Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System Function And Dysfunction
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Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System
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Author : Leif Hertz
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2004
Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System written by Leif Hertz and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Electronic books categories.
Annotation The brain, and the rest of the nervous system, consists of nerve cells (neurons) and non-neuronal cells (glial cells), which by far outnumber the neurons, but in the past have received much less attention. This began to change about 30 years ago with the realization that glial cells carry out very important functions, generally in collaboration with the nerve cells. Evidence is now starting to accumulate that glial cells, especially astrocytes and microglia, may be major (in some cases the main) players in a multitude of neurological and mental diseases, and that different types of glial cells interact not only with nerve cells but also with each other and with cells lining brain tissue and controlling exchange of nutrients and other compounds between the brain and the rest of the body. Understanding of these interactions during normal function and in disease states is hampered by the fact that general knowledge of cellular interactions during brain function is limited. These books present an attempt to remedy this situation. In the first two volumes, basic information about cell types and biochemical and physiological interactions between these cells is provided by leading experts in the field, and in the last part emerging evidence of the importance of such cellular interactions in several of the most important neurological and mental diseases is presented by leading researchers working actively in the field in question.
Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System Function And Dysfunction
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Author : Leif Hertz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System Function And Dysfunction written by Leif Hertz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System Function And Dysfunction
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Author : L. Hertz
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Science
Release Date : 2003-12-08
Non Neuronal Cells Of The Nervous System Function And Dysfunction written by L. Hertz and has been published by Elsevier Science this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-08 with Science categories.
The brain, and the rest of the nervous system, consists of nerve cells (neurons) and non-neuronal cells (glial cells), which by far outnumber the neurons, but in the past have received much less attention. This began to change about 30 years ago with the realization that glial cells carry out very important functions, generally in collaboration with the nerve cells. Evidence is now starting to accumulate that glial cells, especially astrocytes and microglia, may be major (in some cases the main) players in a multitude of neurological and mental diseases, and that different types of glial cells interact not only with nerve cells but also with each other and with cells lining brain tissue and controlling exchange of nutrients and other compounds between the brain and the rest of the body. Understanding of these interactions during normal function and in disease states is hampered by the fact that general knowledge of cellular interactions during brain function is limited. These books present an attempt to remedy this situation. In the first two volumes, basic information about cell types and biochemical and physiological interactions between these cells is provided by leading experts in the field, and in the last part emerging evidence of the importance of such cellular interactions in several of the most important neurological and mental diseases is presented by leading researchers working actively in the field in question.
Drosophila Glia
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Author : LinFang Wang
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2019-03-18
Drosophila Glia written by LinFang Wang and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-18 with Science categories.
Glia, the non-neuronal cells in the nervous systems, are both passive and active participants in diverse arrays of neuronal function. The diversity of glial cells in various animal species appears to be correlated with the complexity of brains. In the animal Drosophila melanogaster, glia are similarly categorized to their mammalian counterparts in morphology and function. Surface glia cover the outermost surface of the brain and function as a blood-brain-barrier to protect the nervous system. Cortex glia, similar to mammalian astrocytes, enwrap around the neuronal cell bodies and provide trophic support. Neuropil glia, similar to mammalian astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, are closely associated with the synapse-enriched neuropils and regulate synapse formation, synaptic function, and underlie the mechanism of circuit and behavior. This short monograph focuses on Drosophila glia, discusses the classification of different glial subtypes and their developmental origins, and provides an overview of different glial-mediated activity crucial for the development and function of the nervous system. This context serves as a general introduction to the molecular and cellular basis of glial function in normal and pathological brains.
