Unified Theories Of Cognition
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Unified Theories Of Cognition
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Author : Allen Newell
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 1994
Unified Theories Of Cognition written by Allen Newell and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Psychology categories.
Newell introduces Soar, an architecture for general cognition. A pioneer system in AI, Soar is the first problem-solver to create its own subgoals and learn continuously from its own experience. Its ability to operate within the real-time constraints of intelligent behavior illustrates important characteristics of human cognition.
The General Unified Theory Of Intelligence
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Author : Morton Wagman
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1997-02-19
The General Unified Theory Of Intelligence written by Morton Wagman and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-02-19 with Psychology categories.
The general unified theory of intelligence addresses the cognitive functions of thinking, reasoning, and problem solving. At an abstract level, this theory construes the intellective functions of humans and computers as, respectively, restricted and directed forms of the logic of implication. In other words, human intelligence operates according to production rules. Here, Wagman presents the central tenets and research elaboration of the general unified theory of intelligence that embraces both human and artifical intelligence across the cognitive domains of scientific discovery processes, inductive and deductive reasoning, and the mechanisms basic to analogical thinking and problem solving.
Soar A Cognitive Architecture In Perspective
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Author : J.A. Michon
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-12
Soar A Cognitive Architecture In Perspective written by J.A. Michon and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-12 with Psychology categories.
Soar: A Cognitive Architecture in Perspective represents a European perspective on Soar with the exception of the special contribution from Allen Newell arguing for Unified Theories of Cognition. The various papers derive from the work of the Soar Research Group that has been active at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, since 1987. The work reported here has been inspired in particular by two topics that precipitated the group's interest in Soar in the first place -- road user behavior and the temporal organization of behavior, more specifically planning. At the same time, the various contributions go well beyond the simple use of Soar as a convenient medium for modeling human cognitive activity. In every paper one or more fundamental issues are raised that touch upon the very nature and consistency of Soar as an intelligent architecture. As a result the reader will learn about the operator implementation problem, chunking, multitasking, the need to constrain the depth of the goal stack, and induction, etc. Soar is still at a relatively early stage of development. It does, nevertheless, constitute an important breakthrough in the area of computer architectures for general intelligence. Soar shows one important direction that future efforts to build intelligent systems should take if they aim for a comprehensive, and psychologically meaningful, theory of cognition. This is argued in a powerful way by Newell in his contribution to this volume. For this reason, the Soar system will probably play an important integrative role within cognitive science in bringing together important subdomains of psychology, computer science, linguistics, and the neurosciences. Although Soar is not the only `architecture for intelligence', it is one of the most advanced and theoretically best motivated architectures presently available. Soar: A Cognitive Architecture in Perspective is of special interest to researchers in the domains of cognitive science, computer science and artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and the philosophy of mind.
Human Intellect And Cognitive Science
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Author : Morton Wagman
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1996-02-28
Human Intellect And Cognitive Science written by Morton Wagman and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-02-28 with Education categories.
The advancement of knowledge concerning the complexities of human intellective processes can best be achieved by combining theory and research from the disciplines of cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence. Wagman explores various aspects of these disciplines to further his ideas. He examines the nature of the human intellect and proposes a theory of representation and intelligence that is applicable to human, computer, and animal cognition. He also evaluates theory and research concerned with structure and process in human reasoning and human problem solving. Several scientific discovery systems including BACON, FARENHEIT, and IDS are described in depth. The ability of these systems to emulate solutions to 10 types of scientific problems is examined. The capacity theory of language comprehension is also presented and extended to the domain of cognitive processes.
Unified Social Cognition
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Author : Norman Anderson
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-03-18
Unified Social Cognition written by Norman Anderson and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-18 with Psychology categories.
This eagerly awaited volume presents Anderson's cumulative progress in unified social psychology. The research is grounded in the three fundamental laws of information integration theory. Research shows these laws to apply to topics in social and personality psychology such as person cognition, attitudes, moral cognition, social development, group dynamics and self-cognition. This definitive work will broaden the appreciation of Anderson's unique treatment of psychological processes.
Anxiety And Cognition
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Author : Michael Eysenck
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-01-21
Anxiety And Cognition written by Michael Eysenck and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-21 with Psychology categories.
