Statistical Models Of The Temperature And Gaseous Components Of The Atmosphere
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Statistical Models Of The Temperature And Gaseous Components Of The Atmosphere
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Author : V.E. Zuev
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1987-11-30
Statistical Models Of The Temperature And Gaseous Components Of The Atmosphere written by V.E. Zuev and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-11-30 with Science categories.
Variability Of Air Temperature And Atmospheric Precipitation In The Arctic
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Author : Rajmund Przybylak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-11
Variability Of Air Temperature And Atmospheric Precipitation In The Arctic written by Rajmund Przybylak and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-11 with Science categories.
It has been known at least since the end of the century that the polar areas play a very important role in the formation of the Earth’s climates. It is also known today that they are the most sensitive regions to climatic change, and are thus perfect case studies for the detection of such changes. The most serious obstacle to the study of climatic and other geographical elements of the polar areas (including the Arctic) has always been the severe climatic conditions which prevail in these regions. Because of these extreme con- tions, research into particular elements of the climatic system (including the atmosphere) began here much later than it did in lower latitudes. For instance, the whole area of the Arctic was not sufficiently covered with a network of meteorological stations until the late 1940s (and even then there were large areas of the central Arctic and the Greenland interior for which no data were available). This is probably why it was not until the start of the 1990s that a body of work began to appear which analysed in any depth climatic variability for the Arctic as a whole. While a considerable number of papers had been p- lished before this period, most of them were local studies presenting highly localised information, providing air temperature measurements but often little else.
Global Climatology And Ecodynamics
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Author : Arthur Philip Cracknell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-11-04
Global Climatology And Ecodynamics written by Arthur Philip Cracknell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-04 with Science categories.
The exclusive role of natural ecosystems is a key factor in the maintenance of the biospheric equilibrium. The current global crisis is largely caused by their dramatic decline by 43% in the past hundred years. Ignoring the immutable laws and limitations which determine the existence of all living things in the biosphere could lead humanity to an ecological catastrophe. This book presents the ecological, demographic, economic and socio-psychological manifestations of the global crisis and outlines the immutable laws and limitations which determine the existence of all living things in the biosphere. The authors are eminently qualified to write about the problems associated with the global crisis and consider the causes behind humanity's conflict with its environment. V. Danilov-Danilian, Associate of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russia's former Minister of the Environment, and K. Losev, professor at Moscow State university, are leading Russian ecologists and I. Reyf is a journalist who specializes in ecology and global development. Dr. Danilov-Danilian works on the economics of nature management, economic and mathematical model building, sustainable development theory and ecology. Dr Losev is the chief researcher and head of the division of the VINITI. All the authors have published numerous papers, articles and books on such subjects as glaciology, hydrology, environment studies, global change and sustainable development.
Theoretical Fundamentals Of Atmospheric Optics
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Author : Yu. M. Timofeyev
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Int Science Publishing
Release Date : 2008
Theoretical Fundamentals Of Atmospheric Optics written by Yu. M. Timofeyev and has been published by Cambridge Int Science Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Science categories.
The book describes the theoretical fundamentals of atmospheric optics as a science of propagation, transformation and generation of electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere from ultraviolet to microwave radiation. The main characteristics of the planets of the solar system and their atmospheres are given. The equation of the transfer of radiation in different spectral ranges, absorption of radiation by atmospheric gases and aerosol, molecular, aerosol and other types of nonresonant scattering, atmospheric refraction, reflection of radiation from the surface, and glow of the atmosphere are discussed. Methods of calculating radiation for the solar and thermal range of the spectrum are outlined. Problems of radiation energetics and remote probing of the atmosphere are discussed. 1. Solar system: planets and the Sun 2. Earth's atmosphere 3. Propagation of radiation in atmosphere 4. Molecular absorption in atmosphere 5. Scattering of light in atmosphere 6. Optical properties of underlying surfaces 7. Fundamentals of theory of transfer of natural radiation of atmosphere 8. Main concepts of theory of transfer of solar radiation 9. Radiation energetics of the atmosphereunderlying suface system 10. Radiation as a source of information on optical and physical parameters of planet atmospheres
Cloud Optics
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Author : Alexander A. Kokhanovsky
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-02-25
Cloud Optics written by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-02-25 with Science categories.
Clouds affect the climate of the Earth, and they are an important factor in the weather. Therefore, their radiative properties must be understood in great detail. This book summarizes current knowledge on cloud optical properties, for example their ability to absorb, transmit, and reflect light, which depends on the clouds’ geometrical and microphysical characteristics such as sizes of droplets and crystals, their shapes, and structures. In addition, problems related to the image transfer through clouds and cloud remote sensing are addressed in this book in great detail. This book can be an important source of information on theoretical cloud optics for cloud physicists, meteorologists and optical engineers. All basic ideas of optics as related to scattering of light in clouds (e.g. Mie theory and radiative transfer) are considered in a self consistent way. Consequently, the book can also be a useful textbook to newcomers to the field.
