The Attentional Control Of Spatial Perception
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The Attentional Control Of Spatial Perception
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Author : Gunther W. Balz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Attentional Control Of Spatial Perception written by Gunther W. Balz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Attention categories.
Attention Predictions And Expectations And Their Violation Attentional Control In The Human Brain
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Author : Simone Vossel
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-05-20
Attention Predictions And Expectations And Their Violation Attentional Control In The Human Brain written by Simone Vossel and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-20 with Attentional control categories.
In the burdened scenes of everyday life, our brains must select from among many competing inputs for perceptual synthesis - so that only the most relevant receive full attention and irrelevant (distracting) information is suppressed. At the same time, we must remain responsive to salient events outside our current focus of attention - and balancing these two processing modes is a fundamental task our brain constantly needs to solve. Both the physical saliency of a stimulus, as well as top-down predictions about imminent sensations crucially influence attentional selection and consequently the response to unexpected events. Research over recent decades has identified two separate brain networks involved in predictive top-down control and reorientation to unattended events (or oddball stimuli): the dorsal and ventral fronto-parietal attention systems of the human brain. Moreover, specific electrophysiological brain responses are known to characterize attentional orienting as well as the processing of deviant stimuli. However, many key questions are outstanding. What are the exact functional differences between these cortical attention systems? How are they lateralised in the two hemispheres? How do top-down and bottom-up signals interact to enable flexible attentional control? How does structural damage to one system affect the functionality of the other in brain damaged patients? Are there sensory-specific and supra-modal attentional systems in the brain? In addition to these questions, it is now accepted that brain responses are not only affected by the saliency of external stimuli, but also by our expectations about sensory inputs. How these two influences are balanced, and how predictions are formed in cortical networks, or generated on the basis of experience-dependent learning, are intriguing issues. In this Research Topic, we aim to collect innovative contributions that shed further light on the (cortical) mechanisms of attentional control in the human brain. In particular, we would like to encourage submissions that investigate the behavioural correlates, functional anatomy or electrophysiological markers of attentional selection and reorientation. Special emphasis will be given to studies investigating the context-sensitivity of these attentional processes in relation to prior expectations, trial history, contextual cues or physical saliency. We would like to encourage submissions employing different research methods (psychophysical recordings, neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI, MEG, EEG or ECoG, as well as neurostimulation methods such as TMS or tDCS) in healthy volunteers or neurological patients. Computational models and animal studies are also welcome. Finally, we also welcome submission of meta-analyses and reviews articles that provide new insights into, or conclusions about recent work in the field.
The Neuroscience Of Attention The Neuroscience Of Attention
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Author : George R. Mangun
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-02-16
The Neuroscience Of Attention The Neuroscience Of Attention written by George R. Mangun and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-16 with Medical categories.
This book will provide the reader with a solid overview of the mechanisms and models in the neuroscience of attentional control and selection from leading authorities working in humans and animals, and incorporating a array of neuroscience methods from single neuron recordings to functional brain imaging.
The Influence Of Attention Learning And Motivation On Visual Search
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Author : Michael D. Dodd
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-09
The Influence Of Attention Learning And Motivation On Visual Search written by Michael D. Dodd and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-09 with Psychology categories.
The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search will bring together distinguished authors who are conducting cutting edge research on the many factors that influence search behavior. These factors will include low-level feature detection; statistical learning; scene perception; neural mechanisms of attention; and applied research in real world settings.
Attention Space And Action
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Author : Glyn W. Humphreys
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1999
Attention Space And Action written by Glyn W. Humphreys and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
To generate coherent behavior, the brain needs to attend selectively to the many objects that are present in the environment, but this poses several questions. How does the brain know which objects 'belong together'? How does the information from different senses get combined? How does this help to plan and carry out actions? The subject of attentional mechanisms has a long history in cognitive psychology, as it is the key to making sense of the visual world. However, new developments in cognitive neuroscience, and greater understanding of how attention and action are integrated, have transformed the field. This book is the first to bring together leading researchers to discuss the convergence of experimental findings in the following areas: visual selective attention, attention and perceptual integration, spatial representation and attention, visual attention and action, and control of attention. Attention, Space, and Action provides a unique combination of perspectives that will appeal to students and researchers from psychology, neuropsychology, neurophysiology, and neuroanatomy.
Spatial Processing In Navigation Imagery And Perception
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Author : Fred W. Mast
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-06-13
Spatial Processing In Navigation Imagery And Perception written by Fred W. Mast and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-13 with Medical categories.
The processing of spatial information is an increasingly important topic, especially in recent few years, with new findings emerging from such diverse disciplines as cognitive neuroscience; cognitive psychology; sensorimotor integration; neuropsychology and neuroanatomy. Bringing together contributions from a group of internationally highly renowned researchers from across these disciplines, this book offers a state-of-the-art platform on which the latest developments in spatial processing are presented.
Attentional Capture
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Author : Bradley S. Gibson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Attentional Capture written by Bradley S. Gibson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Psychology categories.
