Unconventional Electron Microscopy For Molecular Structure Determination
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Unconventional Electron Microscopy For Molecular Structure Determination
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Author : W. Hoppe
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2013-07-02
Unconventional Electron Microscopy For Molecular Structure Determination written by W. Hoppe and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-02 with Science categories.
Generally it is not sufficiently appreciated that electron microscopy is in fact a diffraction method. In essential aspects electron microscopes are more closely related to X-ray diffracto· meters than to light microscopes. In electron microscopes monochromatized radiation and coherent illumination (never used in light microscopy) correspond in X-ray diffractometers to the primary beam with a small divergence. Imaging ina general sense can take place in interference experiments between a primary beam and a scattered beam, or between diffe rent deflected scattered beams. This leads to the realization of an old dream in diffracto metry, namely to a general experimental solution of the "phase problem". The most im pressive analogy, however, concerns the potential of the electron microscope as a tool for structure determination (where the radiation wavelenght is smaller than the atomic distan ces). It was therefore considered timely to treat this topic in this series. It was a fortunate cioncidence that in 1976 a Workshop on "Unconventional Electron Microscope Methods for the Investigation of Molecular Structures" (sponsored by the European Molecular Biology Organisation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Max-Planck-Gesell schaft) took place, and that most speakers presenting introductory lectures agreed to publish their contributions in an expanded version in this volume. This volume is thus not a symposium report in the usual sense since it contains the majority of these introductory lectures only.
Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Author : Ludwig Reimer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-12-15
Transmission Electron Microscopy written by Ludwig Reimer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-15 with Science categories.
The aim of this monograph is to outline the physics of image formation, electron–specimen interactions, and image interpretation in transmission el- tron microscopy. Since the last edition, transmission electron microscopy has undergone a rapid evolution. The introduction of monochromators and - proved energy ?lters has allowed electron energy-loss spectra with an energy resolution down to about 0.1 eV to be obtained, and aberration correctors are now available that push the point-to-point resolution limit down below 0.1 nm. After the untimely death of Ludwig Reimer, Dr. Koelsch from Springer- Verlag asked me if I would be willing to prepare a new edition of the book. As it had served me as a reference for more than 20 years, I agreed without hesitation. Distinct from more specialized books on speci?c topics and from books intended for classroom teaching, the Reimer book starts with the basic principles and gives a broad survey of the state-of-the-art methods, comp- mented by a list of references to allow the reader to ?nd further details in the literature. The main objective of this revised edition was therefore to include the new developments but leave the character of the book intact. The presentation of the material follows the format of the previous e- tion as outlined in the preface to that volume, which immediately follows. A few derivations have been modi?ed to correspond more closely to modern textbooks on quantum mechanics, scattering theory, or solid state physics.
Cryotechniques In Biological Electron Microscopy
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Author : Rudolf A. Steinbrecht
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Cryotechniques In Biological Electron Microscopy written by Rudolf A. Steinbrecht and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
To preserve tissue by freezing is an ancient concept going back pre sumably to the practice of ice-age hunters. At first glance, it seems as simple as it is attractive: the dynamics of life are frozen in, nothing is added and nothing withdrawn except thermal energy. Thus, the result should be more life-like than after poisoning, tan ning and drying a living cell as we may rudely call the conventional preparation of specimens for electron microscopy. Countless mishaps, however, have taught electron microscopists that cryotechniques too are neither simple nor necessarily more life-like in their outcome. Not too long ago, experts in cryotechniques strictly denied that a cell could truly be vitrified, i.e. that all the solutes and macro molecules could be fixed within non-crystalline, glass-like solid water without the dramatic shifts and segregation effects caused by crystallization. We now know that vitrification is indeed pos sible. Growing insight into the fundamentals of the physics of water and ice, as well as increasing experience of how to cool cells rapidly enough have enlivened the interest in cryofixation and pro duced a wealth of successful applications.
