Vortices In Unconventional Superconductors And Superfluids
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Vortices In Unconventional Superconductors And Superfluids
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Author : R.P. Huebener
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Vortices In Unconventional Superconductors And Superfluids written by R.P. Huebener and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The physics of vortices in classical fluids has been a highly important subject for many years, both in fundamental science and in engineering applications. About 50 years ago, vortices started to become prominent as quantum me chanical objects constructed from a macroscopic wavefunction. Here the key developments are associated with the names R. Feynman, L. Onsager, L. D. Landau, F. London, V.L. Ginzburg and A.A. Abrikosov. Recently, the physics of vortices has undergone a further important step of diversification, namely in unconventional superconductors and superfluids, which are characterized by an anisotropic and/or spatially complex order parameter. It is this latest evolutionary step of vortex physics that is addressed in this book. The indi vidual chapters are concerned with the microscopic structure and dynamics of vortices in diverse systems ranging from superfluids and superconductors to neutron stars. Each of the 20 chapters is written by one or more experts on the parti cular subject. Each chapter provides an introduction and overview, empha sizing theoretical as well as experimental work, and includes references to both recent and pioneering earlier developments. In this way non-expert rea ders will also benefit from these lecture notes. Hence, the book will be useful for all researchers and graduate students interested in the physics of vorti ces in unconventional superconductors and superfluids. It may also serve as supplementary material for a graduate course on low-temperature solid-state physics.
Collective Excitations In Unconventional Superconductors And Superfluids
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Author : Peter Brusov
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2010
Collective Excitations In Unconventional Superconductors And Superfluids written by Peter Brusov and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Science categories.
This title gives a complete and detailed description of collective modes (CMs) in unconventional superfluids and superconductors (USC).
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date :
written by and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Physics Of Transition Metal Oxides
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Author : Sadamichi Maekawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-06-22
Physics Of Transition Metal Oxides written by Sadamichi Maekawa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The fact that magnetite (Fe304) was already known in the Greek era as a peculiar mineral is indicative of the long history of transition metal oxides as useful materials. The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in 1986 has renewed interest in transition metal oxides. High-temperature su perconductors are all cuprates. Why is it? To answer to this question, we must understand the electronic states in the cuprates. Transition metal oxides are also familiar as magnets. They might be found stuck on the door of your kitchen refrigerator. Magnetic materials are valuable not only as magnets but as electronics materials. Manganites have received special attention recently because of their extremely large magnetoresistance, an effect so large that it is called colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). What is the difference between high-temperature superconducting cuprates and CMR manganites? Elements with incomplete d shells in the periodic table are called tran sition elements. Among them, the following eight elements with the atomic numbers from 22 to 29, i. e. , Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu are the most im portant. These elements make compounds with oxygen and present a variety of properties. High-temperature superconductivity and CMR are examples. Most of the textbooks on magnetism discuss the magnetic properties of transition metal oxides. However, when one studies magnetism using tradi tional textbooks, one finds that the transport properties are not introduced in the initial stages.
Dynamics Of Quantised Vortices In Superfluids
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Author : Edouard B. Sonin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-02-04
Dynamics Of Quantised Vortices In Superfluids written by Edouard B. Sonin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-04 with Science categories.
This book draws together all the basic principles of vortex dynamics in neutral superfluids in one comprehensive volume.
The Universe In A Helium Droplet
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Author : Grigory E. Volovik
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2003-03-06
The Universe In A Helium Droplet written by Grigory E. Volovik and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-06 with Science categories.
There are fundamental relations between three vast areas of physics: particle physics, cosmology and condensed matter physics. The fundamental links between the first two areas, in other words, between micro- and macro- worlds, have been well established. There is a unified system of laws governing the scales from subatomic particles to the Cosmos and this principle is widely exploited in the description of the physics of the early Universe. The main goal of this book is to establish and define the connection of these two fields with condensed matter physics. According to the modern view, elementary particles (electrons, neutrinos, quarks, etc.) are excitations of a more fundamental medium called the quantum vacuum. This is the new 'aether' of the 21st Century. Electromagnetism, gravity, and the fields transferring weak and strong interactions all represent different types of the collective motion of the quantum vacuum. Among the existing condensed matter systems, a quantum liquid called superfluid 3He-A most closely represents the quantum vacuum. Its quasiparticles are very similar to the elementary particles, while the collective modes of the liquid are very similar to electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the quanta of these collective modes are analogues of photons and gravitons. The fundamental laws of physics, such as the laws of relativity (Lorentz invariance) and gauge invariance, arise when the temperature of the quantum liquid decreases. This book is written for graduate students and researchers in all areas of physics.
Vortex Dynamics And Optical Vortices
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Author : Hector Perez-De-Tejada
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2017-03-01
Vortex Dynamics And Optical Vortices written by Hector Perez-De-Tejada and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-01 with Science categories.
