The Role Of Working Memory In Reading Comprehension
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The Role Of Working Memory In Reading Comprehension
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Author : Shirley Marie Convirs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Role Of Working Memory In Reading Comprehension written by Shirley Marie Convirs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
The Role Of Working Memory In Second Language Reading Comprehension
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Author : Mohammadtaghi Shahnazari Dorcheh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
The Role Of Working Memory In Second Language Reading Comprehension written by Mohammadtaghi Shahnazari Dorcheh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with English language categories.
"This study examined the role of working memory capacity in the development of second language reading at beginning, intermediate and advanced levels. A total of 140 L1 Persian EFL learners at the beginning, intermediate and advanced levels participated in the study. They were all studying English as a foreign language in a private language school. All the participants completed an L1 reading span test based on Daneman & Carpenter's (1980), a math span test based on Robert and Gibson (2002) and Salthouse & Babcock (1991), and an English non-word recognition task adapted from Gathercole, Pickering, Hall, & Peaker (2001). The participants also completed measures of reading proficiency, including a cloze test, a short- answer comprehension test, and a reading recall (the texts were adjusted for different proficiency levels). Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine whether there was any significant relationship between working memory and reading at different levels of proficiency. The results of this study indicated a significant relationship between working memory capacity and L2 reading ability only among learners of lower proficiency, not for the intermediate and advanced levels. This suggests that working memory plays a diminishing role in discriminating performance on second language reading measures at higher levels of proficiency."--Abstract.
The Role Of Working Memory In Language Comprehension
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Author : Patricia Anderson Carpenter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
The Role Of Working Memory In Language Comprehension written by Patricia Anderson Carpenter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Reading comprehension categories.
This chapter provides an account of the transient computational and storage demands that typically arise during comprehension, and of the information management policies that attempt to satisfy those demands. The chapter describes a number of recent studies that examine the trading relation between computation and storage in working memory during language comprehension. Comprehension processes tends to minimize storage requirements by minimize the number of partial products that have to be stored. The minimization is accomplished by immediately digesting as much of the information from the text as possible (what we have called the immediacy of processing), rather than using a 'wait-and-see' strategy. A second focus is on the differences among individuals in their ability to maintain information in working memory during comprehension. We have that such individual differences in working memory capacity are closely related to large and stable individual differences in reading comprehension ability. Keywords: Working memory, Reading comprehension, Individual differences.
The Role Of Working Memory And Cognitive Inhibition In Reading Comprehension
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Author : Terry Kirkpatrick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
The Role Of Working Memory And Cognitive Inhibition In Reading Comprehension written by Terry Kirkpatrick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
The Contribution Of Working Memory And Vocabulary Knowledge To English Reading Comprehension In Cantonese Speaking Children
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Author : Po-Yee Polly Leung
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-01-26
The Contribution Of Working Memory And Vocabulary Knowledge To English Reading Comprehension In Cantonese Speaking Children written by Po-Yee Polly Leung and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.
This dissertation, "The Contribution of Working Memory and Vocabulary Knowledge to English Reading Comprehension in Cantonese-speaking Children" by Po-yee, Polly, Leung, 梁寶兒, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of dissertation entitled "The Contribution of Working Memory and Vocabulary Knowledge to English Reading Comprehension in Cantonese-speaking Children" Submitted by Leung Po Yee, Polly for the Degree of Master of Arts at The University of Hong Kong in June 2005 Working memory and vocabulary knowledge have been recognized as two essential factors influencing reading comprehension. The current study investigates the role of working memory and vocabulary knowledge in English reading comprehension in Cantonese-speaking children in Hong Kong. The relationships of working memory and vocabulary knowledge to English reading comprehension in Primary 3 Cantonese-speaking children and their relative importance were investigated. Another focus is to examine whether there is a direct relationship between working memory and vocabulary knowledge. Ten Primary 3 Hong Kong students participated in this study. They are all native Cantonese speakers. Participants' performance in English reading comprehension served as a dependent variable whereas their performances in working memory and vocabulary knowledge were treated as predictor variables. The Passage Comprehension Test of WRMT - R was adopted as a standardized measure of reading comprehension. Besides, a battery of tests was administered to assess the predictor variables. Working memory was assessed with a digit span task and a nonword repetition task. The British Picture Vocabulary Scale was used to measure vocabulary knowledge. Results indicated that working memory was greatly associated with English reading comprehension due to the significant contribution of the nonword repetition task. Working memory played a more important role in reading comprehension as compared with the role of vocabulary knowledge in reading comprehension. Yet, vocabulary knowledge was not significantly related to reading comprehension. The impact of working memory on vocabulary knowledge was neither great nor significant. Nonword repetition was supposed to be predictive of reading comprehension. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3157731 Subjects: Reading comprehension - Study and teaching (Primary) - China - Hong Kong Reading comprehension - Study and teaching (Primary) - Cantonese speakers Memory Vocabulary
The Contribution Of Attentional Control And Working Memory To Reading Comprehension And Decoding
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Author : Candice N. Arrington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Contribution Of Attentional Control And Working Memory To Reading Comprehension And Decoding written by Candice N. Arrington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Psychology categories.