Short Wave Solar Radiation In The Earth S Atmosphere
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Author : Irina N. Melnikova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-08-29
Short Wave Solar Radiation In The Earth S Atmosphere written by Irina N. Melnikova and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-29 with Science categories.
Based on data from an experiment which ran for ten years, this book summarizes the results of the Atmospheric Physics Department of the St. Petersburg University and the Main Geophysical Observatory. The processed data now forms a rich dataset of spectral values of radiative characteristics under different atmospheric conditions. The analysis of this database clearly shows that the solar radiative absorption in a dusty and cloudy atmosphere is significantly higher than assumed to date. Both graduate students of atmospheric sciences as well as scientists and researchers in the field of meteorology and climatology will find a wealth of new data and information in this monograph.
Carbonaceous Aerosol
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Author : András Gelencsér
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-09-28
Carbonaceous Aerosol written by András Gelencsér and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-28 with Science categories.
The concept of carbonaceous aerosol has only recently emerged from atmospheric pollution studies; even standard nomenclature and terminology are still unsettled. This monograph is the first to offer comprehensive coverage of the nature and atmospheric role of carbonaceous aerosol particles. Atmospheric chemists, physicists, meteorologists, and modellers will find this a thought-inspiring and sometimes provocative overview of all global phenomena affected by or related to carbonaceous aerosol.
Microphysics Of Clouds And Precipitation
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Author : H.R. Pruppacher
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1996-12-31
Microphysics Of Clouds And Precipitation written by H.R. Pruppacher and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-12-31 with Science categories.
Cloud physics has achieved such a voluminous literature over the past few decades that a significant quantitative study of the entire field would prove unwieldy. This book concentrates on one major aspect: cloud microphysics, which involves the processes that lead to the formation of individual cloud and precipitation particles. Common practice has shown that one may distinguish among the following addi tional major aspects: cloud dynamics, which is concerned with the physics respon sible for the macroscopic features of clouds; cloud electricity, which deals with the electrical structure of clouds and the electrification processes of cloud and precipi tation particles; and cloud optics and radar meteorology, which describe the effects of electromagnetic waves interacting with clouds and precipitation. Another field intimately related to cloud physics is atmospheric chemistry, which involves the chemical composition ofthe atmosphere and the life cycle and characteristics of its gaseous and particulate constituents. In view of the natural interdependence of the various aspects of cloud physics, the subject of microphysics cannot be discussed very meaningfully out of context. Therefore, we have found it necessary to touch briefly upon a few simple and basic concepts of cloud dynamics and thermodynamics, and to provide an account of the major characteristics of atmospheric aerosol particles. We have also included a separate chapter on some of the effects of electric fields and charges on the precipitation-forming processes.
Monsoons Over China
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Author : Ding Yihui
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Monsoons Over China written by Ding Yihui and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
The monsoon over China is one of the major components of the general circulation on a global basis. Its activity be ars a significant regional implication in East Asia and Southeast Asia. Recently, the remarkable relationship and teleconnection between this part of the monsoon and other regions over the world have been revealed. However, little of the overall picture of monsoons over China is known by meteorologists in English-speaking countries. This monograph provides the first opportunity to extensively introduce this subject and give a comprehensive and systematic description of the major aspects of monsoons over China, with a special emphasis on the fluctuations of the monsoon on various scales and the effects of the Tibetan Plateau on the monsoon. Much highly original material and achievements Chinese and Western meteorologists have made from the past 20 years have been incorporated with a unifying approach. In each chapter, the observational and theoretical (including modelling) treatment will be closely combined in order to fully illustrate the relevent problems. The unique thermal and dynamical effects of the Tibetan Plateau on the monsoon circulation features wh ich are one of the central problems of the Asian monsoon are highlights of this monograph. Researchers in meteorology and weather forecasters should find this book a very useful introduction to monsoons over China, not only for its systematic treatment of the subject, but also because of its considerable historical information. This mono graph is equally suitable for graduates or more advanced students in meteorology, hydrology, and oceanography.
Nonlinear Physical Oceanography
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Author : Henk A. Dijkstra
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-07-16
Nonlinear Physical Oceanography written by Henk A. Dijkstra and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-16 with Science categories.
Taken from a review of the first edition in SIAM: "This text is different from most others in that it combines several different disciplines and draws on many scientific studies in order to deduce mechanisms of ocean circulation. (...) Therefore (it) cannot be substituted, and (...) it meets its unique goals with clarity and thoroughness".