Probability Objectivity And Evidence

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Probability Objectivity And Evidence
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Author : Frederick C. Benenson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 1984-01-01
Probability Objectivity And Evidence written by Frederick C. Benenson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984-01-01 with Philosophy categories.
Probability Objectivity And Evidence
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Author : F. C. Benenson
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-08-29
Probability Objectivity And Evidence written by F. C. Benenson and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-08-29 with Philosophy categories.
First published in 1984, in Probability, Objectivity and Evidence the author claims that the theory of probability provides a single, correct, analysis of probability and that the concept of probability employed in science can best be understood as that of inductive probability; to do so, it is necessary to show both how the logical relation theory of probability can be given a formulation sufficiently objective for the purposes of science, and how other attempts to explain the objective character of probability judgements are unsatisfactory. These and related questions occupy the first five chapters of the book. The last two chapters contain more or less independent material on the principle of indifference. The author argues that in essence, the logical relation theory alone can explain how we have objective knowledge of probabilities, and so it alone provides a viable system translation of the concept of probability used in science. This is a must read for students of logic and philosophy.
In Defence Of Objective Bayesianism
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Author : Jon Williamson
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2010-05-13
In Defence Of Objective Bayesianism written by Jon Williamson and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-13 with Mathematics categories.
How strongly should you believe the various propositions that you can express? That is the key question facing Bayesian epistemology. Subjective Bayesians hold that it is largely (though not entirely) up to the agent as to which degrees of belief to adopt. Objective Bayesians, on the other hand, maintain that appropriate degrees of belief are largely (though not entirely) determined by the agent's evidence. This book states and defends a version of objective Bayesian epistemology. According to this version, objective Bayesianism is characterized by three norms: · Probability - degrees of belief should be probabilities · Calibration - they should be calibrated with evidence · Equivocation - they should otherwise equivocate between basic outcomes Objective Bayesianism has been challenged on a number of different fronts. For example, some claim it is poorly motivated, or fails to handle qualitative evidence, or yields counter-intuitive degrees of belief after updating, or suffers from a failure to learn from experience. It has also been accused of being computationally intractable, susceptible to paradox, language dependent, and of not being objective enough. Especially suitable for graduates or researchers in philosophy of science, foundations of statistics and artificial intelligence, the book argues that these criticisms can be met and that objective Bayesianism is a promising theory with an exciting agenda for further research.
Probability In Physics
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Author : Yemima Ben-Menahem
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-10
Probability In Physics written by Yemima Ben-Menahem and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-10 with Science categories.
What is the role and meaning of probability in physical theory, in particular in two of the most successful theories of our age, quantum physics and statistical mechanics? Laws once conceived as universal and deterministic, such as Newton‘s laws of motion, or the second law of thermodynamics, are replaced in these theories by inherently probabilistic laws. This collection of essays by some of the world‘s foremost experts presents an in-depth analysis of the meaning of probability in contemporary physics. Among the questions addressed are: How are probabilities defined? Are they objective or subjective? What is their explanatory value? What are the differences between quantum and classical probabilities? The result is an informative and thought-provoking book for the scientifically inquisitive.
Probabilities Laws And Structures
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Author : Dennis Dieks
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-02-02
Probabilities Laws And Structures written by Dennis Dieks and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-02 with Science categories.
This volume, the third in this Springer series, contains selected papers from the four workshops organized by the ESF Research Networking Programme "The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective" (PSE) in 2010: Pluralism in the Foundations of Statistics Points of Contact between the Philosophy of Physics and the Philosophy of Biology The Debate on Mathematical Modeling in the Social Sciences Historical Debates about Logic, Probability and Statistics The volume is accordingly divided in four sections, each of them containing papers coming from the workshop focussing on one of these themes. While the programme's core topic for the year 2010 was probability and statistics, the organizers of the workshops embraced the opportunity of building bridges to more or less closely connected issues in general philosophy of science, philosophy of physics and philosophy of the special sciences. However, papers that analyze the concept of probability for various philosophical purposes are clearly a major theme in this volume, as it was in the previous volumes of the same series. This reflects the impressive productivity of probabilistic approaches in the philosophy of science, which form an important part of what has become known as formal epistemology - although, of course, there are non-probabilistic approaches in formal epistemology as well. It is probably fair to say that Europe has been particularly strong in this area of philosophy in recent years.
Statistics In The Law Of Evidence
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Author : Nicholas Lennings
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2024-11-14
Statistics In The Law Of Evidence written by Nicholas Lennings and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-14 with Law categories.
