Viruses Cell Transformation And Cancer

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Viruses Cell Transformation And Cancer

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Author : Roger J. A. Grand
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2001-04-20

Viruses Cell Transformation And Cancer written by Roger J. A. Grand and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-20 with Medical categories.

Viruses are the agent responsible for perhaps up to one million cases of cancer worldwide each year. Significantly, the study of viruses has also provided important clues to the causes and development of the most common human cancers. This volume presents an account of those viruses which have been directly associated with common human malignancies such as human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical carcinoma, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Burkitt's lymphoma. In addition, the biology and biochemistry of those viruses which have been shown to be capable of transforming cells in culture are described in detail. Thus adenovirus are discussed, as are the other small DNA tumour viruses - Simian virus 40 (SV40) and polyoma virus. Consideration has also been given to human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), amongst others. General themes such as the host's immune response to viral infection, virally-induced apoptosis and the use of viruses as a delivery system in gene therapy have been discussed. Individual chapters have been written by an international group of experts in their own field of research.

Mechanisms Of Dna Tumor Virus Transformation

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Author : Leonard J. Rosenthal
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2001-01-01

Mechanisms Of Dna Tumor Virus Transformation written by Leonard J. Rosenthal and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-01 with Medical categories.

Approximately 15% of human cancer incidence can be attributed to virus infection, i.e. viruses represent the second most important risk factor (after tobacco consumption) for cancer development in humans. Today, five virus types are known to be involved in causing human cancer: papillomaviruses, retroviruses, herpesviruses, hepadnaviruses, and flaviviruses. This volume provides a comprehensive review of a number of DNA tumor viruses. Leading experts in the field of tumor virology discuss up-to-date information, focusing on the transforming genes of DNA tumor viruses, the mechanisms of transformation and the in vitro methodology used for their identification and characterization. In vitro studies have revealed several common mechanisms of viral transformation. Presented in a clear and concise manner, this book will be of value to students as well as researchers in the fields of general biology, molecular biology, cell biology and microbiology.

Human Cancer Viruses

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Author : John Nicholas
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2008-01-01

Human Cancer Viruses written by John Nicholas and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Science categories.

The first identification of a tumor-causing virus, Rous sarcoma virus, occurred almost 100 years ago, but it was not until the 1970s that the genetic basis for oncogenesis by this and other acutely transforming retroviruses was appreciated. Since then, numerous viral oncogenes and their corresponding cellular proto-oncogene counterparts have been identified, and these studies have contributed much to our understanding of crucially important aspects of cell biology and transformation.This book provides an up-to-date overview of the 6 major viruses that cause human cancers - HPV, HBV, HCV, EBV, KSHV and HTLV-1 - with respect to their molecular biology and epidemiology and to clinical aspects of disease, therapy and prevention. Contributed by over a dozen internationally renowned scientists, the chapters are comprehensively written and illustrated. The book is suitable for advanced students, postdoctoral researchers, scientists and clinicians who wish to understand the mechanisms leading to cellular transformation and oncogenesis by these viruses as a basis for the development of specific therapeutic and antiviral treatments.

Viral Transformation And Endogenous Viruses

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Author : Albert Kaplan
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02

Viral Transformation And Endogenous Viruses written by Albert Kaplan and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Medical categories.

Viral Transformation and Endogenous Viruses is a collection of papers presented at the symposium on ""Viral Transformation and Endogenous Viruses"" held at Vanderbilt University on April 1-2, 1974. Contributors discuss the viral function(s) responsible for the transformation of the cells that are infected with oncogenic viruses, emphasizing the type of changes that characterize transformed cells and the regulatory mechanisms that are altered after malignant transformations. This volume is organized into 10 chapters and begins with an overview of DNA-containing tumor viruses, particularly Simian Virus 40 (SV40) and its mutants with DNA deletions, insertions, and duplications. The integration and transcription of adenovirus DNA is considered, along with the characteristics of temperature-sensitive mutants of these viruses. The reader is then introduced to the chemistry and biology of RNA-containing tumor viruses, which are useful reagents to study neoplastic transformation both in vivo and in vitro. A major aspect of these viruses concerns the analysis of their genome at the chemical and genetic levels. The last part of the book is devoted to biochemical and genetic analyses of endogenous viruses isolated from avian cells. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and investigators in fields such as pathology, molecular virology, molecular biology, microbiology, oncology, and biochemistry.

