Visual Attention And Consciousness
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Visual Attention And Consciousness
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Author : Jay Friedenberg
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013
Visual Attention And Consciousness written by Jay Friedenberg and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Philosophy categories.
This book is an ambitious, interdisciplinary survey of the empirical literature on many different aspects of visual attention and consciousness. It may be used as a primary or ancillary text for graduate courses in perception, vision, consciousness or philosophy of mind.
Eye Movements And Visual Cognition
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Author : Keith Rayner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Eye Movements And Visual Cognition written by Keith Rayner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Psychology categories.
Edited by a leading scholar in the field, Eye Movements and Visual Cognitionpresents an up-to-date overview of the topics relevant to understanding the relationship between eye movements and visual cognition, particularly in relation to scene perception and reading. Cognitive psychologists, neuropsychologists, educational psychologists, and reading specialists will find this volume to be an authoritative source of state-of-the art research in this rapidly expanding area of study.
Attention And Consciousness In Different Senses
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Author : Naotsugu Tsuchiya
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2013-06-03
Attention And Consciousness In Different Senses written by Naotsugu Tsuchiya and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-03 with categories.
Although often used in everyday speech and in the scholarly literature, “selective attention” and “consciousness” lack clear, undisputed definitions. Partly because of this deficit there exists a lively debate on the relationship between the two. Nevertheless, attention has been studied scientifically for a long time, because a variety of tasks allow researchers to control several of its aspects (e.g. focused and feature-based attention). Consciousness as a scientific subject of study has emerged more recently, but is now rapidly gaining traction. Scientific studies of consciousness concern the state or level of consciousness (e.g., awake as opposed to in coma, dreamless sleep or under anaesthesia) as well as the contents of consciousness or the phenomenology of perception. With the increase in consciousness-focused research, there is a concomitant surge in research examining the relationship between attention and consciousness. This relationship between attention and consciousness is the topic of this Research Topic. Contributions related to or focused solely on attention or on consciousness will not be considered. It had long been assumed that attention and consciousness are inextricably intertwined: two sides of the same coin. However, recently substantial evidence has emerged that attention and consciousness are interacting, but separable processes. It is however debated how tight the interactions are, and what the exact nature of the relationship is. Therefore, we invite researchers from different “camps” to provide opinionated but balanced literature reviews. Different groups will interpret the same data in different ways. We feel that combining these views in one Research Topic is immensely valuable to researchers from different fields. Apart from reviews we also invite potential contributors to provide new and exciting evidence in the form of original contributions that may support any of the different views. Even though attention and consciousness are critical aspects of many different cognitive processes, they are mainly studied (though not exclusively) in the domain of visual perception. In other sensory modalities, e.g. olfaction or audition, it is currently not clear whether distinctions between attention and consciousness exist, which is even more true for other cognitive processes such as memory. Therefore, we specifically invite contributions covering the auditory, somatosensory, olfactory, and memory domain. We ask all contributors to provide discussions on the relationship between attention and consciousness, and focus on (1) the influence of attention on sensory processing; (2) the formation of conscious perception, (3) the evidence for unconscious processing and its modulation by attention; (4) potential indications for dissociations between attention and consciousness (e.g. does paying attention to a stimulus decrease performance on e.g. a discrimination task?); (5) neuroimaging and neurophysiology data pertaining to these questions. Often, one is caught in one’s own research field and lacks the time or the knowledge to delve into another field. This Research Topic should provide a great overview in great breadth of the current state of knowledge on the links between attention and consciousness, and their interactions, in several different sensory modalities.
A Computational Perspective On Visual Attention
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Author : John K. Tsotsos
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2021-06-22
A Computational Perspective On Visual Attention written by John K. Tsotsos and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-22 with Medical categories.
The derivation, exposition, and justification of the Selective Tuning model of vision and attention. Although William James declared in 1890, "Everyone knows what attention is," today there are many different and sometimes opposing views on the subject. This fragmented theoretical landscape may be because most of the theories and models of attention offer explanations in natural language or in a pictorial manner rather than providing a quantitative and unambiguous statement of the theory. They focus on the manifestations of attention instead of its rationale. In this book, John Tsotsos develops a formal model of visual attention with the goal of providing a theoretical explanation for why humans (and animals) must have the capacity to attend. He takes a unique approach to the theory, using the full breadth of the language of computation—rather than simply the language of mathematics—as the formal means of description. The result, the Selective Tuning model of vision and attention, explains attentive behavior in humans and provides a foundation for building computer systems that see with human-like characteristics. The overarching conclusion is that human vision is based on a general purpose processor that can be dynamically tuned to the task and the scene viewed on a moment-by-moment basis. Tsotsos offers a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of attention theories and models and a full description of the Selective Tuning model, confining the formal elements to two chapters and two appendixes. The text is accompanied by more than 100 illustrations in black and white and color; additional color illustrations and movies are available on the book's Web site.
