Planning And Analysis Of Observational Studies
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Design Of Observational Studies
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Author : Paul R. Rosenbaum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-10-22
Design Of Observational Studies written by Paul R. Rosenbaum and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-22 with Mathematics categories.
An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is both an introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. Design of Observational Studies is divided into four parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely, in about one hundred pages, many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies (also published by Springer) but in a less technical fashion. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates. Part II includes a chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies, "make your theories elaborate." The second edition of his book, Observational Studies, was published by Springer in 2002.
Planning Clinical Research
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Author : Robert A. Parker
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-10-12
Planning Clinical Research written by Robert A. Parker and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-12 with Mathematics categories.
Planning clinical research requires many decisions. The authors of this book explain key decisions with examples showing what works and what does not.
Observational Studies
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Author : Paul R. Rosenbaum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Observational Studies written by Paul R. Rosenbaum and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Mathematics categories.
An observational study is an empirical investigation of the effects of treatments, policies, or exposures. It differes from an experiment in that the investigator cannot control the assignments of treatments to subjects. Scientists across a wide range of disciplines undertake such studies, and the aim of this book is to provide a sound statistical account of the principles and methods for the design and analysis of observational studies. Readers are assumed to have a working knowledge of basic probability and statistics, but otherwise the account is reasonably self-contained. Throughout there are extended discussions of actual observational studies to illustrate the ideas discussed. These are drawn from topics as diverse as smoking and lung cancer, lead in children, nuclear weapons testing, and placement programs for students. As a result, many researchers involved in observational studes will find this an invaluable companion to their work.
Developing A Protocol For Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research A User S Guide
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Author : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Release Date : 2013-02-21
Developing A Protocol For Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research A User S Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and has been published by Government Printing Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-21 with Medical categories.
This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)
Data Collection And Analysis
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Author : Roger Sapsford
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2006-03-29
Data Collection And Analysis written by Roger Sapsford and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-29 with Social Science categories.
In simple and non-technical terms, this text illustrates a wide range of techniques and approaches used in social research projects.
Planning And Analysis Of Observational Studies
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Author : William G. Cochran
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-09-25
Planning And Analysis Of Observational Studies written by William G. Cochran and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-25 with Mathematics categories.
Treats studies, primarily in human populations, that show casual effects of certain agents, procedures, treatment or programs. Deals with the difficulties that comparative observational studies have because of bias in their design and analysis. Systematically considers the many sources of bias and discusses how care in matching or adjustment of results can reduce the effects of bias in these investigations.
Design And Analysis Of Clinical Experiments
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Author : Joseph L. Fleiss
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-01-25
Design And Analysis Of Clinical Experiments written by Joseph L. Fleiss and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-25 with Mathematics categories.
First published in 1986, this unique reference to clinical experimentation remains just as relevant today. Focusing on the principles of design and analysis of studies on human subjects, this book utilizes and integrates both modern and classical designs. Coverage is limited to experimental comparisons of treatments, or in other words, clinical studies in which treatments are assigned to subjects at random.
Methods Of Randomization In Experimental Design
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Author : Valentim R. Alferes
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2012-10-01
Methods Of Randomization In Experimental Design written by Valentim R. Alferes and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-01 with Social Science categories.
In Methods of Randomization in Experimental Design, author Valentim R. Alferes presents the main procedures of random assignment and local control in between-subjects experimental designs and the counterbalancing schemes in within-subjects or cross-over experimental designs. Alferes uses a pedagogical strategy that allows the reader to implement all randomization methods by relying on the materials given in the appendices and using common features included in most word processor software. A companion website provides downloadable IBM SPSS and R versions of SCRAED, a package that performs simple and complex random assignment in experimental design, including the 18 randomization methods presented in Chapters 2 and 3.
Observation And Experiment
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Author : Paul Rosenbaum
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2017-08-14
Observation And Experiment written by Paul Rosenbaum and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-14 with Mathematics categories.
A daily glass of wine prolongs life—yet alcohol can cause life-threatening cancer. Some say raising the minimum wage will decrease inequality while others say it increases unemployment. Scientists once confidently claimed that hormone replacement therapy reduced the risk of heart disease but now they equally confidently claim it raises that risk. What should we make of this endless barrage of conflicting claims? Observation and Experiment is an introduction to causal inference by one of the field’s leading scholars. An award-winning professor at Wharton, Paul Rosenbaum explains key concepts and methods through lively examples that make abstract principles accessible. He draws his examples from clinical medicine, economics, public health, epidemiology, clinical psychology, and psychiatry to explain how randomized control trials are conceived and designed, how they differ from observational studies, and what techniques are available to mitigate their bias. “Carefully and precisely written...reflecting superb statistical understanding, all communicated with the skill of a master teacher.” —Stephen M. Stigler, author of The Seven Pillars of Statistical Wisdom “An excellent introduction...Well-written and thoughtful...from one of causal inference’s noted experts.” —Journal of the American Statistical Association “Rosenbaum is a gifted expositor...an outstanding introduction to the topic for anyone who is interested in understanding the basic ideas and approaches to causal inference.” —Psychometrika “A very valuable contribution...Highly recommended.” —International Statistical Review
Measurement Design And Analysis
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Author : Elazar J. Pedhazur
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-04-15
Measurement Design And Analysis written by Elazar J. Pedhazur and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-15 with Psychology categories.
In textbooks and courses in statistics, substantive and measurement issues are rarely, if at all, considered. Similarly, textbooks and courses in measurement virtually ignore design and analytic questions, and research design textbooks and courses pay little attention to analytic and measurement issues. This fragmentary approach fosters a lack of appreciation of the interrelations and interdependencies among the various aspects of the research endeavor. Pedhazur and Schmelkin's goal is to help readers become proficient in these aspects of research and their interrelationships, and to use that information in a more integrated manner. The authors offer extensive commentaries on inputs and outputs of computer programs in the context of the topics presented. Both the organization of the book and the style of presentation allow for much flexibility in choice, sequence, and degree of sophistication with which topics are dealt.