Systematic Investigation Of The Interplay Between Biomaterials And The Immune System In Vitro
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Systematic Investigation Of The Interplay Between Biomaterials And The Immune System In Vitro
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Author : Florian Billing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Systematic Investigation Of The Interplay Between Biomaterials And The Immune System In Vitro written by Florian Billing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Medical implants are widely used nowadays. Following tissue contact, proteins adhere to the device's surface and surrounding cells become activated, causing an initial inflammatory host response. If this host response develops into a chronic inflammatory state, significant adverse effects such as implant rejection and loss might occur. The physico-chemical qualities of the biomaterials employed have a substantial influence on the degree of the immune response. Therefore, modulating surface properties such as topography or wettability may be a viable strategy for altering the immune response. However, the complex interrelation between surface properties, highly sensitive adsorption of proteins, and multifaceted immune response remains largely unresolved. This thesis aims at investigating the interplay of all three of these critical factors determining a device's biocompatibility in order to enable effective modulation of the immune response to biomedical implants. In the first part of this thesis, investigation of the contributing role of different immune cell types identified monocytes/macrophages as essential mediators of the initial inflammatory response, while involvement of T and NK cells was just minor during this phase. Analysis of titanium dental implant specimen revealed surface-dependent immune responses related to wettability and roughness. In contrast, systematic analysis of the influence of surface roughness of polymer materials in the second part of the thesis showed similar immunological activation irrespective of the applied surface roughness throughout the tested range. This was independent of the biological complexity of the cell culture system used (macrophage cell line, PBMCs, whole blood). The final section of the thesis examined wettability-mediated effects on immune cell activity using PEM coatings and discovered that pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses are highly dependent on wettability, with lower pro-inflammatory effects reported on the more hydrophilic PEM surface. Experiments using serum-free cell culture medium demonstrated that the observed effects are clearly dependent on the presence of serum proteins at the biomaterial surface. Significant changes in the type and amount of adsorbed proteins were discovered using mass spectrometry analysis. The observed immunological differences could be correlated with the presence of specific apolipoproteins at the surfaces, implying that apolipoproteins might play a significant role in the modulation of biomaterial immune responses. These findings may aid in the targeted design of immunomodulatory surfaces to promote healing and implant integration. In addition, they place a larger emphasis on adsorption of proteins such as apolipoproteins as crucial class of immune cell mediators.
Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases
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Author : Rajko Reljic
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-15
Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases written by Rajko Reljic and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-15 with categories.
Interdependencies And Interfaces In Bone Regeneration The Immune System At Its Core
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Author : Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-03-19
Interdependencies And Interfaces In Bone Regeneration The Immune System At Its Core written by Katharina Schmidt-Bleek and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-19 with Medical categories.
Management Of Dysregulated Immune Response In The Critically Ill
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Author : Zsolt Molnar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-11
Management Of Dysregulated Immune Response In The Critically Ill written by Zsolt Molnar and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-11 with Medical categories.
This book, part of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) textbook series, deals with dysregulated host response a relatively new term introduced by the Sepsis-3 definitions in 2016. In contrast to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that has been used for nearly 30 years, this is a fundamentally new concept, which requires some sort of a paradigm shift in the way of thinking of critical care physicians. This change obviously requires time and after 5 years, time is ripe to summarize the knowledge in the form of a comprehensive book. The book is split in 4 sections. In the first one, the host immune response is explained in 11 chapters, followed by the next part, summarizing the possible tools for assessment at the bedside. The third and the fourth parts focus on the effects of dysregulated immune response on vital organ function and on the possible ways of immunomodulation. Written by internationally acclaimed experts of the field, the book is of value for all those intensivists and allied professionals working in ICUs.
Regenerative Medicine And Biomaterials For The Repair Of Connective Tissues
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Author : Charles Archer
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2010-01-12
Regenerative Medicine And Biomaterials For The Repair Of Connective Tissues written by Charles Archer and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Regenerative medicine for the repair of connective tissues is a fast moving field which generates a lot of interest. Unfortunately the biomaterials and biomechanics for soft tissue repair has been under-represented in the past. Particularly the natural association between cartilage, tendons and ligaments is often not made.Regenerative medicine and biomaterials for the repair of connective tissues addresses this gap in the market by bringing together the natural association of cartilage, tendons and ligaments to provide a review of the different structures, biomechanics and, more importantly, provide a clear discussion of practical techniques and biomaterials which may be used to repair the connective tissues.Part one discusses cartilage repair and regeneration with chapters on such topics as structure, biomechanics and repair of cartilage. Chapters in Part two focus on the repair of tendons on ligaments with particular techniques including cell-based therapies for the repair and regeneration of tendons and ligaments and scaffolds for tendon and ligament tissue engineering. - Addresses the natural association between cartilage, tendons and ligaments which is often not made - Provides a review of the different structures, biomechanics and practical techniques which are used in the repair of connective tissues - Chapters focus on such areas as cartilage repair and regeneration, the repair of tendons and ligaments, investigating techniques including scaffolds and cell-based therapies
Orthopedic Biomaterials
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Author : Bingyun Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-22
Orthopedic Biomaterials written by Bingyun Li and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-22 with Medical categories.
This book covers the latest advances, applications, and challenges in orthopedic biomaterials. Topics covered include materials for orthopedic applications, including nanomaterials, biomimetic materials, calcium phosphates, polymers, biodegradable metals, bone grafts/implants, and biomaterial-mediated drug delivery. Absorbable orthopedic biomaterials and challenges related to orthopedic biomaterials are covered in detail. This is an ideal book for graduate and undergraduate students, researchers, and professionals working with orthopedic biomaterials and tissue engineering. This book also: Describes biodegradable metals for orthopedic applications, such as Zn-based medical implants Thoroughly covers various materials for orthopedic applications, including absorbable orthopedic biomaterials with a focus on polymers Details the state-of-the-art research on orthopedic nanomaterials and nanotechnology
Host Response To Biomaterials
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Author : Stephen F. Badylak
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-05-08
Host Response To Biomaterials written by Stephen F. Badylak and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-08 with Medical categories.