Advances In Imaging And Electron Physics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2009-11-05
Advances In Imaging And Electron Physics written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics merges two long-running serials--Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. This series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains. This particular volume presents several timely articles on the scanning transmission electron microscope. Updated with contributions from leading international scholars and industry experts Discusses hot topic areas and presents current and future research trends Provides an invaluable reference and guide for physicists, engineers and mathematicians
Springer Handbook Of Microscopy
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Author : Peter W. Hawkes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-02
Springer Handbook Of Microscopy written by Peter W. Hawkes and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical microscopies, coherent diffractive imaging, scanning probe microscopy, transmission electron microscopy in all its modes from aberration corrected and analytical to in-situ and time-resolved, low energy electron microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy in biology, and also ion microscopy. In addition to serving as an essential reference for researchers and teachers in the fields such as materials science, condensed matter physics, solid-state chemistry, structural biology and the molecular sciences generally, the Springer Handbook of Microscopy is a unified, coherent and pedagogically attractive text for advanced students who need an authoritative yet accessible guide to the science and practice of microscopy.
Analytical Methods In Supramolecular Chemistry
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Author : Christoph A. Schalley
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-09-25
Analytical Methods In Supramolecular Chemistry written by Christoph A. Schalley and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-25 with Science categories.
The second edition of "Analytical Methods in Supramolecular Chemistry" comes in two volumes and covers a broad range of modern methods and techniques now used for investigating supramolecular systems, e. g. NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, extraction methods, crystallography, single molecule spectroscopy, electrochemisty, and many more. In this second edition, tutorial inserts have been introduced, making the book also suitable as supplementary reading for courses on supramolecular chemistry. All chapters have been revised and updated and four new chapters have been added. A must-have handbook for Organic and Analytical Chemists, Spectroscopists, Materials Scientists, and Ph.D. Students in Chemistry. From reviews of the first edition: "This timely book should have its place in laboratories dealing with supramolecular objects. It will be a source of reference for graduate students and more experienced researchers and could induce new ideas on the use of techniques other than those usually used in the laboratory." Journal of the American Chemical Society (2008) VOL. 130, NO. 1 doi: 10.1021/ja0769649 "The book as a whole or single chapters will stimulate the reader to widen his horizon in chemistry and will help him to have new ideas in his research." Anal Bioanal Chem (2007) 389:2039-2040 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1677-1
Cellular Imaging
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Author : Eric Hanssen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-30
Cellular Imaging written by Eric Hanssen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-30 with Science categories.
This book highlights important techniques for cellular imaging and covers the basics and applications of electron tomography and related techniques. In addition, it considers practical aspects and broadens the technological focus by incorporating techniques that are only now becoming accessible (e.g. block face imaging). The first part of the book describes the electron microscopy 3D technique available to scientists around the world, allowing them to characterize organelles, cells and tissues. The major emphasis is on new technologies like scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography, though the book also reviews some of the more proven technologies like electron tomography. In turn, the second part is dedicated to the reconstruction of data sets, signal improvement and interpretation
Analytical Methods High Melting Metals
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analytical Methods High Melting Metals written by and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
In solid state physics and in materials science the investigation of the connection between the properties of solids and their microstructure is of major importance. For crystalline materials this connection is related to the lattice structure, and it can be shown convinc ingly that the material properties depend on deviations from the ideal lattice structure in the majority of cases. For this reason a reliable detection and analysis of defects in "nearly perfect" crystals is necessary, and a sufficient spatial resolution of the methods applied is required. Because electrons on the one hand strongly interact with the matter to be investigated and on the other hand can easily be focused electron-optical methods are very advantageous for this purpose. They are used in the diffraction mode, in the imaging mode and in the spectroscopic mode. The attainable high lateral resolution in the imaging mode makes the application of electron microscopy especially effective. Although already valuable information on crystal defects can be gained by using the routine technique of diffraction contrast imagingl-3) which has a resolution of some 4 10 nm - in the special weak-beam technique ) of some nm -, the detection of crystal defects and inhomogeneities, resp. on an atomic or molecular level by the aid of high resolution electron microscopy gets increasing importance.
Low Temperature Microscopy And Analysis
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Author : Patrick Echlin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1992-03-31
Low Temperature Microscopy And Analysis written by Patrick Echlin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-03-31 with Science categories.
This comprehensive volume explores the preparation, examination, and analysis of organic, hydrated, and biological specimens using cryomicroscopic techniques. More than 200 illustrations supplement the text.
Advances In Electronics And Electron Physics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1985-03-07
Advances In Electronics And Electron Physics written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-03-07 with Computers categories.
Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics