Hypertension And Brain Damage
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Hypertension And Brain Damage
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Author : Antonio Coca
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-06-06
Hypertension And Brain Damage written by Antonio Coca and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-06 with Medical categories.
This book focuses on diverse aspects of the relationship between hypertension and brain damage, providing up-to-date information that will be of interest to both clinicians and researchers. After an introductory chapter on epidemiology, the significance of various comorbidities that represent risk factors for brain damage in the context of hypertension is discussed. Detailed consideration is then given to the effects of hypertension on small and large cerebral arteries and the consequences for brain damage. Similarly, the association between hypertension and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke is fully explored, and the evidence and guidelines regarding reduction of high blood pressure during the acute phase of each form of stroke are summarized. Both the primary and the secondary prevention of stroke are addressed, with presentation of the results of key trials. Readers will also find interesting new perspectives on the roles of different imaging techniques, including CT and functional MRI, in detecting and diagnosing brain damage in patients with hypertension. The closing chapters review the relation of hypertension to subjective and objective cognitive failures and to cognitive decline and dementia.
Seminar On Hypertension And Brain Damage
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Author : Francesco Amenta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Seminar On Hypertension And Brain Damage written by Francesco Amenta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Mechanisms Of Secondary Brain Damage
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Author : Alexander Baethmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Mechanisms Of Secondary Brain Damage written by Alexander Baethmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Great progress has been made in the understanding and prevention of secondary brain damage from acute cerebral disorders, such as trauma and ischemia. Advances may be concerned in particular with better organization and logistics of preclinical emergency care, including rapid arrival of well-trained medical staff on the scene of an accident and of transportation to a competent hospital. Nevertheless, it is a safe assumption that development of secondary brain damage from both intra- and extracranial causes still represents a major factor for the final outcome in severe head injury. Thus, exchanges of experiences and information between various disciplines involved with this important clinical problem - trauma still assumes the number one position as a cause of morbidity and mortality up to an age of 45 years - may provide a basis for in-depth analysis of remaining problems as well as of methods of their solution. This exactly is the purpose of the present publication on concepts and findings pertinent for the general subject of secondary brain damage from various experimental as well as clinical viewpoints. An internationally high-ranking group of experts has been contributing to this collection of reviews on cerebral trauma and ischemia and its adverse sequelae, including cerebral exploration by most modern technologies, such as NMR spectroscopy or PET scanning, among others.
Arterial Hypertension Brain Damage Cognition And Stress
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Author : Francesco Amenta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Arterial Hypertension Brain Damage Cognition And Stress written by Francesco Amenta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Hypertension And Stroke
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Author : Venkatesh Aiyagari
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-11-12
Hypertension And Stroke written by Venkatesh Aiyagari and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-12 with Medical categories.
This timely volume addresses the intimate pathophysiologic relationship between hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is one of the most important global public health challenges, and its relationship to stroke and other catastrophic cerebrovascular diseases is an area of growing understanding. In this outstanding book, the editors and authors clearly and concisely synthesize our developing knowledge and place epidemiologic and physiologic information into a practical clinical context. Comprehensive chapters present the evidence supporting strategies for stroke prevention and care, including blood pressure lowering therapies, anti-coagulation, and management of other cerebrovascular risk factors. In addition to prescriptive measures for first stroke prevention, the book illuminates current regimens for care immediately after acute stroke and for the prevention of recurrent stroke. A unique section is dedicated to the exploration of the interaction between elevated blood pressure and brain function and cognition. The concluding chapter provides a resource towards optimizing the organization of stroke care. Hypertension and Stroke is of great utility for specialists in neurology and cardiovascular medicine and a valuable practical resource for all physicians caring for older adults and hypertensive patients.
Role Of Diastolic Arterial Pressure In Microstructural Changes Of The Brain In Patients With Hypertension Related Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
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Author : Elena V. Gnedovskaya
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Role Of Diastolic Arterial Pressure In Microstructural Changes Of The Brain In Patients With Hypertension Related Cerebral Small Vessel Disease written by Elena V. Gnedovskaya and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Introduction. The usage of modern antihypertensive drugs improved the course of arterial hypertension (AH), but did not lead to the expected reduction in the incidence of small vessel disease (SVD) and its complications. This fact encourages further investigation of the mechanisms of hypertension-related brain damage.Objective: Evaluation of the relation between daily profile of blood pressure (BP) and microstructure changes of the brain in patients with SVD and AH.Material and methods. The study included 64 patients (mean age 59.4u00b15.4 years, 38 (59,4%) female) with SVD and AH. All patients received antihypertensive drugs. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and diffusion MRI with region of interest analysis of diffusion coefficient according to different maps for all participants. The relation between parameters was estimated using multivariate linear regression.Results. A statistically significant relation was found between daily profile of BP according to ABPM and microstructure abnormalities of the juxtacortical white matter hyperintensity (WMH) of anterior and posterior frontal lobes according to MRI data. An increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and its variability were of predominant importance in increasing in mean and radial diffusivity.Conclusion. The revealed relations evidence to importance of the increase and variability of DBP to brain damage in patients with SVD and AH. u041cicrostructural abnormalities seems to correspond to an increase in the diffusion of free water and damage to myelin suggesting an increase in permeability of the blood-brain barrier and the development of vasogenic edema in areas of WMH in patients with SVD and AH.
Modulation Of The Blood Brain Barrier During Hypertension Development
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Author : Sharon Hom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Modulation Of The Blood Brain Barrier During Hypertension Development written by Sharon Hom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Hypertension is involved in the exacerbation of stroke. Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cerebral edema formation are potentially lethal complications of cerebral infarction. It is unclear how BBB tight junction (TJ), ion transporter, and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway proteins critical for maintaining brain homeostasis contribute to cerebral infarction during hypertension development. The hypothesis of this study is that hypertension leads to molecular changes in the BBB which predispose the brain to increased cerebral infarct damage following ischemic stroke. Studies were undertaken to investigate the effect of hypertension development on (1) physiological parameters of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and on the expression levels of BBB TJ, ion transporter, and PKC proteins potentially involved in ischemia-induced infarct damage; (2) ischemia-induced infarct volume following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO); and (3) the effect of inhibition of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE-1) on ischemia-induced infarct volume following permanent MCAO in hypertensive SHR (15 weeks). Early hypertension development was determined in SHR and compared to normotensive, age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at 5 (pre-hypertension), 10 (early stage hypertension), and 15 (later stage hypertension) weeks of age. Characterization of BBB TJ and ion transporter proteins known to contribute to edema and fluid volume changes in the brain show differential protein expression patterns during hypertension development. Western blot analysis of TJ zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) showed decreased expression while ion transporter, NHE-1 was markedly increased in hypertensive SHR (15 weeks) compared to age-matched controls. Hypertensive SHR (10 and 15 weeks) showed greatly increased necrotic volume with impaired neurological deficits and edema formation. Increased NHE-1 expression in hypertensive SHR (15 week) suggests a potential role for this ion transporter in the promotion of ischemic brain injury. Selective inhibition of NHE-1 using 5-(N, N-Dimethyl)amiloride (DMA) showed significant attenuation in ischemia-induced infarct volume in hypertensive SHR following MCAO. These data suggest a novel role for NHE-1 at the BBB/neurovascular unit in the regulation of ischemia-induced infarct volume in hypertensive SHR suggesting that modulation of NHE-1 may be a factor important in the potentiation of MCAO infarct size and a novel therapeutic target in the prevention of ischemic stroke.
Recognizing Brain Injury
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Author : Eelco F.M. Wijdicks
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-02-14
Recognizing Brain Injury written by Eelco F.M. Wijdicks and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-14 with Medical categories.
This book is the first of 4 books on the core principles of acute neurology. This book is a primer -and a great deal more-on how to clinically recognize acute brain injury and to treat its consequences. Acute brain injury -often changes the dynamics of cerebral blood flow, cerebrospinal fluid mechanics and eventually intracranial pressure. And furthermore, acute brain and spine injury impacts on heart function, blood pressure control, breathing regulation and even gastric and bladder function. It is necessary to not only understand these fundamentals but also how certain measures could influence or correct these manifestations. Major concepts are illustrated to facilitate understanding. Each chapter concludes with a section that explains its relevance to clinical practice.The book truly combines basic neuroscience with practical know- how in an easy to read prose useful for both the novice and expert.
Neurorehabilitation Therapy And Therapeutics
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Author : Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-10-11
Neurorehabilitation Therapy And Therapeutics written by Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-11 with Medical categories.
This practical handbook for clinicians covers pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options in neurological rehabilitation.
Cerebral Blood Flow
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1972-01-01
Cerebral Blood Flow written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972-01-01 with Medical categories.
Progress in Brain Research is the most acclaimed and accomplished series in neuroscience. The serial is well-established as an extensive documentation of contemporary advances in the field. The volumes contain authoritative reviews and original articles by invited specialists. The rigorous editing of the volumes assures that they will appeal to all laboratory and clinical brain research workers in the various disciplines: neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, neuroendocrinology, neuropathology, basic neurology, biological psychiatry and the behavioral sciences.