Surrogate Markers To Assess Efficacy Of Treatment In Chronic Liver Diseases
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Surrogate Markers To Assess Efficacy Of Treatment In Chronic Liver Diseases
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Author : J. Reichen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1996-06-30
Surrogate Markers To Assess Efficacy Of Treatment In Chronic Liver Diseases written by J. Reichen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-06-30 with Medical categories.
Therefore, surrogate markers for the different conditions are sorely needed in order to assess the value of these novel treatment modalities.
Evaluation Of Biomarkers And Surrogate Endpoints In Chronic Disease
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-06-25
Evaluation Of Biomarkers And Surrogate Endpoints In Chronic Disease written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-25 with Medical categories.
Many people naturally assume that the claims made for foods and nutritional supplements have the same degree of scientific grounding as those for medication, but that is not always the case. The IOM recommends that the FDA adopt a consistent scientific framework for biomarker evaluation in order to achieve a rigorous and transparent process.
Prevention Of Progression In Chronic Liver Disease
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Author : N. Hiyashi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-07-21
Prevention Of Progression In Chronic Liver Disease written by N. Hiyashi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-21 with Medical categories.
In several liver diseases, the underlying cause cannot always be eliminated, i.e. the progression of liver disease cannot be prevented. This is particularly true for non-responders to the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (HCV). It is relevant for more than 40% of patients with HCV genotype 1 and up to 20% of patients with genotype 2 or 3. Several approaches are now underway to prevent or ameliorate mechanisms of disease progression. In Asia, and particularly in Japan, Glycyrrhizine-SNMC has been widely used for this purpose. At present, SNMC is under clinical evaluation in Europe. This book, the proceedings of the Falk Workshop on 'Prevention of Progression in Chronic Liver Disease - An Update on SNMC (Stronger Neo-Minophagen C)' (Part IV of the XII Falk Liver Week, in honour of Hans Popper's 100th birthday) held in Freiburg, Germany, on 22 October 2003, is devoted to the understanding of basic mechanisms of fibrogenesis, the state of the art of non-invasive markers of disease progression that may substitute liver biopsy in the future, and of other predictive parameters indicating disease progression, in particular the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. All these problems are particularly relevant for chronic hepatitis C. A better characterization of so-called non-responders for the treatments available is crucial for the development of new strategies preventing or postponing disease progression. Such strategies should influence fibrogenesis and, thus, cirrhosis formation as well as the development of life threatening complications of liver cirrhosis, including hepatocellular carcinoma. In this volume, the available information on SNMC as an approach to prevent progression of chronic liver disease is discussed by several internationally renowned authors who report on the mechanisms of liver fibrogenesis and fibrolysis, on non-invasive markers of disease progression, and on hepatocellular carcinoma as one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis nowadays. Finally, experts from Japan report on their knowledge and experience concerning the drug SNMC/Glycyrrhizine in the prevention of cirrhosis and HCC, and first study results from Europe are presented.
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
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Author : Keith D. Lindor
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis written by Keith D. Lindor and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
The condition of prolonged obstructive jaundice with patent bile ducts was first described in 1851 by Addison and Gull of Guy's Hospital, London. The term primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was defined in 1950 by Ahrens and colleagues of the Rockefeller Institute, New York. The condition was considered rare but this changed in 1965 with the discovery of a definitive diagnostic serum mitochondrial antibody test and the recognition that a raised serum alkaline phosphatase value, often discovered incidentally, could be a diagnostic pointer. If the diagnosis is made earlier, the end stages are rarely reached as death is replaced by liver transplantation. On November 6th 1997, in Chicago, an International Faculty discussed in depth the clinical features, pathogenesis and treatment of PBC, no longer considered a rare disease. The course of PBC is long, but some 18 years after the discovery of a positive mitochondrial antibody test in a symptom free patient with normal serum biochemistry, 83% will have developed abnormal tests and 76% will be symptomatic. Identification of those who will progress rapidly is difficult. The serum antimitochondrial profile may be useful but this is a very specialist technique. Mathematical prognostic models are useful in therapeutic trials and in the selection and timing of patients for liver transplantation but have limited value in individual patients. An increasing serum bilirubin level remains the most important indicator of rapid progression. Its value however can be negated by the use of ursodeoxycholic acid which has a bilirubin-lowering effect.
Cholestatic Liver Diseases Therapeutic Options And Perspectives
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Author : U. Leuschner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-06-30
Cholestatic Liver Diseases Therapeutic Options And Perspectives written by U. Leuschner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-30 with Medical categories.
During the last decade, knowledge about cholestatic liver disease and concomitant diseases, such as ulcerative colitis, cholangio- and hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreas and colon cancer, has increased considerably. Studies on ursodeoxycholic acid treatment alone or in combination with immunosuppressive compounds and their positive effects on biliary liver disease as well as on so-called overlap syndromes or intestinal tumors are published in increasing numbers, and stimulate discussion on whether or not ursodeoxycholic acid is able to improve the general condition and/or life expectancy of patients. On the other hand, genetics, aetiological and pathogenetic aspects are still difficult to comprehend, but are the absolute prerequisite for the development of better treatment options. This book is the proceedings of Falk Symposium No. 136 (Part I of the XII Falk Liver Week, held in Freiburg, Germany, on October 15-16, 2003), and contains stimulating, exciting and controversial papers on clinical and also basic research at the highest scientific level.
Immunological Diseases Of Liver And Gut
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Author : M. Lukás
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-06-30
Immunological Diseases Of Liver And Gut written by M. Lukás and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-30 with Medical categories.
