Frontiers In Skeletal Muscle Wasting Regeneration And Stem Cells
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Frontiers In Skeletal Muscle Wasting Regeneration And Stem Cells
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Author : Carlos Hermano J. Pinheiro
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-05-25
Frontiers In Skeletal Muscle Wasting Regeneration And Stem Cells written by Carlos Hermano J. Pinheiro and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-25 with Physiology categories.
The search for knowledge on cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle mass homeostasis and regeneration is an exciting scientific area and extremely important to develop therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular disorders and conditions related to muscle wasting. The mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and regeneration consist of molecular signaling pathways modulating protein synthesis and degradation, bioenergetics alterations and preserved function of muscle stem cells. In the last years, different kinds of stem cells has been reported to be localized into skeletal muscle (satellite cells, mesoangioblasts, progenitor interstitial cells and others) or migrate from non-muscle sites, such as bone marrow, to muscle tissue in response to injury. In addition, myogenic progenitor cells are also activated in skeletal muscle wasting disorders. The goal of this research topic is to highlight the available knowledge regarding skeletal muscle and stem cell biology in the context of both physiological and pathological conditions. Our purpose herein is to facilitate better dissemination of research into skeletal muscle physiology field. Frontiers in Physiology is a journal indexed in: PubMed Central, Scopus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, CrossRef.
Frontiers In Skeletal Muscle Wasting Regeneration And Stem Cells
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Frontiers In Skeletal Muscle Wasting Regeneration And Stem Cells written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The search for knowledge on cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle mass homeostasis and regeneration is an exciting scientific area and extremely important to develop therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular disorders and conditions related to muscle wasting. The mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and regeneration consist of molecular signaling pathways modulating protein synthesis and degradation, bioenergetics alterations and preserved function of muscle stem cells. In the last years, different kinds of stem cells has been reported to be localized into skeletal muscle (satellite cells, mesoangioblasts, progenitor interstitial cells and others) or migrate from non-muscle sites, such as bone marrow, to muscle tissue in response to injury. In addition, myogenic progenitor cells are also activated in skeletal muscle wasting disorders. The goal of this research topic is to highlight the available knowledge regarding skeletal muscle and stem cell biology in the context of both physiological and pathological conditions. Our purpose herein is to facilitate better dissemination of research into skeletal muscle physiology field.
Cell Fate
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Author : Chin-Hsing Annie Lin
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-06-24
Cell Fate written by Chin-Hsing Annie Lin and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-24 with Genetics categories.
The fundamental question of how an undifferentiated progenitor cell adopts a more specialized cell fate that then contributes to the development of specialized tissues, organs, organ systems and ultimately a unique individual of a given species has intrigued cell and developmental biologists for many years. Advances in molecular and cell biology have enabled investigators to identify genetic and epigenetic factors that contribute to these processes with increasing detail and also to define the various molecular characteristics of each cell fate with greater precision. Understanding these processes have also provided greater insights into disorders in which the normal mechanisms of cell fate determination are altered, such as in cancer and inherited malformations. With these advances have come techniques that facilitate the manipulation of cell fate, which have the potential to revolutionize the field of medicine by facilitating the repair and/or regeneration of diseased organs. Given the rapid advances that are occurring in the field, the articles in this eBook are both relevant and timely. These articles originally appeared online as part of the Research Topic “Cell Fate” overseen by my colleagues Dr. Lin, Dr. Buttitta, Dr. Maves, Dr. Dilworth, Dr. Paladini and myself and have been viewed extensively. Because of their popularity, they are now made available as an eBook, in a more easily downloadable form. Michael T. Chin
Physico Chemical Control Of Cell Function
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Author : Cesare Gargioli
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-10-17
Physico Chemical Control Of Cell Function written by Cesare Gargioli and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-17 with categories.
Extracellular Matrix (ECM) has been considered for a long time merely a scaffold sustaining cell and tissue function. Despite this simplistic view shared by many, nowadays ECM and their mechanic-physical and chemical characteristic acquired a progressive larger role actively regulating cell life: survival, proliferation, gene expression and differentiation. The interplay between cells and the ECM is continuously controlled at the cell level in a dynamic way. While cells synthesize the raw components of the ECM, this in turn impacts on cell function by providing chemical, topographical and mechanical hints. Such stimuli have been proven to control several aspects of cell function, including survival, proliferation, differentiation and migration. The molecular pathways activated by cells in response to the physical cues arising from the ECM are being disclosed and thus the possibility to control cell function through materials design is becoming more realistic. Current in vitro protocols, relying in 2D cell culture system, entail reductionist approaches to the complexity of cell-ECM interaction and result in cells rapidly losing their distinctive functions in culture. Understanding and replicating the 3D microenvironmental cues affecting cell function appears as a mandatory requirement for the development of next-generation biomaterials, as well as for the establishment of more physiologically relevant and predictive in vitro models of diseases. Such an effort will require a multidisciplinary approach at the convergence of biophysics, biology, nanotechnology, and bioengineering.
Protein Post Translational Modifications In The Nervous System From Development To Disease And Ageing
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Author : Beatriz Alvarez
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-10-30
Protein Post Translational Modifications In The Nervous System From Development To Disease And Ageing written by Beatriz Alvarez and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-30 with Science categories.
