Membrane Microdomains In Disease Lipid Rafts
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Membrane Microdomains In Disease Lipid Rafts
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Author : Jan Kliemann
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2012
Membrane Microdomains In Disease Lipid Rafts written by Jan Kliemann and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Medical categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2005 im Fachbereich Medizin - Anatomie, Physiologie, Cytologie, Note: 2, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Institut für Pharmakologie), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Seit der Formulierung der Theorie des "Flüssig-Mosaik-Modells" durch Singer und Nicolson, deren Grundlagen bis heute weiterhin Gültigkeit besitzt, sind inzwischen schon einige Jahre vergangen. Die Physiologie und Biochemie von biologischen Membranen ist seitdem zu einem äusserst wichtigen Thema in vielen Bereichen der Wissenschaft geworden. Neue Verfahren wurden entwickelt, neue Ansätze gefunden und alte Ansichten präzisiert oder gar geändert. Die vor ungefähr fünfzehn Jahren erstmals so genannten "Lipid rafts" (kurz: Rafts) sind ein solcher neuer Ansatz. Es handelt sich dabei um eine Form von Mikrodomänen, die durch eine bestimmte Zusammensetzung von Lipiden gekennzeichnet ist und deren Funktionen sich als äusserst vielfältig erwiesen haben. "Lipid rafts" sind beteiligt an der Endozytose, der Signaltransduktion, der Membranbiosynthese und der Pathogenese zahlreicher Krankheiten. Insbesondere aufgrund dieses letzten Punktes, haben sie auch in der medizinischen Forschung Aufsehen erregt. Ich werde diese Arbeit mit geschichtlichen Hintergründen, Definitionen und Abgrenzungen zu anderen ähnlichen Begriffen, und dem Aufbau von "Lipid rafts" beginnen. Es folgt eine Erläuterung von zwei ihrer Funktionen, nämlich der Endozytose und des Membranstoffwechsels.. Punkt vier enthält eine Diskussion über die Raft-abhängige Signaltransduktion, welche durch den Antikörper IgE an Mastzellen zur Ausschüttung von Histaminen führen kann. Als fünften Punkt setze ich mich stellvertretend anhand des HIV mit dem Problem auseinander, wie parasitäre Mikroorganismen "Lipid rafts" für ihre Zwecke nutzen. Abschließend folgt eine Zusammenfassung, in der ich auch verbleibende, mehr oder weniger ungeklärte Fragen zum Thema benennen möchte.
Membrane Microdomain Signaling
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Author : Mark P. Mattson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005
Membrane Microdomain Signaling written by Mark P. Mattson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Medical categories.
From intramolecular asymmetries to raft assemblies: a short guide for the puzzled in lipidomics / Ephraim Yavin and Annette Brand -- Regulatory aspects of membrane microdomain (raft) dynamics in live cells: a biophysical approach / János Matkó and János Szöllosi -- Lipid raft membrane skeletons / Elizabeth J. Luna ... [et al.] -- Role of cholesterol in membrane microdomain signaling / Christopher J. Fielding -- Raft lipid metabolism in relation to alkyl-lysophospholipid-induced apoptosis / Arnold H. van der Luit, Marcel Verheij, and Wim J. van Blitterswijk -- Role of lipid rafts in signal transduction and synaptic plasticity of neural cells / Markus Delling and Melitta Schachner -- Role of rafts in virus fusion and budding / Wu Ou and Jonathan Silver -- Alterations in raft lipid metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative disorders / Mark P. Mattson, Roy G. Cutler, and Norman J. Haughey -- Caveolin and cancer: a complex relationship / Mordechai Liscovitch ... [et al.] -- Dietary modulation of lipid rafts: implications for disease prevention and treatment / Mark P. Mattson.
Membrane Dynamics And Domains
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Author : Peter J. Quinn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Membrane Dynamics And Domains written by Peter J. Quinn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
The fluid-mosaic model of membrane structure formulated by Singer and Nicolson in the early 1970s has proven to be a durable concept in terms of the principles governing the organization of the constituent lipids and proteins. During the past 30 or so years a great deal of information has accumulated on the composition of various cell membranes and how this is related to the dif ferent functions that membranes perform. Nevertheless, the task of explaining particular functions at the molecular level has been hampered by lack of struc tural detail at the atomic level. The reason for this is primarily the difficulty of crystallizing membrane proteins which require strategies that differ from those used to crystallize soluble proteins. The unique exception is bacteriorhodopsin of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium which is interpolated into a membrane that is neither fluid nor in a mosaic configuration. To date only 50 or so membrane proteins have been characterised to atomic resolution by diffraction methods, in contrast to the vast data accumulated on soluble proteins. Another factor that has been difficult to explain is the reason why the lipid compliment of membranes is often extremely complex. Many hundreds of different molecular species of lipid can be identified in some membranes. Remarkably, the particular composition of each membrane appears to be main tained within relatively narrow limits and its identity distinguished from other morphologically-distinct membranes.
Cerebral And Cerebellar Cortex
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Author : Stavros J. Baloyannis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Cerebral And Cerebellar Cortex written by Stavros J. Baloyannis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Brain categories.
Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex - Interaction and Dynamics in Health and Disease discusses several important issues of cerebro-cerebellar collaboration and interactions. The morphological and functional study of the cerebral and cerebellar cortices and their interaction has considerable value for interpreting the clinical phenomenology of cortical degenerations in the initial stage of the disease. In addition, the analysis of cerebro-cerebellar interactions strongly supports the concept of the close functional unity and harmonization of the brain and the cerebellum, underlining the important role that the cerebellar cortex plays in the performance of higher mental faculties, creativity, emotional processes, and homeostatic equilibrium of the human body.
Caveolae And Lipid Rafts Roles In Signal Transduction And The Pathogenesis Of Human Disease
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Author : Edward Bittar
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2005-10-07
Caveolae And Lipid Rafts Roles In Signal Transduction And The Pathogenesis Of Human Disease written by Edward Bittar and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-07 with Science categories.
Caveolae (latin for little caves) are small structures found at the surface of cells. They are responsible for the regulation of important metabolic pathway. As a consequence, they may play a critical role in several human diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, and muscular dystrophies. This book analyzes the role and function of caveolae in these aspects and serves as the first textbook currently available on caveolae/caveolin.
Targeting Lipid Rafts As A Strategy Against Infection And Cancer
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Author : Giulio Preta
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-10-22
Targeting Lipid Rafts As A Strategy Against Infection And Cancer written by Giulio Preta and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-22 with Science categories.
Lipid Rafts And Development Of Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : Mario Díaz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Lipid Rafts And Development Of Alzheimer S Disease written by Mario Díaz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Medical categories.
A wealth of evidence accumulated over the last two decades has unambiguously linked lipid rafts to neurodegenerative diseases, in particular to Alzheimer,Äôs disease (AD). These microdomains are highly dynamic membrane platforms with differentiated physicochemical and molecular properties compared to the surrounding membrane microenvironment, and are the locus for a number of central processes¬†in neuronal physiology. Most recent evidence pinpoint to lipid rafts as main players in AD neuropathology. It is now widely accepted that lipid rafts actively participate in the processing of amyloid precursor protein to generate amyloid beta peptides, a main component of amyloid plaques. Current evidence have highlighted the existence of severe alterations in the molecular structure and functionality of lipid rafts in the frontal cortex of human brains affected by Alzheimer,Äôs disease. An exceptionally interesting observation is that lipid raft destabilization can be demonstrated even at the earliest stages of AD neuropathology. In the present review, we will first elaborate on the structure and function of these multifaceted subcellular structures and second to focus on the impact of their alterations in neuronal pathophysiology along the onset and progression of AD continuum.
Lipid Domains
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-06-08
Lipid Domains written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-08 with Science categories.
Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume offers an up to date presentation of current knowledge in the field of Lipid Domains. Written by leading experts Contains original material, both textual and illustrative, that should become a very relevant reference material The material is presented in a very comprehensive manner Both researchers in the field and general readers should find relevant and up-to-date information
Brain Lipids In Synaptic Function And Neurological Disease
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Author : Jacques Fantini
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-05-12
Brain Lipids In Synaptic Function And Neurological Disease written by Jacques Fantini and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-12 with Medical categories.
Lipids are the most abundant organic compounds found in the brain, accounting for up to 50% of its dry weight. The brain lipidome includes several thousands of distinct biochemical structures whose expression may greatly vary according to age, gender, brain region, cell type, as well as subcellular localization. In synaptic membranes, brain lipids specifically interact with neurotransmitter receptors and control their activity. Moreover, brain lipids play a key role in the generation and neurotoxicity of amyloidogenic proteins involved in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases. The aim of this book is to provide for the first time a comprehensive overview of brain lipid structures, and to explain the roles of these lipids in synaptic function, and in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Creutzfeldt-Jakob’s and Parkinson’s. To conclude the book, the authors present new ideas that can drive innovative therapeutic strategies based on the knowledge of the role of lipids in brain disorders. Written to provide a "hands-on" approach for readers Biochemical structures explained with molecular models, and molecular mechanisms explained with simple drawings Step-by-step guide to memorize and draw lipid structures Each chapter features a content summary, up-to-date references for additional study, and a key experiment with an explanation of the technique
Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking
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Author : T.Y. Chang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking written by T.Y. Chang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALE FOR INTRACELLULAR CHOLESTEROL TRAFFICKING This volume is an elaboration of an earlier small meeting held in St. Louis, Missouri. In April 1997, many of the authors met for a two-day meeting devoted entirely to intracellular cholesterol trafficking. The rationale for this meeting was that investigators interested in this topic worked in a variety of fields, and rarely, if ever, all met together. Everybody knew each other's papers but mostly worked in isolation from one another. Understanding of cholesterol trafficking also appeared to have reached the point where it would start to rapidly expand beyond these few laboratories. Understanding of cholesterol trafficking was moving from a largely descriptive science into the molecular age. It seemed a good time to get together and see how much we agreed upon up to this point. More authors contributed to this volume than attended the St. Louis meeting. That meeting was generously funded by grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck and Company and Parke-Davis, however, the total funding available limited the size of the meeting. For the book, we are not so limited and have tried to be as inclusive as possible and pretty much invited everyone who is presently active in this area. We were quite fortunate to successfully recruit the authors we sought for each of these chapters. The authors and their contributions can be organized by particular interests and particular areas of expertise.