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Scientific Objectivity And Its Contexts


Scientific Objectivity And Its Contexts
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Scientific Objectivity And Its Contexts


Scientific Objectivity And Its Contexts
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Author : Evandro Agazzi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-03-11

Scientific Objectivity And Its Contexts written by Evandro Agazzi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-11 with Science categories.


The first part of this book is of an epistemological nature and develops an original theory of scientific objectivity, understood in a weak sense (as intersubjective agreement among the specialists) and a strong sense (as having precise concrete referents). In both cases it relies upon the adoption of operational criteria designed within the particular perspective under which any single science considers reality. The “object” so attained has a proper ontological status, dependent on the specific character of the criteria of reference (regional ontologies). This justifies a form of scientific realism. Such perspectives are also the result of a complex cultural-historical situation. The awareness of such a “historical determinacy” of science justifies including in the philosophy of science the problems of ethics of science, relations of science with metaphysics and social dimensions of science that overstep the traditional restriction of the philosophy of science to an epistemology of science. It is to this “context” that the second part of the book is devoted.



Hermeneutic Realism


Hermeneutic Realism
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Author : Dimitri Ginev
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-24

Hermeneutic Realism written by Dimitri Ginev and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-24 with Philosophy categories.


This study recapitulates basic developments in the tradition of hermeneutic and phenomenological studies of science. It focuses on the ways in which scientific research is committed to the universe of interpretative phenomena. It treats scientific research by addressing its characteristic hermeneutic situations, and uses the following basic argument in this treatment: By demonstrating that science’s epistemological identity is not to be spelled out in terms of objectivism, mathematical essentialism, representationalism, and foundationalism, one undermines scientism without succumbing scientific research to “procedures of normative-democratic control” that threaten science’s cognitive autonomy. The study shows that in contrast to social constructivism, hermeneutic phenomenology of scientific research makes the case that overcoming scientism does not imply restrictive policies regarding the constitution of scientific objects.



Historical Epistemology And European Philosophy Of Science


Historical Epistemology And European Philosophy Of Science
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Author : Fabio Minazzi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-04-01

Historical Epistemology And European Philosophy Of Science written by Fabio Minazzi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-01 with Science categories.


This book offers a comprehensive analysis on the evolution of philosophy of science, with a special emphasis on the European tradition of the twentieth century. At first, it shows how the epistemological problem of the objectivity of knowledge and axiomatic knowledge have been previously tackled by transcendentalism, critical rationalism and hermeneutics. In turn, it analyses the axiological dimension of scientific research, moving from traditional model of science and of scientific methods, to the construction of a new image of knowledge that leverages the philosophical tradition of the Milan School. Using this historical-epistemological approach, the author rethinks the Kantian Transcendental, showing how it could be better integrated in the current philosophy of science, to answer important questions such as the relationship between science and history, scientific and social perspectives and philosophy and technology, among others. Not only this book provides a comprehensive study of the evolution of European Philosophy of Science in the twentieth century, yet it offers a new, historical and epistemological-based approach, that could be used to answers many urgent questions of contemporary societies.



Quantum Mechanics And Fundamentality


Quantum Mechanics And Fundamentality
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Author : Valia Allori
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-27

Quantum Mechanics And Fundamentality written by Valia Allori and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-27 with Science categories.


This edited collection provides new perspectives on some metaphysical questions arising in quantum mechanics. These questions have been long-standing and are of continued interest to researchers and graduate students working in physics, philosophy of physics, and metaphysics. It features contributions from a diverse set of researchers, ranging from senior scholars to junior academics, working in varied fields, from physics to philosophy of physics and metaphysics. The contributors reflect on issues about fundamentality (is quantum theory fundamental? If so, what is its fundamental ontology?), ontological dependence (how do ordinary objects exist even if they are not fundamental?), realism (what kind of realism is compatible with quantum theory?), indeterminacy (can the world itself exhibit ontological indeterminacy?). The book contains contributions from both physicists (including Nobel Prize winner Gerard 't Hooft), science communicators and philosophers.



Realism And Antirealism In Metaphysics Science And Language


Realism And Antirealism In Metaphysics Science And Language
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Author : AA. VV.
language : en
Publisher: FrancoAngeli
Release Date : 2024-02-01T00:00:00+01:00

Realism And Antirealism In Metaphysics Science And Language written by AA. VV. and has been published by FrancoAngeli this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-01T00:00:00+01:00 with Philosophy categories.


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Science Between Truth And Ethical Responsibility


Science Between Truth And Ethical Responsibility
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Author : Mario Alai
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-04-30

Science Between Truth And Ethical Responsibility written by Mario Alai and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-30 with Science categories.


This book offers the most complete and up-to-date overview of the philosophical work of Evandro Agazzi, presently the most important Italian philosopher of science and one of the most influential in the world. Scholars from seven countries explore his contributions in areas ranging from philosophy of physics and general philosophy of science to bioethics, philosophy of mathematics and logic, epistemology of the social sciences and history of science, philosophy of language and artificial intelligence, education and anthropology, metaphysics and philosophy of religion. Agazzi developed a complete and coherent philosophical system, anticipating some of the turns in the philosophy of science after the crisis of logical empiricism and exerting an equal influence on continental hermeneutic philosophy. His work is characterized by an original synthesis of contemporary analytic philosophy, phenomenology and classical philosophy, including the scholastic tradition and these threads are reflected in the different backgrounds of the contributors to this book. While upholding the epistemological value of science against scepticism and relativism, Agazzi eschews scientism by stressing the equal importance of non-scientific forms of thought, such as metaphysics and religion. While defending the freedom of research as a cognitive enterprise, he argues that as a human and social practice it must nonetheless respect ethical constraints.