This book evaluates the role played by statistical evidence in litigation. Despite the increasing prevalence of statistical evidence in modern litigation, how such evidence should be admitted and used by courts is often inconsistent and widely criticised. Accepting that statistical evidence can lead to more accurate decisions, the book proposes criteria that could allow courts to decide that statistical evidence is good for fact-finding. The many and varied scholarly debates regarding statistical evidence have by and large avoided judicial attention. Unlike previous works, this book contextualises those debates in the language and practice of evidence law, focusing principally on Australia, as well as the UK and the USA. It does so by identifying that the controversy around statistical evidence follows the three-tiered statistical syllogism underlying statistical inference: first, whether statistical evidence is capable of establishing an association between phenomena in a state of nature; second, inferring that phenomena to an individual from the general association; and third, whether statistical evidence can be sufficient for proof of contested facts. Objections are said to arise at each level of this syllogism and, by mapping these objections onto evidence law, the book argues that a pathway for the judicial evaluation of statistical evidence can be constructed.
A Basic Theory Of Everything
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Author : Atle Ottesen Søvik
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-04-04
A Basic Theory Of Everything written by Atle Ottesen Søvik and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-04 with Philosophy categories.
What are the basic building blocks of the world? This book presents a naturalistic theory saying that the universe and everything in it can be reduced to three fundamental entities: a field, a set of values that can be actualized at different places in the field, and an actualizer of the values. The theory is defended by using it to answer the main questions in metaphysics, such as: What is causality, existence, laws of nature, consciousness, thinking, free will, time, mathematical entities, ethical values, etc.? The theory is compared with the main alternatives and argued to solve problems better than the existing theories. Several new theories are suggested, such as how to understand mental causation, free will and the truth of ethics and mathematics.
Science In The Age Of Sensibility
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Author : Jessica Riskin
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2010-11-15
Science In The Age Of Sensibility written by Jessica Riskin and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-15 with Science categories.
Empiricism today implies the dispassionate scrutiny of facts. But Jessica Riskin finds that in the French Enlightenment, empiricism was intimately bound up with sensibility. In what she calls a "sentimental empiricism," natural knowledge was taken to rest on a blend of experience and emotion. Riskin argues that sentimental empiricism brought together ideas and institutions, practices and politics. She shows, for instance, how the study of blindness, led by ideas about the mental and moral role of vision and by cataract surgeries, shaped the first school for the blind; how Benjamin Franklin's electrical physics, ascribing desires to nature, engaged French economic reformers; and how the question of the role of language in science and social life linked disputes over Antoine Lavoisier's new chemical names to the founding of France's modern system of civic education. Recasting the Age of Reason by stressing its conjunction with the Age of Sensibility, Riskin offers an entirely new perspective on the development of modern science and the history of the Enlightenment.
Foundational Principles Of Contract Law
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Author : Melvin A. Eisenberg
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-09-20
Foundational Principles Of Contract Law written by Melvin A. Eisenberg and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-20 with Law categories.
Foundational Principles of Contract Law not only sets out the principles and rules of contract law, it places more emphasis on what the principles and rules of contract law should be, based on policy, morality, and experience. A major premise of the book is that the best way to grasp contract law is to understand it from a critical perspective as an organic, dynamic subject. When contract law is approached in this way it is much easier to grasp and learn than when it is presented simply as a static collection of principles and rules. Professor Eisenberg covers almost all areas of contract law, including the enforceability of promises, remedies for breach of contract, problems of assent, form contracts, the effect of mistake and changed circumstances, interpretation, and problems of performance. Although the emphasis of the book is on the principles and rules of contract law, it also covers important theories in contract law, such as the theory of efficient breach, the theory of overreliance, the normative theory of contracts, formalism, and theories of contract interpretation.
Resonance From Probability To Epistemology And Back
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Author : Krzysztof Burdzy
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2016-05-26
Resonance From Probability To Epistemology And Back written by Krzysztof Burdzy and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-26 with Mathematics categories.
Resonance examines some building blocks of epistemology as a prelude to the careful analysis of the foundations of probability. The concept of resonance is introduced to shed light on the philosophical problems of induction, consciousness, intelligence and free will. The same concept is later applied to provide support for a new philosophical theory of probability.Although based on existing ideas and theories, the epistemological concept of resonance is investigated for the first time in this book. The best-known philosophical theories of probability, frequency and subjective, are shown to be unrealistic and dissociated from the two main branches of statistics: frequency statistics and Bayesian statistics.Written in an accessible style, this book can be enjoyed by philosophers, statisticians and mathematicians, and also by anyone looking to expand their understanding of the disciplines of epistemology and probability.