Host Response to Biomaterials: The Impact of Host Response on Biomaterial Selection explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications, focusing on the host response to each biomaterial. It is one of the first books to connect immunology and biomaterials with regard to host response. The text also explores the role of the immune system in host response, and covers the regulatory environment for biomaterials, along with the benefits of synthetic versus natural biomaterials, and the transition from simple to complex biomaterial solutions. Fields covered include, but are not limited to, orthopaedic surgery, dentistry, general surgery, neurosurgery, urology, and regenerative medicine. - Explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications - Contains a range of extensive coverage, including, but not limited to, orthopedic, surgery, dental, general surgery, neurosurgery, lower urinary tract, and regenerative medicine - Includes regulations regarding combination devices
Interaction Of Nanomaterials With The Immune System Role In Nanosafety And Nanomedicine
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Author : Paola Italiani
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-04-10
Interaction Of Nanomaterials With The Immune System Role In Nanosafety And Nanomedicine written by Paola Italiani and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-10 with categories.
The immune system has the double role of maintaining tissue integrity and homeostasis and of protecting the organism from possible dangers, from invading pathogens to environmentally-borne dangerous chemicals. New chemicals recognisable by the immune system are engineered nanomaterials/ nanoparticles, new agents in our environment that are becoming common due to their presence in many products, from constructions and building material (e.g., solar cells, pigments and paints, tilesand masonry materials) to daily products (e.g., food packaging, cosmetics, and cigarettes). Human beings can be accidentally exposed to engineered nanomaterials when these are released from products containing them or during production in workplaces. Furthermore, intentional exposure occurs in medicine, as engineered nanoparticles are used as tools for improving delivery of drugs and vaccines, vaccine adjuvants and contrast agents in therapeutic, preventive and diagnostic strategies. Nanoparticles that come in contact with the immune system after unintentional exposure need to be eliminated from the organism as they represent a potential threat. In this case, however, due to their peculiar characteristics of size, shape, surface charge and persistence, nanoparticles may elicit undesirable reactions and have detrimental effects on the immune system, such as cytotoxicity, inflammation, anaphylaxis, immunosuppression. Conversely, nanomedicines need to escape immune recognition/elimination and must persist in the organism long enough for reaching their target and exerting their beneficial effects. Immune cells and molecules at the body surface (airway and digestive mucosae, skin) are the first that come in contact with nanomaterials upon accidental exposure, while immune effectors in blood are those that more easily come in contact with nanomedical products. Thus, evaluating the interaction of the immune system with nanoparticles/nanomaterials is a topic of key importance both in nanotoxicology and in nanomedicine. Immuno-nanosafety studies consider both accidental exposure to nanoparticles, which may occur by skin contact, ingestion or inhalation (at doses and with a frequency that are not known), and medical exposure, which takes place with a defined administration schedule (route, dose, frequency). Many studies focus on the interaction between the immune system and nanoparticles that, for medical purposes, have been specifically modified to stimulate immunity or to avoid immune recognition, as in the case of vaccine carriers/adjuvants or drug delivery systems, respectively. The aims of this Research Topic is to provide an overview of recent strategies: 1.for assessing the immunosafety of engineered nanomaterials/nanoparticles, in particular in terms of activation of inflammatory responses, such as complement activation and allergic reactions, based on the nanomaterial intrinsic characteristics and on the possible carry-over of bioactive contaminants such as LPS. Production of new nanoparticles taking into account their effects on immune responses, in order to avoid undesirable effects on one hand, and to design particles with desirable effects for medical applications on the other hand; 2.for designing more effective nanomedicines by either avoiding or exploiting their interaction with the immune systems, with particular focus on cancer diagnosis and therapy, and vaccination. This collection of articles gives a comprehensive view of the state-of-the-art of the interaction of nanoparticles with the immune system from the two perspectives of safety and medical use, and aims at providing immunologists with the relevant knowledge for designing improved strategies for immunologically safe nanomaterial applications.
Comprehensive Materials Processing
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2014-04-07
Comprehensive Materials Processing written by and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Comprehensive Materials Processing, Thirteen Volume Set provides students and professionals with a one-stop resource consolidating and enhancing the literature of the materials processing and manufacturing universe. It provides authoritative analysis of all processes, technologies, and techniques for converting industrial materials from a raw state into finished parts or products. Assisting scientists and engineers in the selection, design, and use of materials, whether in the lab or in industry, it matches the adaptive complexity of emergent materials and processing technologies. Extensive traditional article-level academic discussion of core theories and applications is supplemented by applied case studies and advanced multimedia features. Coverage encompasses the general categories of solidification, powder, deposition, and deformation processing, and includes discussion on plant and tool design, analysis and characterization of processing techniques, high-temperatures studies, and the influence of process scale on component characteristics and behavior. Authored and reviewed by world-class academic and industrial specialists in each subject field Practical tools such as integrated case studies, user-defined process schemata, and multimedia modeling and functionality Maximizes research efficiency by collating the most important and established information in one place with integrated applets linking to relevant outside sources
Nanotechnology For Precision Cancer Therapy Advances In Gene Therapy Immunotherapy And 3d Bioprinting
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Author : Christiane Pienna Soares
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-12-07
Nanotechnology For Precision Cancer Therapy Advances In Gene Therapy Immunotherapy And 3d Bioprinting written by Christiane Pienna Soares and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-07 with Science categories.