Regulation Of Virulence Gene Transcripts By The Francisella Orphan Response Regulator Pmra
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Regulation Of Virulence Gene Transcripts By The Francisella Orphan Response Regulator Pmra
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Author : Brian Len Bell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Regulation Of Virulence Gene Transcripts By The Francisella Orphan Response Regulator Pmra written by Brian Len Bell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Abstract: Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis is the etiologic agent of tularemia and has been designated a category A biothreat agent by the CDC. Tularemia is characterized by replication and dissemination within host phagocytes. Intramacrophage growth is dependent upon the regulation of Francisella Pathogenicity Island (FPI) virulence genes, which is poorly understood. Two-component regulatory systems (TCS) are widely employed by Gram negative bacteria to monitor and respond to environmental signals. Virulent strains of F. tularensis are devoid of classical, tandemnly arranged TCS, but orphaned members, such as the response regulator PmrA, have been identified. In the F. novicida model system, previous work has shown that a pmrA mutant is deficient for intramacrophage growth and is avirulent in the mouse model. Here we determine that phosphorylation aids PmrA binding to regulated promoters pmrA and the FPI encoded pdpD, and KdpD is the histidine kinase primarily responsible for phosphorylation of PmrA at the aspartic acid at position 51 (D51). A strain expressing PmrA D51A retains some DNA binding but exhibits reduced expression of the PmrA-regulon, is deficient for intramacrophage replication and is attenuated in the mouse model. PmrA co-precipitates with the FPI transcription factors MglA and SspA, which bind RNA polymerase. Together this data suggests a model of Francisella gene regulation that includes a TCS consisting of KdpD and PmrA. Once phosphorylated, PmrA binds to regulated gene promoters recruiting free or RNA polymerase bound MglA and SspA to initiate FPI gene transcription.
Francisella Tularensis And Tularemia
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Author : Anders Sjöstedt
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2011-06-11
Francisella Tularensis And Tularemia written by Anders Sjöstedt and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-11 with categories.
The bacterium today known as Francisella tularensis was first identified 99 years ago and, since then, much research has been devoted to study it and the resulting disease, tularemia. F. tularensis became the focus of an intense research effort during the first half of the 20th century, in particularly in the United States and Soviet Union, since the disease was fairly common. Due to its high infectivity, ease of spread, and severity of the resulting disease, it was one of the agents given the highest priority in the biological weapon programs of the United States and Soviet Union. After termination of these programs in the 1960s, the interest in F. tularensis diminished significantly, but after several decades of little attention, the last decade has led to resurgence in the research on F. tularensis. In 2003, the Science magazine phrased it as follows: “an obscure weapon of the cold war edges into the limelight”. There were multiple reasons for this resurgence, one of which was an increase in the number of tularemia cases in several European countries and, moreover, the intense research effort on potential bioterrorist agents in the US post 9/11. Thereby, the number of annual publications on F. tularensis has tripled in 10 years, and many new research groups, in particular American, have entered the field. This has led to very rapid development of state-of-the-art research tools, and fast progress in the understanding of F. tularensis. A proof of the rapid progress was the publication of a comprehensive volume on Francisella and tularemia in 2007. Although only four years ago, the rapid pace of the research has led to many new discoveries since then and, to this end, we now present a collection of articles from leading scientists on the up-to-date knowledge regarding F. tularensis. The articles cover important areas such as molecular research tools, experimental models, genomics, virulence mechanisms, manipulation and subversion of host responses, host immune responses, and the ecology of F. tularensis.
Issues In Immunology Research 2011 Edition
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
Release Date : 2012-01-09
Issues In Immunology Research 2011 Edition written by and has been published by ScholarlyEditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-09 with Medical categories.
Issues in Immunology Research / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Immunology Research. The editors have built Issues in Immunology Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Immunology Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Immunology Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Molecular Medical Microbiology
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Author : Yi-Wei Tang
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-09-14
Molecular Medical Microbiology written by Yi-Wei Tang and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-14 with Science categories.
The molecular age has brought about dramatic changes in medical microbiology, and great leaps in our understanding of the mechanisms of infectious disease. Molecular Medical Microbiology is the first book to synthesise the many new developments in both molecular and clinical research in a single comprehensive resource. This timely and authoritative three-volume work is an invaluable reference source of medical bacteriology. Comprising more than 100 chapters, organized into 17 major sections, the scope of this impressive work is wide-ranging. Written by experts in the field, chapters include cutting-edge information, and clinical overviews for each major bacterial group, in addition to the latest updates on vaccine development, molecular technology and diagnostic technology. Topics covered include bacterial structure, cell function, and genetics; mechanisms of pathogenesis and prevention; antibacterial agents; and infections ranging from gastrointestinal to urinary tract, centrtal nervous system, respiratory tract, and more. The first comprehensive and accessible reference on molecular medical microbiology Full color presentation througout In-depth discussion of individual pathogenic bacteria in a system-oriented approach Includes a clinical overview for each major bacterial group Presents the latest information on vaccine development, molecular technology, and diagnostic technology More than 100 chapters covering all major groups of bacteria Written by an international panel of authors who are experts in their respective disciplines
The Genus Yersinia
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Author : Robert D. Perry
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-09-25
The Genus Yersinia written by Robert D. Perry and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-25 with Medical categories.