This book is the proceedings of the Falk Symposium No. 135 held in Prague, Czech Republic, on September 12-13, 2003, and is dedicated to the important issue of immunological aspects of diseases of the liver and gut. Without any doubt, immunological pathways are among the most important and universal factors in the pathogenesis of all diseases. Their importance is also constantly increasing, because these principles have been adopted in clinical practice for both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Chapters by prominent experts will stimulate new ideas and set the scene for productive discussion on this topic.
Immunology And Liver
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Author : M.P. Manns
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Immunology And Liver written by M.P. Manns and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
In 1992, the Falk Symposium No. 70 dealt with the topic `Immunology and Liver'. At that time basic mechanisms of immunology as well as immunopathogenetic mechanisms in viral and autoimmune liver diseases were discussed. Now, 7 years later, the Falk Symposium No. 114, held in Basel, Switzerland, October 20-21 1999 (Part I of the Basel Liver Week 1999), focused on immunology in autoimmune liver diseases. In the first section basic mechanisms of autoimmunity are presented, including the relevance of superantigens and the role of apoptosis. A further topic is the latest developments concerning animal models for autoimmune diseases. Recently the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group newly defined and reclassified the syndrome of autoimmune hepatitis. Autoimmune hepatitis is now identified and studied in all parts of the world, including Asia and South America. A special variant of autoimmune hepatitis was identified as one organ manifestation of the autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, a genetic disease caused by mutations in a single transcription factor. Drug- and hepatitis-virus induced immune mediated liver diseases may serve as models for nonhepatic immune mediated disorders. DNA technology has increased our knowledge of the immunogenetic background of autoimmune liver diseases. Among the cholestatic immune mediated liver diseases, significant progress has been made concerning primary biliary cirrhosis, in particular regarding the identification of mitochondrial antigens and the characterisation of the immune reactions directed at them. The involvement of infectious agents in PBC as well as the definition of overlap syndromes is a particular focus for basic and clinical research in this area. Concerning the therapy of autoimmune liver diseases, corticosteroids and azathioprin remain the state of the art for autoimmune hepatitis, while bile acids have become well established in treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis as well as primary sclerosing cholangitis. New drugs in the future will include topical steroids such as budesonide and new immunosuppressive agents like mofetil/mycophenolate. Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for end stage liver diseases; all autoimmune liver diseases are among the best candidates for liver transplantation. Hopefully, new therapeutic strategies based on the results obtained from experimental models will become everyday clinical practice in the next decade. Therefore this symposium concludes with a discussion.
Gut And The Liver
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Author : H.E. Blum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1998-02-28
Gut And The Liver written by H.E. Blum and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-02-28 with Medical categories.
This book, the proceedings of Falk Symposium 100, `Gut and the Liver', held in Freiburg, Germany, 29-31 May 1997, comprehensively reviews the physiological and pathophysiological interactions between the intestine and the liver as well as between intestinal and hepatic diseases. Apart from the basic aspects of the intestinal microflora and the immune system of the gut, gastrointestinal permeability and translocation as well as the contribution of the intestine and the intestinal bacteria to the metabolism of bile acids, amino acids and drugs are discussed. In addition, experimental as well as clinical data demonstrating the significance of gut-derived bacterial toxins for the development of liver diseases and the effect of liver diseases on gastrointestinal functions are discussed. The major aim of this book, therefore, is to highlight the interactions between gut and liver at the molecular level as well as in clinical disease.
Malignant Liver Tumours Basic Concepts And Clinical Management
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Author : F. Berr
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-11-30
Malignant Liver Tumours Basic Concepts And Clinical Management written by F. Berr and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-30 with Medical categories.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC), both increasing in incidence, have become a major topic of basic and clinical research as well as clinical practice in hepatology. Experts in the field update the current concepts on the carcinogenesis of HCC and CC such as genetic alterations in the pathways of cell cylce and apoptosis regulation, the hypothesis of dedifferentiation of hepatocytes to the malignant phenotype vs that of activation of hepatic progenitor cells incapable of maturation (maturation arrest hypothesis). In spite of an increasing number of genetic alterations described in human HCC as well as cell regulatory pathways tested in experimental HCC models, the key hits causing progression of the cell cycle in imbalance with apoptosis, tissue invasive growth and metastatic potential of cell clones still remain elusive. Very powerful genomic and proteomic techniques are promising insights into the carcinogenesis of liver malignancies that will allow more efficient therapeutic strategies. The current concepts on risk profiling, surveillance of risk groups and therapeutic strategies are evidence-based for HCC and less detailed for CC. Surveillance of risk groups improves detection of liver tumours in curable stages. Best strategies for curative treatment of HCC use neoadjuvant antitumour therapies before liver transplantation and a role is emerging for living donor-related liver transplantation. New palliative therapies for HCC are in the experimental stage with biological response modifiers, including angiogenesis inhibitors, and entering phase II clinical trials with the alpha-fetoprotein derived vaccines.
Clinical Challenges In Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
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Author : M. Campieri
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1998-01-31
Clinical Challenges In Inflammatory Bowel Diseases written by M. Campieri and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-31 with Medical categories.
Most symposia on chronic inflammatory bowel disease during the last few years have focused on new aspects of aetiology and pathophysiology. However, based on such new aspects, changes in diagnosis and treatment have been developed over the last few years and some others are currently under investigation. This book, the proceedings of Falk Symposium 97, `Clinical Challenges in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment', held in Lugano, Switzerland, 18-19 April 1997, summarizes these changes and new developments, discusses their value and defines further new approaches. The topics include primary diagnosis, definition of different patient groups, special problems of these patients in daily life and very new therapeutic principles. This volume opens new possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease to physicians and provides stimulation for further development.