Consciousness Attention And Conscious Attention
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Author : Carlos Montemayor
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2024-06-11
Consciousness Attention And Conscious Attention written by Carlos Montemayor and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-11 with Philosophy categories.
A rigorous analysis of current empirical and theoretical work supporting the argument that consciousness and attention are largely dissociated. In this book, Carlos Montemayor and Harry Haladjian consider the relationship between consciousness and attention. The cognitive mechanism of attention has often been compared to consciousness, because attention and consciousness appear to share similar qualities. But, Montemayor and Haladjian point out, attention is defined functionally, whereas consciousness is generally defined in terms of its phenomenal character without a clear functional purpose. They offer new insights and proposals about how best to understand and study the relationship between consciousness and attention by examining their functional aspects. The book's ultimate conclusion is that consciousness and attention are largely dissociated. Undertaking a rigorous analysis of current empirical and theoretical work on attention and consciousness, Montemayor and Haladjian propose a spectrum of dissociation—a framework that identifies the levels of dissociation between consciousness and attention—ranging from identity to full dissociation. They argue that conscious attention, the focusing of attention on the contents of awareness, is constituted by overlapping but distinct processes of consciousness and attention. Conscious attention, they claim, evolved after the basic forms of attention, increasing access to the richest kinds of cognitive contents. Montemayor and Haladjian's goal is to help unify the study of consciousness and attention across the disciplines. A focused examination of conscious attention will, they believe, enable theoretical progress that will further our understanding of the human mind.
From Perception To Consciousness
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Author : Jeremy Wolfe
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-12-29
From Perception To Consciousness written by Jeremy Wolfe and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-29 with Psychology categories.
Anyone interested in the study of attention will have had some exposure to the work of Anne Treisman. Anne Treisman has been one of the most influential cognitive psychologists in the last 50 years. Her research and theoretical insights have influenced a variety of disciplines, including vision sciences, auditory sciences, cognitive psychology, cognitive neurosciences, philosophy, psychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology. She is best known for her work on attention. Early in her career, much of that work involved auditory stimuli. Her later work has been primarily in the realm of visual attention. She has been especially concerned with the interactions among visual perception, attention, and memory as they relate to conscious and unconscious experience. Her Feature Integration Theory has been one of the organizing ideas in the field for three decades. While still a graduate student at Oxford, she helped launch the modern study of attention. In the present volume, several of her most influential papers are reprinted (including some of the harder to find early work). To accompany these reprints, the editors invited experts to comment and/or to show how their own work had been shaped by Treisman's ideas and findings. The result is a scientifically rich ride through the world of ideas inspired by Treisman's work. The contributed chapters include discussions of auditory and visual attention, the role of features in selection, parallel and serial processing, and automaticity. They describe the roots and evolution of Feature Integration Theory and related models like Guided Search. They explore the interactions of attention and perception at the cognitive, neuropsychological, and biological levels. Readers can consider the critical role of binding in perception, the role of attention in scene perception, as well as the influence of cognitive load, memory, reflection, and perceptual learning on early and late processing. They will see how methods to study conscious perceptual awareness have evolved over the years.
Theories Of Visual Attention Linking Cognition Neuropsychology And Neurophysiology
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Author : Søren Kyllingsbæk
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-09-02
Theories Of Visual Attention Linking Cognition Neuropsychology And Neurophysiology written by Søren Kyllingsbæk and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-02 with Psychology categories.
