Amoebae As Host Models To Study The Interaction With Pathogens
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Amoebae As Host Models To Study The Interaction With Pathogens
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Author : Sascha Thewes
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-08-27
Amoebae As Host Models To Study The Interaction With Pathogens written by Sascha Thewes and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-27 with categories.
The human body is constantly faced with microorganisms. Most of these bacteria, fungi, and viruses are harmless, many of them are beneficial, and a small fraction is pathogenic. For humans, infection with pathogenic microorganisms can be very serious or even fatal, ranging from mild transient or chronic infections to death. The first line of defence against pathogens is our innate immune system. Beside chemical and physical defence mechanisms of the innate immune system, phagocytic cells such as macrophages play a crucial role in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms. However, phagocytic cells and pathogens are in a constant evolutionary arms race, inventing new strategies to successfully kill pathogens and learning how to resist phagocytosis and intracellular killing, respectively. If pathogens are not obligatory adapted to the human body or other animals, they also have to face environmental phagocytes in the form of amoebae. Many aspects of phagocytosis and intracellular killing are surprisingly well conserved between amoebae and macrophages. Therefore, pathogens that have evolved with environmental amoebae as their “training grounds” can also be successful during infection of macrophages and other animal phagocytic cells. In this Research Topic, we provide the latest knowledge about the potential of using amoebae as host models to study the interaction with pathogens. The Research Topic covers the interaction of amoebae with bacteria, fungi, and viruses and also illustrates the similarities and differences between amoebae and macrophages. Investigation of evolutionary conserved pathways of amoebae and macrophages furthers our understanding of the biology of host-pathogen interactions and helps to develop new anti-infection therapies.
Model Organisms For Microbial Pathogenesis Biofilm Formation And Antimicrobial Drug Discovery
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Author : Busi Siddhardha
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-28
Model Organisms For Microbial Pathogenesis Biofilm Formation And Antimicrobial Drug Discovery written by Busi Siddhardha and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-28 with Science categories.
This book provides essential insights into microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, and the anti-microbial drug resistance of various human pathogens on the basis of various model organisms. The initial sections of the book introduce readers to the mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, anti-microbial drug resistance, and the dynamics of biofilm formation. Due to the emergence of various microbial resistant strains, it is especially important to understand the prognosis for microbial infections, disease progression profiles, and mechanisms of resistance to antibiotic therapy in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In turn, the second part of the book presents a comparative analysis of various animal models to help readers understand microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, anti-microbial drug discovery, anti-biofilm therapeutics, and treatment regimes. Given its scope, the book represents a valuable asset for microbiologists, biotechnologists, medical professionals, drug development researchers, and pharmacologists alike.
Host Pathogen Interaction
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Author : Gottfried Unden
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-09-06
Host Pathogen Interaction written by Gottfried Unden and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-06 with Science categories.
Dieser Werk behandelt umfassend und aktuell Stoffwechselveränderungen beim Menschen, die mit Wirt-Erreger-Beziehungen in Zusammenhang stehen. Teil 1 beschreibt die Anpassung pathogener Mikroben an Stoffwechselvorgänge. Teil 2 zeigt Wege für die Entwicklung neuartiger Antibiotika.
Public Health Microbiology
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Author : John F. T. Spencer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-02
Public Health Microbiology written by John F. T. Spencer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-02 with Medical categories.
Public Health Microbiology: Methods and Protocols is focused on microorganisms that can present a hazard to human health in the course of everyday life. There are chapters dealing with organisms that are directly pathogenic to humans, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi; on organisms that produce toxins during growth in their natural habitats; on the use of bacteriocins produced by such organisms as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria; as well as several chapters on hazard analysis, the use of disinfectants, microbiological analysis of cosmetics, and microbiological tests for sanitation equipment in food factories. Additional chapters look at the use of animals (mice) in the study of the various characteristics of milk and their relationships with lactic acid bacteria in particular. Other chapters focus on special methods for determining particular components of milk. In particular, in Parts I and II, on bacterial and viral pathogens, special attention is given to methods for PCR detection of genes with resistance to tetracycline, as well as to Salmonella enterica; for identification and typing of Campylobacter coli; for detection of the abundance of enteric viruses, hepatitis A virus, and rotaviruses in sewage, and of bacteriophages infecting the O157:H7 strain of Escherichia coli. Part III offers methods for computerized analysis and typing of fungal isolates, for isolation and enumeration of fungi in foods, and for the determination of aflatoxin and zearalenone.
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System In Infectious Disease
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Author : Geanncarlo Lugo-Villarino
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-10-04
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System In Infectious Disease written by Geanncarlo Lugo-Villarino and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-04 with categories.