Viva Voce


Viva Voce
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Author : Silvia Benso
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 2017-03-30

Viva Voce written by Silvia Benso and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-30 with Philosophy categories.


Firsthand perspectives on the past, present, and future of contemporary Italian philosophy. Through conversations with twenty-three leading Italian philosophers representing a variety of scholarly concerns and methodologies, this volume offers an informal overview of the background, breadth, and distinctiveness of contemporary Italian philosophy as a tradition. The conversations begin with general questions addressing issues of provenance, domestic and foreign influences, and lineages. Next, each scholar discusses the main tenets, theoretical originality, and timeliness of their work. The interviews conclude with thoughts about what directions each philosopher sees the discipline heading in the future. Every conversation is a testimony to the differences that characterize each thinker as unique and that invigorate the Italian philosophical landscape as a whole. The individual replies differ widely in tone, focus, and style. What emerges is a broad, deep, lively, and even witty picture of the Italian philosophical landscape in the voices of its protagonists.



Rethinking Objectivity


Rethinking Objectivity
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Author : Allan Megill
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 1994

Rethinking Objectivity written by Allan Megill and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Philosophy categories.


Although "objectivity" is a term used widely in many areas of public discourse, from discussions concerning the media and politics to debates over political correctness and cultural literacy, the question "What is objectivity?" is often ignored, as if the answer were obvious. In this volume, Allan Megill has gathered essays from fourteen leading scholars in a variety of fields--history, anthropology, philosophy, psychology, history of science, sociology of science, feminist studies, literary studies, and accounting--to gain critical understanding of the idea of objectivity as it functions in today's world. In diverse essays the authors provide fascinating studies of objectivity in such areas as anthropological research, corporate and governmental bureaucracies, legal discourse, photography, and the study and practice of the natural sciences. Taken together, Megill argues, this volume calls for developing a notion of "objectivities." The absolute sense of objectivity--that is, objectivity as a "God's eye view"--must be supplemented, and in part supplanted, by disciplinary, procedural, and dialectical senses of objectivity. This book will be of great interest to a broad range of scholars as it presents current thinking on a topic of fundamental concern across the disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. Contributors. Barry Barnes, Dagmar Barnouw, Lorraine Code, Lorraine Daston, Johannes Fabian, Kenneth J. Gergen, Mary E. Hawkesworth, Barbara Herrnstein Smith, Evelyn Fox Keller, George Levine, Allan Megill, Peter Miller, Andy Pickering, Theodore M. Porter



Methods In The Philosophy Of Science


Methods In The Philosophy Of Science
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Author : Sophie J Veigl
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2025-07-15

Methods In The Philosophy Of Science written by Sophie J Veigl and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-07-15 with Science categories.


A guidebook to methods and methodology, encouraging deeper engagement across the philosophy of science and beyond. The last twenty years have seen multiple methodological revolutions in the philosophy of science: There has been increased diversity concerning the questions asked, who asks those questions, who the relevant audiences are, and what the techniques and tools involved are. In Methods in the Philosophy of Science: A User’s Guide, Sophie Veigl and Adrian Currie introduce this range of methods through both practical advice and philosophical reflection. Each chapter introduces the reader to a method or set of methods in the philosophy of science, discusses its advantages and limitations, and provides practical guidance on how to learn skills relevant to applying the method. The volume fulfills several critical roles. First, by introducing and discussing methods in the philosophy of science, the collection increases philosophers' awareness of methodological options—of particular importance for younger scholars who are often not exposed to the diversity of practice. Second, the collection's practical focus will aid established philosophers in diversifying their own methodological toolkits. Third, collecting this diversity serves as a ground for philosophical reflection on what we, as philosophers, take ourselves to be capable of. Fourth, the collection hopes to increase interdisciplinary links between philosophy and other fields by laying clear the methodological continuity and complement between them.



Rationality In Context


Rationality In Context
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Author : Steven Bland
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-01

Rationality In Context written by Steven Bland and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-01 with Philosophy categories.


This book uses the psychological literature on rationality to weigh in on the recent debate between virtue epistemologists and epistemic situationists. It argues that both sides have misconstrued the literature and that an interactionist framework is needed to square epistemic theory with empirical facts about reasoning and inference. The explosion of empirical literature on human rationality has led to seismic shifts across a multitude of academic disciplines. This book considers its implications for epistemology. In particular, it critically evaluates the treatment of the rationality literature within the recent controversy between virtue epistemologists, who attempt to ground knowledge in stable epistemic virtues, and epistemic situationists, who claim that such a project is doomed by empirical evidence of widespread irrationality. It links this foundational controversy to two of the most important debates in psychology: the Rationality Wars and the person-situation debate. The book argues that both virtue theorists and epistemic situationists have misunderstood the implications of these debates, leading them to focus exclusively on personal dispositions and situational factors as two independent sources of epistemic success, failure, and improvement. A more accurate reading of the empirical literature implies that interactions between epistemic agents and their social, informational, and institutional environments are the fundamental drivers of both rational and irrational behaviour. An interactionist framework motivated by this insight conceives of epistemic virtues and vices as both responsive to and responsible for the environments in which they’re manifested and cultivated. The central aim of this book is to present and defend this novel type of virtue epistemology. Rationality in Context will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of psychology, cognitive psychology, and social psychology.