The contents of the book cover a wide variety of topics related to the analysis of the dynamics of vortices and describe the results of experiments, computational modeling and their interpretation. The book contains 13 chapters reaching areas of physics in vortex dynamics and optical vortices including vortices in superfluid atomic gases, vortex laser beams, vortex-antivortex in ferromagnetic hybrids, and optical vortices illumination in chiral nanostructures. Also, discussions are presented on particle motion in vortex flows, on the simulation of vortex-dominated flows, on vortices in saturable media, on achromatic vortices, and on ultraviolet vortices. Fractal light vortices, coherent vortex beams, together with vortices in electric dipole radiation, and spin wave dynamics in magnetic vortices are examined as well.
Bogoliubov De Gennes Method And Its Applications
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Author : Jian-Xin Zhu
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-06-21
Bogoliubov De Gennes Method And Its Applications written by Jian-Xin Zhu and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The purpose of this book is to provide an elementary yet systematic description of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations, their unique symmetry properties and their relation to Green’s function theory. Specifically, it introduces readers to the supercell technique for the solutions of the BdG equations, as well as other related techniques for more rapidly solving the equations in practical applications. The BdG equations are derived from a microscopic model Hamiltonian with an effective pairing interaction and fully capture the local electronic structure through self-consistent solutions via exact diagonalization. This approach has been successfully generalized to study many aspects of conventional and unconventional superconductors with inhomogeneities – including defects, disorder or the presence of a magnetic field – and becomes an even more attractive choice when the first-principles information of a typical superconductor is incorporated via the construction of a low-energy tight-binding model. Further, the lattice BdG approach is essential when theoretical results for local electronic states around such defects are compared with the scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. Altogether, these lectures provide a timely primer for graduate students and non-specialist researchers, while also offering a useful reference guide for experts in the field.
Handbook On The Physics And Chemistry Of Rare Earths
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Author : Karl A. Gschneidner
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2005-03-09
Handbook On The Physics And Chemistry Of Rare Earths written by Karl A. Gschneidner and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-09 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
This volume of the Handbook adds five new chapters to the science of rare earths. Two of the chapters deal with intermetallic compounds. An overview of ternary systems containing rare earths, transition metals and indium - Chapter 218 - opens the volume. It is followed by Chapter 219 sorting out relationships between superconductivity and magnetism. The next two chapters are dedicated to complex compounds of rare earths: Chapter 220 describes structural studies using circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy of lanthanide systems, while Chapter 221 examines rare-earth metal-organic frameworks, also known as coordination polymers. The final Chapter 222 deals with the catalytic activity of rare earths in site-selective hydrolysis of DNA and RNA. Ya. Kalychak, V. Zaremba, R. Pöttgen, M. Lukachuk, and R.-D. Hoffmann review the synthesis conditions, isothermal sections of phase diagrams, crystallography and basic physical properties of ternary intermetallic compounds consisting of the rare-earth metals, transition metals and indium. P. Thalmeier and G. Zwicknagl revisit the last decade of research uncovering some of the mysteries of the superconducting state, especially those related to heavy fermion superconductivity and the co-existence of the superconducting and exotic magnetically ordered states. J. P. Riehl and G. Muller review how the molecular stereochemistry of lanthanide complexes both in pure forms and in mixtures can be probed using circularly polarized luminescence. O. Guillou and C. Daiguebonne assess rare earth-containing metal-organic frameworks, also known as coordination polymers, which hold a potential as working bodies for opto-electronic and magnetic devices, microporous materials for a variety of uses, such as size- and shape-selective separations, catalyst support and hydrogen storage materials. Concluding the volume, M. Komiyama argues that future biotechnology may well rely on the use of rare-earth ions as unique catalysts that can slice DNA and RNA in order to allow their reprogramming, and thus lead to more effective bioengineered processes.
Quantized Vortex Dynamics And Superfluid Turbulence
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Author : C.F. Barenghi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-01-11
Quantized Vortex Dynamics And Superfluid Turbulence written by C.F. Barenghi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book springs from the programme Quantized Vortex Dynamics and Sup- ?uid Turbulence held at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences (University of Cambridge) in August 2000. What motivated the programme was the recognition that two recent developments have moved the study of qu- tized vorticity, traditionally carried out within the low-temperature physics and condensed-matter physics communities, into a new era. The ?rst development is the increasing contact with classical ?uid dynamics and its ideas and methods. For example, some current experiments with - lium II now deal with very classical issues, such as the measurement of velocity spectra and turbulence decay rates. The evidence from these experiments and many others is that super?uid turbulence and classical turbulence share many features. The challenge is now to explain these similarities and explore the time scales and length scales over which they hold true. The observed classical aspects have also attracted attention to the role played by the ?ow of the normal ?uid, which was somewhat neglected in the past because of the lack of direct ?ow visualization. Increased computing power is also making it possible to study the coupled motion of super?uid vortices and normal ?uids. Another contact with classical physics arises through the interest in the study of super?uid vortex - connections. Reconnections have been studied for some time in the contexts of classical ?uid dynamics and magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD), and it is useful to learn from the experience acquired in other ?elds.