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System (MPS) of vertebrates is composed of monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Together, they form part of the first line of immune defense against a variety of pathogens (bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses), and thus play an important role in maintaining organism homeostasis. The mode of transmission, type of replication and mechanism of disease-causing differ significantly for each pathogen, eliciting a unique immune response in the host. Within this context, the MPS acts as both the sentinel and tailor of the immune system. As sentinels, MPS cells are found in blood and within tissues throughout the body to patrol against pathogenic insult. The strategy to detect 'microbial non-self' relies on MPS to recognize conserved microbial products known as 'pathogen-associated molecular pattern' (PAMPs). PAMPs recognition represents a checkpoint in the response to pathogens and relies on conserved 'pattern recognition receptors' (PRRs). Upon PRR engagement, MPS mount a cell-autonomous attack that includes the internalization and compartmentalization of intracellular pathogens into toxic compartments that promote destruction. In parallel, MPS cells launch an inflammatory response composed of a cellular arm and soluble factors to control extracellular pathogens. In cases when innate immunity fails to eliminate the invading microbe, MPS serves as a tailor to generate adaptive immunity for pathogen eradication and generation of "memory" cells, thus ensuring enhanced protection against re-infection. Indeed, MPS cell functions comprise the capture, process, migration and delivery of antigenic information to lymphoid organs, where type-1 immunity is tailored against intracellular microbes and type-2 immunity against extracellular pathogens. However, this potent adaptive immunity is also a double-edge sword that can cause aberrant inflammatory disorders, like autoimmunity or chronic inflammation. For this reason, MPS also tailors tolerance immunity against unwanted inflammation. Successful clearance of the microbe results in its destruction and proper collection of debris, resolution of inflammation and tissue healing for which MPS is essential. Reciprocally, as part of the evolutionary process taking place in all organisms, microbes evolved strategies to circumvent the actions bestowed by MPS cells. Multiple pathogens modulate the differentiation, maturation and activation programs of the MPS, as an efficient strategy to avoid a dedicated immune response. Among the most common evasion strategies are the subversion of phagocytosis, inhibition of PRR-mediated immunity, resistance to intracellular killing by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, restriction of phagosome maturation, modulation of cellular metabolism and nutrient acquisition, regulation of cell death and autophagy, and modulation of pro-inflammatory responses and hijacking of tolerance mechanisms, among others. The tenet of this eBook is that a better understanding of MPS in infection will yield insights for development of therapeutics to enhance antimicrobial processes or dampen detrimental inflammation for the host's benefit. We believe that contributions to this topic will serve as a platform for discussion and debate about relevant issues and themes in this field. Our aim is to bring expert junior and senior scientists to address recent progress, highlight critical knowledge gaps, foment scientific exchange, and establish conceptual frameworks for future MPS investigation in the context of infectious disease.
Advances In Comparative Immunology
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Author : Edwin L. Cooper
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-07
Advances In Comparative Immunology written by Edwin L. Cooper and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-07 with Medical categories.
Immunologists, perhaps understandably, most often concentrate on the human immune system, an anthropocentric focus that has resulted in a dearth of information about the immune function of all other species within the animal kingdom. However, knowledge of animal immune function could help not only to better understand human immunology, but perhaps more importantly, it could help to treat and avoid the blights that affect animals, which consequently affect humans. Take for example the mass death of honeybees in recent years – their demise, resulting in much less pollination, poses a serious threat to numerous crops, and thus the food supply. There is a similar disappearance of frogs internationally, signaling ecological problems, among them fungal infections. This book aims to fill this void by describing and discussing what is known about non-human immunology. It covers various major animal phyla, its chapters organized in a progression from the simplest unicellular organisms to the most complex vertebrates, mammals. Chapters are written by experts, covering the latest findings and new research being conducted about each phylum. Edwin L. Cooper is a Distinguished Professor in the Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Neurobiology at UCLA’s David Geffen School of Medicine.
Protocols Used In Molecular Biology
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Author : Sandeep Singh
language : en
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Release Date : 2020-01-23
Protocols Used In Molecular Biology written by Sandeep Singh and has been published by Bentham Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-23 with Science categories.
Protocols used in Molecular Biology is a compilation of several examples of molecular biology protocols. Each example is presented with a concise introduction, materials and chemicals required, a step-by-step procedure and troubleshooting tips. Information about the application of the protocol is also provided. The techniques included in this book are essential to research in the fields of proteomics, genomics, cell culture, epigenetic modification and structural biology. The protocols can also be used by clinical researchers (neuroscientists and oncologists, for example) for medical applications (diagnostics, therapeutics and multidisciplinary projects).
New Advances In The Biology And Pathogenesis Of Free Living Amoebae
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Author : Isabel Marcelino
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-05-06
New Advances In The Biology And Pathogenesis Of Free Living Amoebae written by Isabel Marcelino and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-06 with Science categories.
Free-living amoebae (FLA) are fascinating unicellular eukaryotes, living freely in soil and freshwater habitats and feeding mainly on bacteria. Under stressful conditions, they can transform from a motile, metabolically active, and replicative trophozoite to a “dormant” and resistant cyst. Some FLA can be pathogenic to humans such as Acanthamoeba, Balamuthia, Naegleria, and Sappinia causing rare but fatal infection in humans. FLA are also known to be carriers of pathogenic microorganisms, but few information is currently available on the natural bacteria of FLA and how various bacteria avoid phagocytosis/predation by these specific types of amoebae. There is an imperious need to draw more attention to this group of microorganisms and for this we seek submissions that address advancements in the biology and pathogenesis of FLAs.
International Review Of Cell And Molecular Biology
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Author : Kwang W. Jeon
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2009-02-24
International Review Of Cell And Molecular Biology written by Kwang W. Jeon and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-24 with Science categories.
International Review of Cell & Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology—both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth.* Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field * Provides up-to-date information and directions for future research * Valuable reference material for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professional scientists
Advances In Pseudomonadaceae Research And Application 2012 Edition
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
Release Date : 2012-12-26
Advances In Pseudomonadaceae Research And Application 2012 Edition written by and has been published by ScholarlyEditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-26 with Medical categories.
Advances in Pseudomonadaceae Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Pseudomonadaceae. The editors have built Advances in Pseudomonadaceae Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Pseudomonadaceae in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Pseudomonadaceae Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.