Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Cancer

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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Cancer

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Author : Benjamin G. Neel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-05

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Cancer written by Benjamin G. Neel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-05 with Medical categories.

This book aims to bridge the gap in understanding how protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which carry out the reverse reaction of tyrosine phosphorylation, feature in cancer cell biology. The expertly authored chapters will first review the general features of the PTP superfamily, including their overall structure and enzymological properties; use selected examples of individual PTP superfamily members, to illustrate emerging data on the role of PTPs in cancer; and will review the current status of PTP-based drug development efforts. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer,from renowned researchers Benjamin Neel and Nicholas Tonks, is invaluable reading for researchers in oncology, stem cell signaling,and biochemistry.

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases

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Author : Lalima G. Ahuja
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-10-08

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases written by Lalima G. Ahuja and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-08 with Science categories.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases remove phosphates from the phosphotyrosine residues of target proteins and reverse the action of various protein tyrosine kinases. This essential interplay between the opposing actions of protein tyrosine phosphatases and protein tyrosine kinases forms the basis of signaling networks that underlie the cellular workings of human physiology. Initially passed-off as housekeeping genes; these proteins were only acknowledged to maintain a steady background of phosphotyrosine levels in the cell. However, recent progress in studying their role in embryonic development and human disease has established their importance as regulators of signal regulation. Convincing evidence shows the role of mutations in these proteins to cause and/or intensify the severity of various diseases including metabolic and neurological disorders and also cancer. Protein tyrosine phosphatases have slowly, yet convincingly become crucial targets for therapeutic intervention of various human pathophysiologies. This book describes these signaling enzymes using the molecular details of their structure and mechanistic function. Various subtypes of cysteine-based Class I, II, III and the Haloacid dehalogenase related Class IV protein tyrosine phosphatases have been illustrated and explained. The superfamily of proteins is also described vis-a-vis its complimentary protein phosphoserine/phosphoserine phosphatases. Membrane bound receptor forms and the cytosolic non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases have been described for their biological function. This book serves as a reference for any reader looking to understand the sequence features, structural elements, molecular mechanism and cellular function of this superfamily of signaling enzymes.

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Breast Cancer

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Author : Mairin Rafferty
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Breast Cancer written by Mairin Rafferty and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.

The Role Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Breast Cancer

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Author : Christina Holzer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

The Role Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Breast Cancer written by Christina Holzer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.

Tumor Progression And Metastasis

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Author : Ahmed Lasfar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Tumor Progression And Metastasis written by Ahmed Lasfar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

Deciphering The Regulation And Role Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1b In Prostate Cancer

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Author : David Labbé
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

Deciphering The Regulation And Role Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1b In Prostate Cancer written by David Labbé and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

"Despite the early diagnosis and efficient treatment of most early-stage tumors, prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in North American men. This reflects the use of androgen deprivation therapy, initially described in 1941, as the standard treatment for patients diagnosed with advanced disease despite the eventual development of incurable castration-resistant metastatic cancer. Therefore there is an urgent need for novel and innovative approaches to effectively treat this disease. Elevated tyrosine phosphorylation is a major contributor to tumor progression. As such, many tyrosine kinase inhibitors are presently being tested for the treatment of advanced PCa in clinical trials. However, one largely unexplored mechanism in prostate tumorigenesis is the regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation by classical protein tyrosine phosphatases. Owing to the putative oncogenic role of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in various cancers, the objective of my doctoral research was to investigate its regulation and role in PCa. First, we identified the androgen receptor (AR) as a critical regulator of PTPN1 (encoding PTP1B) transcription in human PCa cell lines and human PCa tissues. Importantly, we described PTP1B as a tumor promoter in these cell lines, particularly when the AR signaling axis was activated. Second, we described the frequent amplification of a chromosomal region within the hereditary PCa genetic-susceptibility locus located on chromosome 20 (HPC20) in metastatic tumors. Interestingly, PTPN1 is included in the maximal common amplified region, which is frequently co-amplified with the AR. This coordinated copy number gain might result in a synergistic increase in the transcription of most genes located on the amplicon as many are AR-regulated. Finally, using prostate-specific PTEN-null mice, we demonstrated that genetic depletion of PTPN1 results in a slightly more aggressive phenotype when mice are fed a regular chow diet. Strikingly, when mice are fed a high fat diet, PTPN1 knockout mice exhibited a dramatic increase in the number of microinvasive lesions that then progress to fully invasive carcinoma. In summary, the data presented herein identifies PTPN1 as a context-dependent PCa gene that can act as an oncogene when the AR signaling axis is activated, or as a tumor suppressor in PTEN-null tumors. These results suggest that parameters such as genetic alterations and diet should be taken into consideration when designing new clinical trials for PTP1B inhibitors in cancer." --

