Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe
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Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe
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Author : Giorgio Brunello
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe written by Giorgio Brunello and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Labour markets are currently in a phase of cyclical recovery and undergoing structural transformation due to globalisation, demographic trends, advancing digital technologies and automation and changes in labour market institutions. Against this background, businesses increasingly report that the limited availability of skills poses an impediment to corporate investment. Genuine skill constraints can negatively affect labour productivity and hamper the ability to innovate and adopt technological developments. For individual Europeans, not having "the right skills" limits employability prospects and access to quality jobs. For Europe at large, persistent skill gaps and mismatches come at economic and social costs. This paper reviews the recent economic literature on skill mismatch and skill shortages with a focus on Europe a focus on Europe.
Eib Working Papers 2019 05 Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe
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Author : European Investment Bank
language : en
Publisher: European Investment Bank
Release Date : 2019-10-15
Eib Working Papers 2019 05 Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe written by European Investment Bank and has been published by European Investment Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Labour markets are undergoing structural transformation due to globalisation, demographic trends, advancing digital technologies and automation and changes in labour market institutions. Against this background, businesses increasingly report that the limited availability of skills poses an impediment to corporate investment. Genuine skill constraints can negatively affect labour productivity and hamper the ability to innovate and adopt technological developments. For individual Europeans, not having "the right skills" limits employability prospects and access to quality jobs. For Europe at large, persistent skill gaps and mismatches come at economic and social costs. This paper reviews the recent economic literature on skill mismatch and skill shortages, with a focus on Europe. It questions: how the job requirements of individuals can be measured; whether skill shortages stated by employers reflect the lack of suitable candidates or are due instead to the wage and working conditions being offered; what economic costs are posed by skill mismatch and shortages; and how policy can address the issue of skills, including the role of EU policies.
Insights Into Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Insights Into Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
This publication focuses on a topic of critical concern for policy-makers in recent years: skill mismatch. Cedefop has been active in skill mismatch research and analysis for almost a decade now, identifying significant areas of concern and contention surrounding the issue, including clarification of key concepts. It has also engaged in original data collection and analysis, resulting in several publications. Most prominently, in spring 2014 Cedefop undertook the first European skills and jobs survey (ESJS), a large-scale primary data collection of about 49 000 adult employees in 28 EU Member States. This report summarises many of the insights gained by closer empirical scrutiny of this new European data set. We focus on skill mismatch because the economic crisis, with its mass destruction of jobs in some sectors, was associated with a significant decline in employment for individuals with lower qualifications and skills. The average duration of unemployment was extended and long-term unemployment, primarily comprising the lower-educated, expanded to a wide range of employees at all levels. In some EU countries traditional modes of production and business models have been disrupted greatly. Research revealed that these growing labour market imbalances have seeped into higher structural unemployment rates, with the consequence of exacerbated concern that skill mismatch is worsening in the EU. Shifts in skill demand and supply have been reflected in the stated inability of employers to fill their vacancies with people that have the right skills. Data repeated by several sources indicated that four in 10 EU employers said in 2013 that they have difficulty finding the right skills when recruiting. When looking to the future, further concern arises that Europe may be unprepared for the evolution of a new digitalised economic reality. For example, Cedefop's European skills forecasting model projects that by 2025 about 48% of all job opportunities in Europe will need to be filled by individuals with tertiary-level qualifications. The ESJS also shows that about 85% of all EU jobs need at least a basic digital skills level. It is visible, even to the untrained eye, that unripe technological advances, such as machine learning, big data analytics, the internet of things and advanced robotics, together with restructuring in global value chains, are reshaping the world of work as we know it today. Existing research on skill mismatch has revealed that there are sizeable differences in the magnitude and economic costs of the many different types of skill mismatch. One-size-fits-all policies are unlikely to be effective as EU countries tend to suffer from different forms of the problem but it is clear that undertaking policies to reduce skill mismatch can result in sizeable efficiency gains. A Cedefop estimate, based on the ESJS, has shown that the existing skills of the EU's workforce fall about one fifth short of what is needed for workers to carry out their jobs at their highest productivity level. This calls for concerted action to stimulate further adult learning in Europe.
Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Skill Shortages And Skill Mismatch In Europe written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper reviews the recent economic literature on skill mismatch and skill shortages with a focus on Europe. The review starts with a conceptual overview of skill mismatch and skill shortages and how to measure them. An issue discussed in the first section is the measurement of job requirements, i.e. a demand side variable, that some authors compute using surveys of individuals, which typically collect information on the supply side (educational attainment, foundation skills). Individuals, however, do not often have a reliable view of job requirements, and may actually have an incentive to inflate them. Another issue is whether skill shortages stated by employers reflect the lack of suitable candidates among job seekers or are due instead to the wage and working conditions being offered.
Skill Shortage And Surplus Occupations In Europe
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Skill Shortage And Surplus Occupations In Europe written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
European policymakers have long-standing interest in the extent, causes and consequences of skill mismatch. Problems posed by skill shortages and surpluses are of particular concern. Cedefop has developed an innovative risk-based approach that helps identify occupations that European and national policymakers should prioritise due to skill mismatch. It also provides insights into why skill mismatches arise.
Skill Shortages In The European Community
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Skill Shortages In The European Community written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Labor supply categories.
Skills Mismatch Productivity In The Eu
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Skills Mismatch Productivity In The Eu written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper analyses different dimensions of skills mismatch (notably ‘macro-economic skills mismatch’, ‘skills shortages’, and ‘on-the-job skills mismatch’) and their empirical relationship with labour productivity. Macro-economic skills mismatch arises when the skills distribution differs between the available workers and those that get hired. Skills shortages occur when employers encounter difficulties to fill their vacancies. On-the-job skills mismatch (overqualification or underqualification) refers to a discrepancy between the qualification level of a jobholder and the requirements for that particular job. Our data suggest that certain types of skills mismatch are indeed on the rise in the EU, notably skills shortages and overqualification. Other types are on a long-term declining trend (e.g. underqualification) or follow more complex patterns over time (e.g. macro-economic skills mismatch). There are also significant differences across EU Member States in the levels of these indicators. We further suggest that theoretical predictions on the relationship between skills mismatch and productivity depend on the dimension of skills mismatch considered. Our empirical analysis suggests a negative relationship between macro-economic skill mismatch and labour productivity and – as a sign of a buoyant economy - a positive relationship between skills shortages and labour productivity. With regard to on-the-job skills mismatch, our data confirm earlier findings from the economic literature: when comparing a mismatched with a well-matched worker within the same occupation, overqualification raises and underqualification reduces productivity. When comparing a mismatched with a well-matched worker within the same qualification level, overqualification reduces and underqualification increases productivity. Our results imply a positive link between skills supply and productivity. However, to realise the full potential of higher skills, skills should be labour market relevant and skilled workers need to be matched with jobs that use these skills. Therefore, upskilling policies should ideally be accompanied by policies that assure quality and labour market relevance of acquired skills, policies that foster a general upgrading of jobs such as business regulations allowing for firm entry, growth, sectoral reallocation, and policies supporting labour mobility and innovation.
Getting Skills Right Assessing And Anticipating Changing Skill Needs
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2016-04-08
Getting Skills Right Assessing And Anticipating Changing Skill Needs written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-08 with categories.
Digitalisation, globalisation, demographic shifts and other changes in work organisation are constantly reshaping skill needs. This can lead to persistent skill shortages and mismatch which are costly for individuals, firms and society in terms of lost wages and lower productivity and growth.
Global Skill Shortages
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Author : Malcolm S. Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2002-01-01
Global Skill Shortages written by Malcolm S. Cohen and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
"Scholars, government officials, students and corporate and union representatives concerned with employment, labor and training policies and issues will find the data and analysis in this book a valuable addition to their knowledge."--BOOK JACKET.
Skills Mismatch
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Author : Seamus McGuinness
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Skills Mismatch written by Seamus McGuinness and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The term skills mismatch is very broad and can relate to many forms of labour market friction, including vertical mismatch, skill gaps, skill shortages, field of study (horizontal) mismatch and skill obsolescence. In this paper, we provide a clear overview of each concept and discuss the measurement and inter-relatedness of different forms of mismatch. We present a comprehensive analysis of the current position of the literature on skills mismatch and highlight areas which are relatively underdeveloped and may warrant further research. Using data from the European Skills and Jobs Survey, we assess the incidence of various combinations of skills mismatch across the EU. Finally, we review the European Commission's country-specific recommendations and find that skills mismatch, when referring to underutilized human capital in the form of overeducation and skills underutilization, receives little policy attention. In cases where skills mismatch forms part of policy recommendations, the policy advice is either vague or addresses the areas of mismatch for which there is the least available evidence.