Selective Admission And The Public Interest
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Selective Admission And The Public Interest
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Author : Michael S. McPherson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Selective Admission And The Public Interest written by Michael S. McPherson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Education categories.
This study describes the American system of higher education's distributive mechanism in the practice of selective admission and considers possible changes in that system. Chapter One presents the work's overall approach, a three level analysis of the current system from the viewpoints of the individual student and the individual college as well as a conspectus of the system as a whole. Chapter Two describes some main features of the outcome of the existing admissions system in terms of the distribution of students across institutions. Chapters Three and Four analyze the consequences of higher education by enumerating and evaluating the various outputs of higher education in terms of what is "fair" and what is "efficient." Here, alternative descriptions of how the educational system actually operates are provided. Chapter Five follows up the earlier work on defining and measuring equity and efficiency by turning to trade-offs between the two. Chapter Six returns to the central issue: the person or institution's pursuit of individual goals may result in a collective situation in which achievement of those goals is frustrated. Chapter Seven looks at what all of this means for policy decision making and concludes that, although radical change in existing practices are neither feasible nor desirable, improvements in both equity and efficiency are possible if relatively small changes (such as institutional cooperation to limit competition-driven expenditures) are implemented. (56 references) (JB)
College Admissions And The Public Interest
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Author : Brainerd Alden Thresher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
College Admissions And The Public Interest written by Brainerd Alden Thresher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Education categories.
Local Justice
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Author : Jon Elster
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 1992-05-14
Local Justice written by Jon Elster and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-05-14 with Political Science categories.
The well-being of individuals routinely depends on their success in obtaining goods and avoiding burdens distributed by society. Local Justice offers the first systematic analysis of the principles and procedures used in dispensing "local justice" in situations as varied as the admission of students to college, the choice of patients for organ transplants, the selection of workers for layoffs, and the induction of men into the army. A prominent theorist in the field of rational choice and decision making, Jon Elster develops a rich selection of empirical examples and case studies to demonstrate the diversity of procedures used by institutions that mete out local justice. From this revealing material Elster fashions a conceptual framework for understanding why institutions make these crucial allocations in the ways they do. Elster's investigation discloses the many complex and varied approaches of such decision-making bodies as selective service and adoption agencies, employers and universities, prison and immigration authorities. What are the conflicting demands placed on these institutions by the needs of applicants, the recommendations of external agencies, and their own organizational imperatives? Often, as Elster shows, methods of allocation may actually aggravate social problems. For instance, the likelihood that handicapped or minority infants will be adopted is further decreased when agencies apply the same stringent screening criteria—exclusion of people over forty, single parents, working wives, and low-income families—that they use for more sought-after babies. Elster proposes a classification of the main principles and procedures used to match goods with individuals, charts the interactions among these mechanisms of local justice, and evaluates them in terms of fairness and efficiency. From his empirical groundwork, Elster builds an innovative analysis of the historical processes by which, at given times and under given circumstances, preferences become principles and principles become procedures. Local Justice concludes with a comparison of local justice systems with major contemporary theories of social justice—utilitarianism, John Rawls's A Theory of Justice, Robert Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia—and discusses the "common-sense conception of justice" held by professional decision makers such as lawyers, economists, and politicians. The difference between what we say about justice and how we actually dispense it is the illuminating principle behind Elster's book. A perceptive and cosmopolitan study, Local Justice is a seminal work for all those concerned with the formation of ethical policy and social welfare—philosophers, economists, political scientists, health care professionals, policy makers, and educators.
Power Voice And The Public Good
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Author : Rodney K. M. Hopson
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2008-12-01
Power Voice And The Public Good written by Rodney K. M. Hopson and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-01 with Education categories.
Focuses on such themes as - attention to the definitional and theoretical underpinnings of globalization; the ubiquitous nature and topical display of globalization; and, the possibilities of understanding, redefining and rethinking aspects of globalization with the backdrop of issues that relate to education, and the pursuit of public good.
Resources In Education
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992-10
Resources In Education written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-10 with Education categories.
College Choices
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Author : Caroline M. Hoxby
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2007-11-01
College Choices written by Caroline M. Hoxby and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-01 with Education categories.