Working memory plays an important role in the development of a coherent representation of information being read in text, which is necessary for adequate reading comprehension. Individual differences in working memory are significantly impacted by the attentional control functions of the central executive, the controlling mechanism of working memory. Attentional control is comprised of a group of functions; response inhibition, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition. In the current study, I addressed the relation of reading comprehension, decoding skills, working memory, and attentional control in 1134 adolescent students from grades 6 - 12. The results revealed that sustained attention and cognitive inhibition, but not response inhibition, were significantly related to working memory. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated a differential relation between attentional control and reading comprehension versus decoding. Sustained attention and cognitive inhibition significantly contributed to reading comprehension while response inhibition was a significant predictor of decoding ability. These results indicate that working memory operates differently in relation to decoding and comprehension due to differential associations of attentional control and working memory.
A Latent Variable Analysis Of Working Memory And Reading Comprehension
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Author : Gregory Joseph Spillers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
A Latent Variable Analysis Of Working Memory And Reading Comprehension written by Gregory Joseph Spillers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Working memory consistently predicts reading comprehension; however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are still poorly understood. While many researchers have argued that short-term attentional processing is the defining factor, there is evidence to suggest that the ability to retrieve information from long-term memory may be just as important. The current study investigated the relationship between working memory and reading comprehension and the specific control processes that underlie this relationship using latent variable analysis. Multiple measures of working memory capacity, attention control, long-term memory retrieval, and reading comprehension were employed to create latent factors of each construct. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that it was long-term memory retrieval, and not attention control, that predicted variance in reading comprehension performance. Furthermore, a sub-group analysis confirmed that reading comprehension is almost exclusively dependent on the ability to retrieve information successfully from long-term memory, with little contribution from attention control abilities.
Working Memory And Language
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Author : Susan E. Gathercole
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-04
Working Memory And Language written by Susan E. Gathercole and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-04 with Psychology categories.
This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.
Processing Of Visible Language
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Author : Paul A. Kolers
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-21
Processing Of Visible Language written by Paul A. Kolers and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-21 with Psychology categories.
The second symposium on processing visible language constituted a different "mix" of participants from the first. Greater emphasis was given to the design of language, both in its historical development and in its current display; and to practical questions associated with machine-implementation oflanguage, in the interactions of person and computer, and in the characteristics of the physical and environmental objects that affect the interaction. Another change was that a special session on theory capped the proceedings. Psychologists remained heavily involved, however, both as contributors to and as discussants of the work pre sented. The motivation of the conferences remains one of bringing together graphic designers, engineers, and psychologists concerned with the display and acquisition of visible language. The papers separately tended to emphasize the one of the three disciplines that mark their authors' field of endeavor, but are constructed to be general rather than parochial. Moreover, within the three disciplines, papers emphasized either the textual or the more pictorial aspects. For example, a session on writing systems ranged from principles that seem to characterize all such systems to specific papers on ancient Egyptian writing, modern Korean, and English shorthand. The complementary session on the nontextual media opened with a discussion of general principles of pictorial communication and included papers on communicating instructions, general information, or religious belief through designs and other pictorial forms, as well as a discussion. of misrepresentation.
Improving Working Memory In Learning And Intellectual Disabilities
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Author : Silvia Lanfranchi
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-08-05
Improving Working Memory In Learning And Intellectual Disabilities written by Silvia Lanfranchi and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-05 with Psychology categories.
The last forty years of research have demonstrated that working memory (WM) is a key concept for understanding higher-order cognition. To give an example, WM is involved in reading comprehension, problem solving and reasoning, but also in a number of everyday life activities. It has a clear role in the case of atypical development too. For instance, numerous studies have shown an impairment in WM in individuals with learning disabilities (LD) or intellectual disabilities (ID); and several researchers have hypothesized that this can be linked to their difficulties in learning, cognition and everyday life. The latest challenge in the field concerns the trainability of WM. If it is a construct central to our understanding of cognition in typical and atypical development, then specific intervention to sustain WM performance might also promote changes in cognitive processes associated with WM. The idea that WM can be modified is debated, however, partly because of the theoretical implications of this view, and partly due to the generally contradictory results obtained so far. In fact, most studies converge in demonstrating specific effects of WM training, i.e. improvements in the trained tasks, but few transfer effects to allied cognitive processes are generally reported. It is worth noting that any maintenance effects (when investigated) are even more meagre. In addition, a number of methodological concerns have been raised in relation to the use of: 1. single tasks to assess the effects of a training program; 2. WM tasks differing from those used in the training to assess the effects of WM training; and 3. passive control groups. These and other crucial issues have so far prevented any conclusions from being drawn on the efficacy of WM training. Bearing in mind that the opportunity to train WM could have a huge impact in the educational and clinical settings, it seems fundamentally important to shed more light on the limits and potential of this line of research. The aim of the research discussed here is to generate new evidence on the feasibility of training WM in individuals with LD and ID. There are several questions that could be raised in this field. For a start, can WM be trained in this population? Are there some aspects of WM that can be trained more easily than others? Can a WM training reduce the impact of LD and ID on learning outcomes, and on everyday living? What kind of training program is best suited to the promotion of such changes?