Malignant Transformation By Viruses

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Author : Werner H. Kirsten
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Malignant Transformation By Viruses written by Werner H. Kirsten and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

The position of "Cancer Teaching Coordinator" at The University of Chicago has been a consistently rewarding one because of the enthusiasm and support of the faculty and the students. This volume is the result of the second of two recent intensive teach ing sessions which have been planned and implemented by the group which forms the Cancer Coordinator's Advisory Committee. The first of these teaching sessions was held in early March of 1964 and was entitled "LEUKEMIA, A Current and Forward Look. " It attracted overflow attendance from the students and staff of this medical institution augmented by members of the other medical centers in Chicago. It was a stimulating and instructive colloquium, and the only regret we heard expressed afterward was that we had not arranged for publication of the many excellent presentations. One of the events commemorating the seventy-fifth anniversary of the founding of The University of Chicago was this symposium on malignant transformations. This time the Committee advised us to plan on speedy publication, and, logically, it chose Dr. Werner Kirsten, a member of our faculty and an active and effective investigator in this general field of endeavor, to serve as editor of the volume. Again, two of the same ingredients for effective instruction were blended: an excellent group of scientists presenting their latest work and a fine, attentive audience of students and staff.

Spontaneous And Virus Induced Transformation In Cell Culture

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Author : Jan Ponten
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Spontaneous And Virus Induced Transformation In Cell Culture written by Jan Ponten and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

A. Definitions of Transformation in vitro When normal tissues or organs are explanted to conditions favoring the growth of cells as individual units ("cell culture"), the original cell population undergoes a large variety of modifications. Only a minority of the cells will thrive and multiply and within a rather short period of time, the complex composition of the original explant is replaced by a much simplified one of only a few recogniz ably different cell types. With most organs fibroblast-like cells survive longest and outgrow other types. This is then a stable state of affairs for many gener ations. This treatise will not discuss whether this simplification and stabilization represents selection of certain pre-existing cell types or a modification of cells into only a few recognizably different categories; for an excellent review see HARRIS. (1964). Table 1. Terminology Employed to Describe Transformations in vitro Type of transformation Essential features Irregular growth Lack of contact inhibition of cell membrane movement ("ruffled membranes") between juxtaposed cells Unrestrained growth Deficient inhibition of the cell cycle (mitosis) in a crowded culture Infinite growth Capacity of cells to undergo an infinite number of di visions (formation of established cell lines) Cells may depart from this typical behavior in numerous ways involving for instance cellular morphology, immunology, chromosomes or metabolism. Such changes have, sometimes rather vaguely, been called "transformations". This is unprecise and the term "transformation" will here be used exclusively to indicate disturbances in cell growth related to neoplasia.

Human Oncogenic Viruses

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Author : Jing-hsiung James Ou
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2010

Human Oncogenic Viruses written by Jing-hsiung James Ou and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Medical categories.

Viruses are the causes of approximately 25% of human cancers. Due to their importance in carcinogenesis, there is a desperate need for a book that discusses these viruses. This book is therefore timely, providing a comprehensive review of the molecular biology of oncogenic viruses and the cancers they cause. Viruses that are discussed in the individual chapters include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papilloma viruses, EpsteinOCoBarr virus, Kaposi's sarcoma virus and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. This book provides up-to-date information for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, medical students, physicians and non-experts who are interested in learning more about the oncogenic viruses and how they cause human cancers. Sample Chapter(s). Foreword (38 KB). Chapter 1: Oncogenic Viruses, Cellular Transformation and Human Cancers (211 KB). Contents: Oncogenic Viruses, Cellular Transformation and Human Cancers (Y-Y Zheng & J-H J Ou); Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis (T S B Yen); Molecular Mechanism of Hepatitis C Virus Carcinogenesis (K Machida et al.); Human Papillomaviruses and Associated Malignancies (C L Nguyen et al.); Epstein-Barr Virus and Its Oncogenesis (H-P Li et al.); Human Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus: Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis (P J Dillon & B Damania); Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus 1 and Cellular Transformation (Y-H Chi & K-T Jeang). Readership: Graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in infectious diseases, microbiology/virology, oncology/cancer research, and cell/molecular/structural biology; medical students, physicians and non-experts who are interested in understanding the relationship between oncogenic viruses and the cancers they cause

Dna Tumor Viruses

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Author : Giuseppe Barbanti-Brodano
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-21

Dna Tumor Viruses written by Giuseppe Barbanti-Brodano and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-21 with Medical categories.