Aspiring college students and their families have many options. A student can attend an in-state or an out-of-state school, a public or private college, a two-year community college program or a four-year university program. Students can attend full-time and have a bachelor of arts degree by the age of twenty-three or mix college and work, progressing toward a degree more slowly. To make matters more complicated, the array of financial aid available is more complex than ever. Students and their families must weigh federal grants, state merit scholarships, college tax credits, and college savings accounts, just to name a few. In College Choices, Caroline Hoxby and a distinguished group of economists show how students and their families really make college decisions—how they respond to financial aid options, how peer relationships figure in the decision-making process, and even whether they need mentoring to get through the admissions process. Students of all sorts are considered—from poor students, who may struggle with applications and whether to continue on to college, to high aptitude students who are offered "free rides" at elite schools. College Choices utilizes the best methods and latest data to analyze the college decision-making process, while explaining how changes in aid and admissions practices inform those decisions as well.
Local Justice In America
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Author : Jon Elster
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 1995-11-16
Local Justice In America written by Jon Elster and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-11-16 with Political Science categories.
Notions of justice and fairness are central to the American belief that the pursuit of a healthy and productive life is the right of all citizens. Yet in the real world there are seldom sufficient resources to meet the needs of everyone, and institutions are routinely forced to make difficult decisions regarding who will be favored and who will not. Local Justice in America is an insightful look into how selections are made in four critical areas: college admissions, kidney transplants, employee layoffs, and legalized immigration. This volume's case studies survey the history and modern rationale behind seemingly enigmatic allocation systems, chronicling the political and ethical debates, occasional scandals, and judicial battles that have shaped them. Though these selection processes differ significantly, each reflects a bitter struggle between opposing—and equally intense—principles of local justice. For example, are admissions officers who use special points to foster student diversity less fair than those who rely exclusively on scholastic achievement? How did the system of personal discretion among doctors selecting transplant patients come to be viewed by the public as more inequitable than compassionate? Does the use of seniority as a gauge in layoffs violate equal opportunity laws or provide employers with their only objective and neutral criterion? How have partisan interest groups repeatedly shifted immigration quotas between the extremes of xenophobia and altruism? In framing chapters, editor Jon Elster draws upon these studies to speculate on the unique nature of the American value system. Arguing that race matters deeply in all considerations of local justice, he discusses how our society's assessment of neediness balances on the often uneasy compromises between the desire to reward deserving individuals and the call to strengthen opportunities for disadvantaged groups. Well informed and stimulating, Local Justice in America speaks directly to policy debates in the fields of health, education, work, and immigration, and makes an important contribution to our understanding of the fundamental social issues that affect our daily welfare.
The Student Aid Game
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Author : Michael McPherson
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-05-11
The Student Aid Game written by Michael McPherson and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-11 with Education categories.
Student aid in higher education has recently become a hot-button issue. Parents trying to pay for their children's education, college administrators competing for students, and even President Bill Clinton, whose recently proposed tax breaks for college would change sharply the federal government's financial commitment to higher education, have staked a claim in its resolution. In The Student Aid Game, Michael McPherson and Morton Owen Schapiro explain how both colleges and governments are struggling to cope with a rapidly changing marketplace, and show how sound policies can help preserve the strengths and remedy some emerging weaknesses of American higher education. McPherson and Schapiro offer a detailed look at how undergraduate education is financed in the United States, highlighting differences across sectors and for students of differing family backgrounds. They review the implications of recent financing trends for access to and choice of undergraduate college and gauge the implications of these national trends for the future of college opportunity. The authors examine how student aid fits into college budgets, how aid and pricing decisions are shaped by government higher education policies, and how competition has radically reshaped the way colleges think about the strategic role of student aid. Of particular interest is the issue of merit aid. McPherson and Schapiro consider the attractions and pitfalls of merit aid from the viewpoint of students, institutions, and society. The Student Aid Game concludes with an examination of policy options for both government and individual institutions. McPherson and Schapiro argue that the federal government needs to keep its attention focused on providing access to college for needy students, while colleges themselves need to constrain their search for strategic advantage by sticking to aid and admission policies they are willing to articulate and defend publicly.
Admissions Testing And The Public Interest
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Author : William Benton Schrader
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Admissions Testing And The Public Interest written by William Benton Schrader and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Universities and colleges categories.
Handbook Of The Economics Of Education
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Author : Eric A. Hanushek
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2006-11-29
Handbook Of The Economics Of Education written by Eric A. Hanushek and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Vol. 4/edited by Eric A. Hanushek, Stephen Machin, Ludger Woessmann. What is the value of an education? Volume 4 combines recent data with new methodologies to examine this and related questions from diverse perspectives. School choice and school competition, educator incentives, the college premium, and other considerations help make sense of the investments and returns associated with education.