Enteric Glia
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Author : Brian D. Gulbransen
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2014-07-01
Enteric Glia written by Brian D. Gulbransen and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-01 with Medical categories.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex neural network embedded in the gut wall that orchestrates the reflex behaviors of the intestine. The ENS is often referred to as the “little brain” in the gut because the ENS is more similar in size, complexity and autonomy to the central nervous system (CNS) than other components of the autonomic nervous system. Like the brain, the ENS is composed of neurons that are surrounded by glial cells. Enteric glia are a unique type of peripheral glia that are similar to astrocytes of the CNS. Yet enteric glial cells also differ from astrocytes in many important ways. The roles of enteric glial cell populations in the gut are beginning to come to light and recent evidence implicates enteric glia in almost every aspect of gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology. However, elucidating the exact mechanisms by which enteric glia influence gastrointestinal physiology and identifying how those roles are altered during gastrointestinal pathophysiology remain areas of intense research. The purpose of this e-book is to provide an introduction to enteric glial cells and to act as a resource for ongoing studies on this fascinating population of glia. Table of Contents: Introduction / A Historical Perspective on Enteric Glia / Enteric Glia: The Astroglia of the Gut / Molecular Composition of Enteric Glia / Development of Enteric Glia / Functional Roles of Enteric Glia / Enteric Glia and Disease Processes in the Gut / Concluding Remarks / References / Author Biography
Neuronal Networks In Brain Function Cns Disorders And Therapeutics
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Author : Carl Faingold
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-12-26
Neuronal Networks In Brain Function Cns Disorders And Therapeutics written by Carl Faingold and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-26 with Medical categories.
Neuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and Therapeutics, edited by two leaders in the field, offers a current and complete review of what we know about neural networks. How the brain accomplishes many of its more complex tasks can only be understood via study of neuronal network control and network interactions. Large networks can undergo major functional changes, resulting in substantially different brain function and affecting everything from learning to the potential for epilepsy. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, this book advances the understanding of: How the brain carries out important tasks via networks How these networks interact in normal brain function Major mechanisms that control network function The interaction of the normal networks to produce more complex behaviors How brain disorders can result from abnormal interactions How therapy of disorders can be advanced through this network approach This book will benefit neuroscience researchers and graduate students with an interest in networks, as well as clinicians in neuroscience, pharmacology, and psychiatry dealing with neurobiological disorders. Utilizes perspectives and tools from various neuroscience subdisciplines (cellular, systems, physiologic), making the volume broadly relevant Chapters explore normal network function and control mechanisms, with an eye to improving therapies for brain disorders Reflects predominant disciplinary shift from an anatomical to a functional perspective of the brain Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available
The Cell Cycle In The Central Nervous System
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Author : Damir Janigro
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-01-23
The Cell Cycle In The Central Nervous System written by Damir Janigro and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-23 with Medical categories.
Cell Cycle in the Central Nervous System overviews the changes in cell cycle as they relate to prenatal and post natal brain development, progression to neurological disease or tumor formation.Topics covered range from the cell cycle during the prenatal development of the mammalian central nervous system to future directions in postnatal neurogenesis through gene transfer, electrical stimulation, and stem cell introduction. Additional chapters examine the postnatal development of neurons and glia, the regulation of cell cycle in glia, and how that regulation may fail in pretumor conditions or following a nonneoplastic CNS response to injury. Highlights include treatments of the effects of deep brain stimulation on brain development and repair; the connection between the electrophysiological properties of neuroglia, cell cycle, and tumor progression; and the varied immunological responses and their regulation by cell cycle.
Glial Cells In Health And Disease Of The Cns
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Author : Rommy von Bernhardi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-06
Glial Cells In Health And Disease Of The Cns written by Rommy von Bernhardi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-06 with Medical categories.
A timely overview covering the three major types of glial cells in the central nervous system - astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. New findings on glia biology are overturning a century of conventional thinking about how the brain operates and are expanding our knowledge about information processing in the brain. The book will present recent research findings on the role of glial cells in both healthy function and disease. It will comprehensively cover a broad spectrum of topics while remaining compact in size.