DNA tumor viruses have long been useful experimental models of carcinogenesis and have elucidated several important mechanisms of cell transformation. Re search in recent years has shown that human tumors have a multifactorial nature and that some DNA tumor viruses may playa key role in their etiology. The aim of this book is to assess our knowledge of DNA tumor viruses by reviewing animal models, mechanisms of transformation, association with human tumors, and possi bilities of prevention and control by vaccination. Animal models of tumor virology have contributed significantly to our under standing of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of virus-induced tumors. Bovine papillomaviruses induce papillomas in the intestine of cattle. The papillomas undergo a transition to carcinomas in cows feeding on bracken fern, which pro duces a toxin with radiomimetic and immunosuppressive functions. This example of cooperation between a virus and chemical carcinogens parallels the cooperative role of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) with environmental carcinogens in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Likewise, hepatocarcinomas appearing in woodchucks chronically infected by woodchuck hepatitis virus (WIN) provide strong support for the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and human hepatocellular carcinoma. Also, the fact that WIN DNA integrates closely to cellular oncogenes suggests a possible molecular mechanism for the tumorigenesis induced by HBV.

The Transformed Cell

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Author : Ivan Cameron
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1981-01-01

The Transformed Cell written by Ivan Cameron and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981-01-01 with Science categories.

The Transformed Cell deals with many of the differences that may exist between transformed cells and their normal counterparts. Topics covered range from malignancy and the cell surface to cell cycle regulation in normal and transformed cells; phenotypic expression of malignant transformation and its relationship to energy metabolism; and virus-induced transformation. The involvement of cyclic nucleotides in transformation is also discussed, together with intracellular pH and growth control in eukaryotic cells. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with a brief description of terminology and basic concepts relating to cancer cells, as well as some comments on tumorigenicity and cell transformation. The next two chapters explore the evidence for and against the possible correlation of in vivo tumorigenicity to in vitro changes in the cytoskeletal system; anchorage-dependent growth; plasminogen activator production; agglutinability by lectins; and cell surface and plasma membrane properties. The regulation of cell proliferation and the relationships between ion movement and energy metabolism in normal and transformed cells are then examined, along with the transformation of normal cells by infection with new genetic material from tumor viruses. The remaining chapters focus on selected cellular properties that have been purported to differ between the normal and transformed cell, with particular reference to cyclic nucleotides; polyamine metabolism; cell viscosity; mobility of cellular water; intracellular pH; and element concentration. This monograph will be of interest to biologists and medical practitioners devoted to understanding cancer cell biology and cancer therapy.

Small Dna Tumour Viruses

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Author : Kevin Gaston
language : en
Publisher: Caister Academic Press Limited
Release Date : 2012

Small Dna Tumour Viruses written by Kevin Gaston and has been published by Caister Academic Press Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Science categories.

Small DNA tumor viruses are a fascinating group of double-stranded DNA viruses, made up of the polyomavirus, the adenovirus, and the papillomavirus families. These viruses continue to provide fundamental insights into mammalian cell transformation, cell cycle control, and tumor formation. The causal link between papillomaviruses and some human cancers is well known, and a role for polyomavirus in human cancer has recently been established. Adenoviruses do not cause cancer in humans, but, as well as providing excellent tools for the study of host cell processes, these viruses have been exploited as delivery vehicles in gene therapy for diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and cancer. A common feature of small DNA tumor viruses is their heavy reliance on the host for survival and replication. Understanding the virus-host relationship is critical to understanding the tumorigenic process and how these viruses subvert the host's immune system. In this timely book, leading scientists from around the world review current hot topics in this area, providing a fascinating overview of the molecular biology of these viruses and their interactions with the host. The topics covered include: HPV infections and the production of HPV virion stocks * viral oncoproteins and their functions * the replication and maintenance of viral genomes * virus-induced alterations in cellular miRNAs * viral deregulation of DNA damage responses * the initiation of viral DNA replication * induction of genomic instability by viral oncoproteins * targeting of PML proteins and PML nuclear bodies by these viruses * adenoviruses and gene therapy. The book will be essential reading for scientists and researchers working on small DNA tumor viruses and their associated diseases. It is also a recommended text for anyone involved with DNA replication, DNA damage responses and genome instability, virus-host interactions, and viral tumorigenesis or antiviral drug development.