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) increase the functional diversity of the proteome by reversibly or irreversibly modifying proteins during or after their synthesis. Thereby, they contribute to the structural and functional variety of proteins, conveying a complexity to the proteome that is significantly higher than the coding capacity of the genome. Moreover, providing another level of epigenetic regulation, PTMs of histone proteins in particular contribute to the modulation of gene accessibility and specific cell expression profiles. PTMs include enzymatically controlled modifications such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, or proteolysis as well as non-enzymatic reactions such as nitrosation, oxidation, or glycation. They can occur at the same amino acid sites, interfering with each other in hierarchical orders and thereby adding another level of complexity. In this way, PTMs influence protein function, turnover, secretion, localization, and interactions with other cellular molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and cofactors. Thus, they influence almost all aspects of cell biology and pathogenesis as well as represent a basis for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this regard, PTMs regulate several processes during neurodevelopment involving genes important for brain formation, the cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton-associating proteins as well as regulation of cell migration and axonal guidance.
Signalling Pathways In Embryonic Development
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Author : Juan J. Sanz-Ezquerro
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-11-30
Signalling Pathways In Embryonic Development written by Juan J. Sanz-Ezquerro and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-30 with categories.
The formation of a complex multicellular organism from a single cell is one of the most amazing processes of biology. Embryonic development is characterised by the careful regulation of cellular behaviours such that cells proliferate, migrate, differentiate and form tissues at the correct place and time. These processes are genetically controlled and depend both on the history of cells, their lineage, and on the activities of signalling pathways, which coordinate the cell interactions leading to organogenesis. The aim of the Frontiers research topic “Signalling pathways in embryonic development” has been to provide a forum for experts in cell and developmental biology to share recent advances in the field of signalling during embryonic development. Sixteen articles in a variety of formats are united in this Topic, offering a valuable collection for researchers looking for an update in the knowledge of signalling pathways operating during embryogenesis. The works, focused mainly on vertebrates, explore different aspects of this theme from cell communication to organ formation and have implications for areas as distant as evolution or pathology. Understanding developmental signalling pathways is important for several reasons. It gives us information about basic mechanisms of cell function and interactions needed for morphogenesis and organogenesis. It uncovers the basis of congenital malformations, since errors at any step of cell signalling during development are a major cause of defects. This fundamental insight gives us clues to understand the mechanisms operating in evolution that explain diversity in form and function. And finally, it allows the identification of possible causes of disease in the adult organism (such as cancer or degenerative diseases) pinpointing possible targets for therapeutic approaches.
The Role Of Metabolism In Stem Cell Fates
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Author : Anthony Scimè
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-21
The Role Of Metabolism In Stem Cell Fates written by Anthony Scimè and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-21 with Science categories.
The Role Of Exosomes In Metabolic And Endocrine Disease
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Author : Ling-Qing Yuan
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-04-07
The Role Of Exosomes In Metabolic And Endocrine Disease written by Ling-Qing Yuan and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-07 with Medical categories.
Muscle Stem Cells
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-04-29
Muscle Stem Cells written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-29 with Science categories.
Muscle Stem Cells, Volume 158 in the Current Topics of Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics surrounding Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy, Model systems used to study MuSC function, MuSCs in the growth and maintenance of muscle, Molecular regulation of myocyte fusion, A self-made quiescent niche of muscle stem cells, Characterization of the muscle regenerative environment, Role of microenvironment on muscle stem cell function in health, adaptation, and disease, Vascular Niche for Muscle Stem Cells, Regulation of muscle stem cell polarity in health and disease, and more.Additional chatpers cover Circadian timing of satellite cell function and muscle regeneration, Muscle stem cell activity is regulated by translational control of gene expression, Biomechanical stress in modulating MuSC function, Cross talk between cell types in regenerating muscle, Effects of the immune system on muscle regeneration, Effects of diabetes on MuSC function, and other timely topics. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series - Updated release includes the latest information on the Muscle Stem Cells
Macrophages In Inflammation And Its Resolution
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Author : Heiko Mühl
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :
Macrophages In Inflammation And Its Resolution written by Heiko Mühl and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Macrophages were initially identified as a key element in the innate host response to infection and injury due to their phagocytic clearance and elimination of pathogenic and non-pathogenic entities. However, as macrophage research advanced it became clear that not only are these cells amenable to the acquisition of multiple plastic phenotypes during inflammatory responses to different pathogens, they also play a paramount role in the termination of inflammation and acquired immune responses. In addition, macrophages profoundly affect host physiology when they migrate to distant sites and differentiate to specialized cells, like foam cells, osteoclasts, adipose tissue- and tumor -associated macrophages and other macrophage-derived cell types. These processes are affected by the inflammation-resolution axis and can result in health threats, such as atherosclerosis, bone loss, obesity, fibrosis and cancer. This Research Topic issue will cover a wide range of topics in macrophage biology: 1. Macrophages in immune responses to pathogens 2. Macrophages in the termination of acute and acquired immunity. 3. The role of macrophages and their descendents in inflammation-associated pathologies. 4. Macrophage polarization and differentiation. Particular focus will be given to the modulation of macrophage phenotype and function following their encounter with apoptotic cells and the signaling cascades that govern these changes.