The notion that certain mental or physical events can capture attention has been one of the most enduring topics in the study of attention owing to the importance of understanding how goal-directed and stimulus-driven processes interact in perception and cognition. Despite the clear theoretical and applied importance of attentional capture, a broad survey of this field suggests that the term "capture" means different things to different people. In some cases, it refers to covert shifts of spatial attention, in others involuntary saccades, and in still others general disruption of processing by irrelevant stimuli. The properties that elicit "capture" can also range from abruptly onset or moving lights, to discontinuities in textures, to unexpected tones, to emotionally valenced words or pictures, to directional signs and symbols. Attentional capture has been explored in both the spatial and temporal domains as well as the visual and auditory modalities. There are also a number of different theoretical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying "capture" (both functional and neurophysiological) and the level of cognitive control over capture. This special issue provides a sampling of the diversity of approaches, domains, and theoretical perspectives that currently exist in the study of attentional capture. Together, these contributions should help evaluate the degree to which attentional capture represents a unitary construct that reflects fundamental theoretical principles and mechanisms of the mind.
You Re More Flexible Than You Think
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Author : Anna Maria Giammarco
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
You Re More Flexible Than You Think written by Anna Maria Giammarco and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
We have long known that unexpected salient properties of our visual environments, like the flashing lights on an ambulance, capture our spatial attention, leading to faster processing of objects appearing in the same spatial location as compared to objects appearing elsewhere. One of the more provocative discoveries of the attentional capture literature is that spatial capture can be constrained by our voluntary goals, or Attentional Control Settings (ACSs). ACSs determine which stimuli or stimulus properties capture spatial attention: When looking for a red object, the unexpected appearance of other red objects will capture attention, while, importantly, the unexpected appearance of green objects will not. Current conceptualizations of ACSs, however, constrain their role in the support of more complex behaviours: The number of items contained within ACSs is believed to be limited to one, perhaps two items, and the role of voluntary control in the implementation of these ACSs (i.e., whether we are able to directly choose what items capture attention) has been challenged by a feature priming model (i.e., prior experience responding to task targets determines what items capture attention). The purpose of this thesis was to examine whether ACSs are more flexible than outlined in current literature in terms of the number of representations they comprise and in the implementation of ACSs. Chapters 1 to 5 used modified spatial capture paradigms to demonstrate that standard measures of spatial capture were contingent on ACSs for up to 30 items stored in episodic long-term memory. Chapters 6 and 7 then contrasted a voluntary model of ACS implementation against a feature priming model. Here, manipulations of feature priming had limited influence on contingent capture; instead, behaviour adhered more closely to a voluntary implementation account, and point towards a potential role for target selection in the maintenance (rather than implementation) of ACSs. These studies re-conceptualize our understanding of ACSs with regard to both the role of the memory systems supporting the contents of ACSs, and of voluntary control in driving the implementation of ACSs, while contributing to the on-going development of more comprehensive models of this sophisticated attentional mechanism of control over capture.
Attention
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Author : Harold Pashler
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2016-01-28
Attention written by Harold Pashler and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-28 with Psychology categories.
This collection of essays, intended as a text for students, examines the different facets of research into attention. The book is divided into two sections: one deals with psychological research into such areas as visual search, dual-task interference and attentional bottleneck; the other deals with approaches to neural-network modelling and the effects of brain damage on attention.
Cognitive Contributions To The Perception Of Spatial And Temporal Events
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Author : G. Aschersleben
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1999-11-18
Cognitive Contributions To The Perception Of Spatial And Temporal Events written by G. Aschersleben and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-11-18 with Psychology categories.
The book is concerned with the cognitive contributions to perception, that is, with the influence of attention, intention, or motor processes on performances in spatial and temporal tasks. The chapters deal with fundamental perceptual processes resulting from the simple localization of an object in space or from the temporal determination of an event within a series of events. Chapters are based on presentations given at the Symposium on the Cognitive Contributions to the Perception of Spatial and Temporal Events (September 7-9, 1998, Ohlstadt, Germany). Following each chapter are commentary pieces from other researchers in the field. At the meeting, contributors were encouraged to discuss their theoretical positions along with presenting empirical results and the book's commentary sections help to preserve the spirit and controversies of the symposium. The general topic of the book is split into three parts. Two sections are devoted to the perception of unimodal spatial and temporal events; and are accompanied by a third part on spatio-temporal processes in the domain of intermodal integration. The themes of the book are highly topical. There is a growing interest in studies both with healthy persons and with patients that focus on localization errors and dissociations in localizations resulting from different tasks. These errors lead to new concepts of how visual space is represented. Such deviations are not only observed in the spatial domain but in the temporal domain as well. Typical examples are errors in duration judgments or synchronization errors in tapping tasks. In addition, several studies indicate the influence of attention on both the timing and on the localization of dynamic events. Another intriguing question originates from well-known interactions between intermodal events, namely, whether these events are based on a single representation or whether different representations interact.