelabsorption Aus Verschiedenen Bereichen Des Gastrointestinaltraktes Beim Menschen Untersuchungsmethoden Und Ergebnisse
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Author : Norbert Rietbrock
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Drug Absorption At Different Regions Of The Human Gastro Intestinal Tract Methods Of Investigation And Results Arzneimittelabsorption Aus Verschiedenen Bereichen Des Gastrointestinaltraktes Beim Menschen Untersuchungsmethoden Und Ergebnisse written by Norbert Rietbrock and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
N. Rietbrock Wachsendes Qualitätsbewußtsein beschränkt sich nicht nur auf die Güter des täglichen Bedarfs, sondern gilt auch für die im Krankheitsfall zu verordnenden Arzneimittel. Die Qualität ist vom pharmazeutischen Hersteller im Zulassungsverfahren nachzuwei sen. So schreibt der im zweiten Gesetz zur Änderung des Arzneimittelgesetzes vom 16. August 1986 neu eingefügte {sect} 11a bindend vor, daß in der Fachinformation "die pharma kologischen und toxikologischen Eigenschaften und Angaben über die Pharmakokinetik und Bioverfügbarkeit, soweit diese Angaben für die therapeutische Anwendung erfor derlich sind ..." enthalten sein müssen. Damit schränkt der Gesetzgeber aber auch bewußt die Angaben zur Pharmakokinetik und Bioverfügbarkeit auf therapeutisch relevante Arzneigruppen ein. Folglich bleibt die Erbringung der Daten praktikabel. Es liegt nicht im Sinne des Gesetzgebers noch in dem des Herstellers in Anbetracht der limitierten Zahl der medizinischen Institute mit ent sprechender Ausrichtung, des relativ großen Zeitaufwandes und der nicht unerheblichen Kosten für alle Arzneimittel eine generelle Regelung zu treffen. Pharmakokinetik und Bioverfügbarkeit sind für die therapeutische Anwendung erforder lich unter anderem bei Arzneimitteln, die bei Überdosierungen zu gravierenden unerwünschten Wirkun gen führen können; bei Arzneimitteln, die vorwiegend renal eliminiert werden und bei denen die Gefahr einer verstärkten Kumulation bei eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion besteht; bei Arzneimitteln mit einem "first pass" Effekt; bei allen Arzneimitteln mit geringer therapeutischer Breite. Damit wird aber auch der Zweck solcher Studien klar: Qualität ist ein relatives Merkmal eines Arzneimittels. Die Validität dieses Merkmals ist immer im Zusammenhang mit dem klinischen Krankheitsbild zu sehen.