The Neural Theory of Visual Attention of Bundesen, Habekost, and Kyllingsbæk (2005) was proposed as a neural interpretation of Bundesen’s (1990) theory of visual attention (TVA). In NTVA, visual attention functions via two mechanisms: by dynamic remapping of receptive fields of cortical cells such that more cells are devoted to behaviorally important objects than to less important ones (filtering) and by multiplicative scaling of the level of activation in cells coding for particular features (pigeonholing). NTVA accounts for a wide range of known attentional effects in human performance and a wide range of effects observed in firing rates of single cells in the primate visual system and thus provides a mathematical framework to unify the 2 fields of research. In this Research Topic of Frontiers in Psychology, some of the leading theories of visual attention at both the cognitive, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological levels are presented and evaluated. In addition, the Research Topic encompasses application of the framework of NTVA to various patient populations and to neuroimaging as well as genetic and psychopharmacological studies.
The Psychology Of Attention
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Author : Elizabeth Styles
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2006-10-03
The Psychology Of Attention written by Elizabeth Styles and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-03 with Psychology categories.
Research on attention has evolved dramatically in recent years. There are now many new ways of studying how we are able to select some aspects for processing, whilst ignoring others, and how we are able to combine tasks, learn skills and make intentional actions. Attention is increasingly seen as a complex process intimately linked with perception, memory and action. New questions are continually being addressed, for example in the area of cross modal attention, and the biological bases of attention. After an initial consideration of what attention might be, this book charts the development in the ideas and theories which surround the field. An entirely new chapter addresses the nature of auditory attention and the question of how visual and auditory attention are combined across modalities. The problems of task combination, skill acquisition and automaticity are also considered, as well as the selection and control of action, and conscious and unconscious processing. The Psychology of Attention, Second Edition provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to this fascinating and rapidly developing field
The Oxford Companion To Consciousness
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Author : Tim Bayne
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009
The Oxford Companion To Consciousness written by Tim Bayne and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Philosophy categories.
Consciousness is undoubtedly one of the last remaining scientific mysteries and hence one of the greatest contemporary scientific challenges. How does the brain's activity result in the rich phenomenology that characterizes our waking life? Are animals conscious? Why did consciousness evolve? How does science proceed to answer such questions? Can we define what consciousness is? Can we measure it? Can we use experimental results to further our understanding of disorders of consciousness, such as those seen in schizophrenia, delirium, or altered states of consciousness? These questions are at the heart of contemporary research in the domain. Answering them requires a fundamentally interdisciplinary approach that engages not only philosophers, but also neuroscientists and psychologists in a joint effort to develop novel approaches that reflect both the stunning recent advances in imaging methods as well as the continuing refinement of our concepts of consciousness. In this light, the Oxford Companion to Consciousness is the most complete authoritative survey of contemporary research on consciousness. Five years in the making and including over 250 concise entries written by leaders in the field, the volume covers both fundamental knowledge as well as more recent advances in this rapidly changing domain. Structured as an easy-to-use dictionary and extensively cross-referenced, the Companion offers contributions from philosophy of mind to neuroscience, from experimental psychology to clinical findings, so reflecting the profoundly interdisciplinary nature of the domain. Particular care has been taken to ensure that each of the entries is accessible to the general reader and that the overall volume represents a comprehensive snapshot of the contemporary study of consciousness. The result is a unique compendium that will prove indispensable to anyone interested in consciousness, from beginning students wishing to clarify a concept to professional consciousness researchers looking for the best characterization of a particular phenomenon.
Attention
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Author : Wayne Wu
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-04-24
Attention written by Wayne Wu and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-24 with Philosophy categories.
Attention is a fundamental feature of the mind yet has languished in the backwaters of philosophy. Recent years, however, have witnessed a resurgence of philosophical interest in attention, driven by recognition that it is closely connected to consciousness, perception, agency, thought, justification and introspection. As is becoming clear, attention has a rich philosophical significance. This is the first book to provide a systematic overview and assessment of different empirical and philosophical aspects of attention. Wayne Wu discusses the following central topics and problems: major experiments and theories of attention in psychology since the 1950s the neuroscience of attention, including basic mechanisms and models attention’s intimate relation to agency the phenomenology of attention attention as a gatekeeper for consciousness attention as the basis for perception-based thought about objects the role of attention in the justification of belief attention in introspection of consciousness. A key feature of the book is its skilful analysis of the empirical work on attention, and how this relates to philosophy. Additional features include chapter summaries, annotated further reading and a glossary, making this an ideal starting point for anyone studying attention for the first time, as well as being suitable for more advanced students and researchers in psychology, cognitive science, and philosophy.