It is argued in this book that there are three major approaches to anxiety. First, there is anxiety as an emotional state. Second, there is trait anxiety as a dimension of personality. Third, there is anxiety as a set of anxiety disorders. What is attempted is to produce a unified theory of anxiety which integrates all these major approaches. According to this unified theory, there are four sources of information which influence the level of experienced anxiety: (1) experimental stimulation; (2) internal physiological activity; (3) internal cognitions, (e.g., worries); and (4) one's own behaviour. The unified theory is essentially based on a cognitive approach. More specifically, it is assumed that individual differences in experienced anxiety between those high and low in trait anxiety depend largely on cognitive biases. It is also assumed that the various anxiety disorders depend on cognitive biases, and that the main anxiety disorders differ in terms of the source of information most affected by such biases (e.g., social phobics have biased interpretation of their own behaviour). In sum, this book presents a general theory of anxiety from the cognitive perspective. It is intended that this theory will influence theory and research on emotion, personality, and the anxiety disorders. Correction notice: Christos Halkiopoulos should have been credited for his role as the inventor of the Dot Probe Paradigm and for the design and execution of the experiment discussed in C. D. Spielberger, I. G. Sarason, Z. Kulczar, and J. Van Heck (Eds.), Stress and Emotion, Vol. 14. London: Hemisphere.
A Functional Theory Of Cognition
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Author : Norman H. Anderson
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-03-05
A Functional Theory Of Cognition written by Norman H. Anderson and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-05 with Psychology categories.
A unified, general theory of functional cognition is presented in this book. Its generality appears in the titles of the 13 chapters listed below. Its unity appears in the effectiveness of the same methods and concepts across all of these areas. Generality and unity both stem from the foundation axiom of purposiveness. The axiom of purposiveness has been made effective through capability for functional measurement of values, which embody the goal-directed character of purposiveness. This measurement capability is based on the general cognitive algebra established in information integration theory. Functional theory can thus be made precise and effective near the level of everyday phenomenology. The book is written at a relatively simple level, directed at readers in every field of psychology. Among its characteristics are: * self-sufficient theory near the level of everyday phenomenology; * foundation on structure of the internal world; and * solid grounding in experimental analysis.
Mind Matters
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Author : David M. Steier
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-03-05
Mind Matters written by David M. Steier and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-05 with Psychology categories.
Based on a symposium honoring the extensive work of Allen Newell -- one of the founders of artificial intelligence, cognitive science, human-computer interaction, and the systematic study of computational architectures -- this volume demonstrates how unifying themes may be found in the diversity that characterizes current research on computers and cognition. The subject matter includes: * an overview of cognitive and computer science by leading researchers in the field; * a comprehensive description of Allen Newell's "Soar" -- a computational architecture he developed as a unified theory of cognition; * commentary on how the Soar theory of cognition relates to important issues in cognitive and computer science; * rigorous treatments of controversial issues in cognition -- methodology of cognitive science, hybrid approaches to machine learning, word-sense disambiguation in understanding material language, and the role of capability processing constraints in architectural theory; * comprehensive and systematic methods for studying architectural evolution in both hardware and software; * a thorough discussion of the use of analytic models in human computer interaction; * extensive reviews of important experiments in the study of scientific discovery and deduction; and * an updated analysis of the role of symbols in information processing by Herbert Simon. Incorporating the research of top scientists inspired by Newell's work, this volume will be of strong interest to a large variety of scientific communities including psychologists, computational linguists, computer scientists and engineers, and interface designers. It will also be valuable to those who study the scientific process itself, as it chronicles the impact of Newell's approach to research, simultaneously delving into each scientific discipline and producing results that transcend the boundaries of those disciplines.
Cognitive Neuroscience And Psychotherapy
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Author : Warren Tryon
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-03-22
Cognitive Neuroscience And Psychotherapy written by Warren Tryon and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-22 with Psychology categories.
Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychotherapy provides a bionetwork theory unifying empirical evidence in cognitive neuroscience and psychopathology to explain how emotion, learning, and reinforcement affect personality and its extremes. The book uses the theory to explain research results in both disciplines and to predict future findings, as well as to suggest what the theory and evidence say about how we should be treating disorders for maximum effectiveness. While theoretical in nature, the book has practical applications, and takes a mathematical approach to proving its own theorems. The book is unapologetically physical in nature, describing everything we think and feel by way of physical mechanisms and reactions in the brain. This unique marrying of cognitive neuroscience and clinical psychology provides an opportunity to better understand both. Unifying theory for cognitive neuroscience and clinical psychology Describes the brain in physical terms via mechanistic processes Systematically uses the theory to explain empirical evidence in both disciplines Theory has practical applications for psychotherapy Ancillary material may be found at: http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780124200715 including an additional chapter and supplements
Mental Models In Cognitive Science
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Author : Alan Garnham
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-06-17
Mental Models In Cognitive Science written by Alan Garnham and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-17 with Psychology categories.
Phil Johnson-Laird's theory of mental models has proved to be an influential development in the cognitive sciences. This theory aims to provide a detailed account of both reasoning and inference on the one hand, and language on the other. It can therefore be regarded as a step toward the much-sought-after unified theory of cognition.; This book provides an overview of mental models research. Some of the contributors were collaborators or former graduate students of Johnson-Laird, and between them they cover the main strands of mental models theory. After an appreciation of Johnson-Laird, the book covers topics including language Processing, Reasoning, Inference, The Role Of Emotions, And The Impact Of mental illnesses on thought processes.