Non Neuronal Cells In Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : P Zatta
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1995-12-21
Non Neuronal Cells In Alzheimer S Disease written by P Zatta and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-12-21 with Medical categories.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating pathology of the central nervous system (CNS) of unknown etiology which represents the most common neurodegenerative disorder. AD is the major cause of senile dementia, affecting approximately 5% of the population over 70. This syndrome is characterized by loss of short-term memory and progressive impairment of intellectual functions. No established therapeutic strategy has been found so far. Until recently, much of the literature on AD discussed the effects of this syndrome on the CNS. In the last few years, however, a large amount of information has appeared which underscored the importance of studying AD from other perspectives with the view of identifying reliable biological markers. The amyloid precursor proteins (APPs), for instance, constitute a complex family of membrane-bound and soluble glycoproteins that are derived by alternative splicing of a gene on chromosome 21. In the hemopoietic system, APPs have been detected in a number of cell types, such as leukocytes, megakaryocytes and platelets. In addition plasma contains picomolar concentrations of APP isoforms most likely derived from platelets. Abnormalities were also detected in the electrophoretic profile of erythrocytic membranes from AD patients. Numerous abnormalities have been proposed as peripheral markers for AD and several laboratories around the world are deeply involved in this challenging research. This book provides up-to-date information, as review chapters, on non-neuronal cells, with the aim of stimulating the formulation of potential diagnostic-therapeutic strategies. Contents:Foreword (P Zatta & M Nicolini)The Blood-Brain Barrier in Aluminium Toxicity and Alzheimer's Disease (W A Banks et al.)Cerebrospinal Fluid Biochemical Markers in Alzheimer's Disease (K Blennow)Platelet and Erythrocyte Membrane Microviscosity in Alzheimer's Disease: The Effect of Metals (S J van Rensburg et al.)Erythrocyte Aging, Anion Exchange Proteins, and Alzheimer's Disease (G J C G M Bosman & W J de Grip)Structural and Functional Changes in Erythrocytes and Platelets in Alzheimer's Disease (I Hajimohammadreza & M J Brammer)The Amyloid Protein Precursor of Alzheimer's Disease in Human Platelets and Kidney (Q X Li et al.)Proliferative Properties of Skin Cultured Fibroblasts in Alzheimer's Disease (S Sorbi & G Tesco)Membrane Cytoskeletal Protein Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease (D A Butterfield)Mitochondria, Aging, and Neurological Diseases (J P Blass et al.)The Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Amyloid Deposition in Alzheimer's Disease (D W Dickson et al.)Relationships of Glia to Inflammatory Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis (L Brachova et al.)The Role of Microglial Cells in Alzheimer's Disease (D M A Mann)Glial Cell Extracellular Matrix in Alzheimer's Disease (D A Dewitt et al.)Role of Inflammation and Complement Activation in Alzheimer's Disease (R Veerhuis et al.)Non-Neuronal Cells Involved in β-Amyloid Deposition in Alzheimer's Disease (H M Wisniewski & J Wegiel)Trace Elements in Non-Neuronal Tissues in Alzheimer's Disease (W D Ehmann et al.) Readership: Neurologists, neuroscientists, geriatricians, psychiatrists, epidemiologists, biomedical research scientists, pathologists and graduate students. keywords: “… the chapters are well written and informative … the book is well organized and will be of interest to a wide audience.” Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
Essentials Of Stem Cell Biology
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Author : Robert Lanza
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2009-06-05
Essentials Of Stem Cell Biology written by Robert Lanza and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-05 with Science categories.
First developed as an accessible abridgement of the successful Handbook of Stem Cells, Essentials of Stem Cell Biology serves the needs of the evolving population of scientists, researchers, practitioners and students that are embracing the latest advances in stem cells. Representing the combined effort of seven editors and more than 200 scholars and scientists whose pioneering work has defined our understanding of stem cells, this book combines the prerequisites for a general understanding of adult and embryonic stem cells with a presentation by the world's experts of the latest research information about specific organ systems. From basic biology/mechanisms, early development, ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, methods to application of stem cells to specific human diseases, regulation and ethics, and patient perspectives, no topic in the field of stem cells is left uncovered. Selected for inclusion in Doody's Core Titles 2013, an essential collection development tool for health sciences libraries Contributions by Nobel Laureates and leading international investigators Includes two entirely new chapters devoted exclusively to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells written by the scientists who made the breakthrough Edited by a world-renowned author and researcher to present a complete story of stem cells in research, in application, and as the subject of political debate Presented in full color with glossary, highlighted terms, and bibliographic entries replacing references