The 9th International Symposium on Yersinia was held in Lexington, Kentucky, USA on October 10-14, 2006. Over 250 Yersinia researchers from 18 countries gathered to present and discuss their research. In addition to 37 oral presentations, there were 150 poster presentations. This Symposium volume is based on selected presentations from the meeting and contains both reviews and research articles. It is divided into six topic areas: 1) genomics; 2) structure and metabolism; 3) regulatory mechanisms; 4) pathogenesis and host interactions; 5) molecular epidemiology and detection; and 6) vaccine and antimicrobial therapy development. Consequently, this volume covers a wide range of current research areas in the Yersinia field.
Molecular Mechanisms In Legionella Pathogenesis
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Author : Hubert Hilbi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-07-08
Molecular Mechanisms In Legionella Pathogenesis written by Hubert Hilbi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-08 with Medical categories.
Legionnaires’ disease, a potentially fatal type of pneumonia primarily affecting elderly and immuno-compromised persons, is caused by the ubiquitous environmental bacterium Legionella pneumophila. This book offers authoritative reviews of different facets of its virulence, focusing on comparative phagocyte infection, virulence gene regulation, biochemical functions of effector proteins and cellular pathogen-host interactions, as well as host responses and immunity to L. pneumophila. Taken together, the contributions in this compilation provide a state-of-the-art overview of current insights into the molecular pathogenesis of the opportunistic and potentially fatal pathogen L. pneumophila.
Metallomics And The Cell
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Author : Lucia Banci
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-18
Metallomics And The Cell written by Lucia Banci and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-18 with Science categories.
Metallomics and the Cell provides in an authoritative and timely manner in 16 stimulating chapters, written by 37 internationally recognized experts from 9 nations, and supported by more than 3000 references, several tables, and 110 illustrations, mostly in color, a most up-to-date view of the "metallomes" which, as defined in the "omics" world, describe the entire set of biomolecules that interact with or are affected by each metal ion. The most relevant tools for visualizing metal ions in the cell and the most suitable bioinformatic tools for browsing genomes to identify metal-binding proteins are also presented. Thus, MILS-12 is of relevance for structural and systems biology, inorganic biological chemistry, genetics, medicine, diagnostics, as well as teaching, etc.
Antimicrobial Resistance In Agriculture
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Author : Indranil Samanta
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-09-30
Antimicrobial Resistance In Agriculture written by Indranil Samanta and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-30 with Medical categories.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Agriculture: Perspective, Policy and Mitigation is a valuable industrial resource that addresses complex, multi-factorial topics regarding farm, wild, companion animals, fish, and how the environment plays an important role in amplification and transmission of resistant bugs into the human food chain. Information of phenotypical and genotypical properties of each bacterial genus associated with antimicrobial resistance, transmission dynamics from different reservoirs (food animals, poultry, fishes) and control measures with alternative therapy, such as phytobiotics and nanomaterials are provided. Researchers, scientists and practitioners will find this an essential resource on the judicial use of antibiotics in animals and humans.
Producing Safe Eggs
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Author : Steven C Ricke
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-09-13
Producing Safe Eggs written by Steven C Ricke and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Producing Safe Eggs: Microbial Ecology of Salmonella takes the unique approach of interfacing problems of Salmonella and microbial contamination with commercial egg production. It presents in-depth information on microbial contamination, safety and control, physiology, immunology, neurophysiology, and animal welfare, which makes this book a complete reference for anyone involved in the safe production of eggs and egg products in the food industry. This book discusses management and risk factors across the entire egg production process, including practical applications to decrease disease and contaminated food products in poultry houses, processing plants and retail businesses. It is an integral reference for food scientists, food safety and quality professionals, food processors, food production managers, and food business owners, as well as students in food science, safety, microbiology, and animal science. Includes pre- and post-harvest control measures to reduce microbial contamination and salmonella risks Presents hot topics regarding vaccination, egg-in-shell pasteurization, and other new technologies currently under development Provides risk assessment strategies for implementation in business operations Discusses management and risk factors across the entire egg production process, including practical applications to decrease disease and contaminated food products in poultry houses, processing plants, and retail businesses Offers a complete reference for anyone involved in the safe production of eggs and egg products in the food industry
Transition Metals In Microbial Metabolism
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Author : Gunther Winkelmann
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-02-15
Transition Metals In Microbial Metabolism written by Gunther Winkelmann and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-15 with Medical categories.
The key role played by iron, as well as other transition metals, in microbial metabolism is investigated in this volume. Topics covered include: iron chelation and siderophores; receptor-mediated bacterial iron transport; and the nitogenases.