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Advances In Research And Application 2012 Edition

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
Release Date : 2012-12-26

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Advances In Research And Application 2012 Edition written by and has been published by ScholarlyEditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-26 with Medical categories.

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in a compact format. The editors have built Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Tumor Progression And Metastasis

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Author : Carmen Ferreira
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases In Tumor Progression And Metastasis written by Carmen Ferreira and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Science categories.

Reversible phosphorylation of proteins, executed by kinases and phosphatases, is the major posttranslational protein modification in eukaryotic cells, causing them to become activated or deactivated. This intracellular event represents a critical regulatory mechanism of several signaling pathways and can be related to a broad number of diseases, including cancer. Few decades ago, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) were considered as tumor suppressors. However, nowadays, accumulating evidence demonstrates that a misregulation of PTP activities plays a crucial and decisive role in cancer progression and metastasis. In this chapter, we will focus on the molecular aspects that support the crucial role of PTPs in cancer and in turn make them promising for prediction, monitoring, and rational appropriate therapy selection of individual patients.

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Regulate Cancer Bioenergetics And Macrophage Immune Responses

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Author : Valerie Vinette
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Regulate Cancer Bioenergetics And Macrophage Immune Responses written by Valerie Vinette and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.

"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third deadliest cancer worldwide and there is still much to uncover about the underlying mechanisms for its initiation and progression. We now understand that certain acquired cellular characteristics are commonly present in a plethora of different cancers. Two of these hallmarks of cancer that are closely intertwined are dysregulated cellular metabolism and inflammation. Considering that protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) can act as both oncogenes or tumour suppressors, we sought to investigate their role in regulating these two cancer hallmarks. In Chapter 2, I investigated the role of PTPs in regulating the cellular metabolism of colorectal cancer cells and identified 24 PTP candidates. Additional studies validated that the candidate TC-PTP is indeed a positive regulator of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in CRC cells. Absence of TC-PTP does not affect the glycolytic activity of cells, but leads to hyperphosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3 and p38. In Chapter 3, I demonstrated that TC-PTP is an important modulator of macrophage polarization and immune response. Inhibition of TC-PTP in macrophages promotes pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and leads to a dysregulated transcriptome, with over-representation of immune response and mitochondrial respiration pathways. In Chapter 4, we established that PTP1B is a regulator of the IL-10-induced transcriptome in macrophages. Deficiency of PTP1B in macrophages activates STAT3 and leads to induction of anti-inflammatory genes. We also identified a subset of STAT1-induced pro-inflammatory genes that are increased in absence of PTP1B, highlighting its importance in maintaining the homeostasis between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine signaling. The work presented in this thesis identifies a role for PTPs as negative regulators of cellular metabolism and tumour-promoting inflammation. TC-PTP may act as a tumour suppressor by preventing the metabolic switch known as the Warburg effect and by promoting anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Given that altered metabolism can induce inflammation and vice-versa, further studies would need to be conducted to understand how cellular metabolism and macrophage immune response are interconnected in the context of colorectal cancer and colitis-associated colorectal cancer"--

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases

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Author : Damien Thévenin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-01-27

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases written by Damien Thévenin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-27 with Science categories.

This second edition volume expands on the previous edition with discussions on the latest advancements in protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) research used to investigate these essential enzymes and new inhibitors. The new techniques covered in the chapters of this book include studying enzymes in vitro, in cells, and in animal models through proteomics, genomics, and structural biology. Furthermore, new advances in pharmacology and drug design have contributed to the developing novel therapeutics that target PTPs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for both experienced and novel researchers in this field, and will lead to discoveries and accelerated progress in the field of PTP, signal transduction, and drug development.