Spatial Organization In The Immune Synapse

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Spatial Organization In The Immune Synapse

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Author : Boryana Nikolaeva Manz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Spatial Organization In The Immune Synapse written by Boryana Nikolaeva Manz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.

Spatial Organization At The Immunological Synapse

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Author : Kaspar David Mossman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Spatial Organization At The Immunological Synapse written by Kaspar David Mossman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

Molecular Dynamics At The Immunological Synapse

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Author : Pedro Roda-Navarro
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-03-21

Molecular Dynamics At The Immunological Synapse written by Pedro Roda-Navarro and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-21 with categories.

The immunological synapse (IS) is a specialised cell-cell adhesion that mediates antigen acquisition and regulates the activation of lymphocytes. Initial studies of the IS showed a structure composed of stable supra-molecular activation clusters (SMAC) organised during the interaction of helper T lymphocytes with B lymphocytes, working as antigen presenting cells. A central SMAC of coalesced T cell receptors (TCRs) and a peripheral SMAC for cell-cell adhesion were observed. IS with similar structure was later described during antigen acquisition by B cells and during the interaction of NK cells with target and healthy cells. More recent research developed with microscopy systems that improve the spatial and temporal resolution has showed the complex molecular dynamics at the IS that governs lymphocyte activation. Currently, the IS is seen as a three-dimensional structure where signalling networks for lymphocyte activation and endosomal and cytoskeleton machinery are polarised. A view has emerged in which dynamic microclusters of signalling complexes are composed of molecular components attached to the plasma membrane and other components conveyed on sub-synaptic vesicles transported to the membrane by cytoskeletal fibers and motor proteins. Much information is nonetheless missing about how the dynamics of the endosomal compartment, the cytoskeleton, and signalling complexes are reciprocally regulated to achieve the function of lymphocytes. Experimental evidence also suggests that the environment surrounding lymphocytes exposed to different antigenic challenge regulates IS assembly and functional output, making an even more complex scenario still far from being completely understood. Also, although some signalling molecular components for lymphocyte activation have been identified and thoroughly studied, the function of other molecules has not been yet uncovered or deeply characterised. This research topic aims to provide the reader with the latest information about the molecular dynamics governing lymphocyte activation. These molecular dynamics dictate cell decisions. Thus, we expect that understanding them will provide new avenues for cell manipulation in therapies to treat different immune-related pathologies.

The Immunological Synapse Part A

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-01-16

The Immunological Synapse Part A written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-16 with Science categories.

The Immunological Synapse, Part A, Volume 173 in the Methods in Cell Biology series provides state-of-the-art methods for the study of the immunological synapse. Sections cover Imaging polarized granule release at the cytotoxic T cell immunological synapse using TIRF microscopy: control by polarity regulators, Analysis of centrosomal area actin reorganization and centrosome polarization upon lymphocyte activation at the immunological synapse, P815-based redirected degranulation assay to study human NK cell effector functions, Cytotoxic and Chemotactic Dynamics of Natural Killer Cells Quantified by Live-cell Imaging, Quantification of interaction frequency between antigen-presenting cells and T cells by conjugation assay, and more. Other chapters focus on the Study of the Effects of NK-Tumor Cell Interaction by Proteomic Analysis and Imaging, Quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus specific T cells and LCMV viral titers, Quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus specific T cells and LCMV viral titers, An in vitro model to monitor natural killer cell effector functions against primary breast cancer, and Standardized Protocol for the Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-modified Cell Immunological Synapse Quality using the Glass-supported Planar L. - Covers various methods related to the study of the immunological synapse - Includes detailed, point-by-point, methods as well as various important notes - Provides the authority and expertise from an international board of leading scientists

The Immune Synapse

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Author : Cosima T. Baldari
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-04-27

The Immune Synapse written by Cosima T. Baldari and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-27 with Science categories.

This new collection features the most up-to-date essential protocols that are currently being used to study the immune synapse. Beginning with methods for making biophysical measurements, the volume continues by covering the cell biology of synapses, methods for advanced substrate engineering, mechanobiology topics, new technologies to describe and manipulate synaptic components, as well as methods related to sites of action and immunotherapy. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and fully updated, The Immune Synapse: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal practical guide for researchers working in this dynamic field. Chapters 5, 11, 18, 27, 30, and 32 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Encyclopedia Of Immunobiology

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-04-27

Encyclopedia Of Immunobiology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-27 with Medical categories.

Encyclopedia of Immunobiology, Five Volume Set provides the largest integrated source of immunological knowledge currently available. It consists of broad ranging, validated summaries on all of the major topics in the field as written by a team of leading experts. The large number of topics covered is relevant to a wide range of scientists working on experimental and clinical immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, genetics, veterinary science, physiology, and hematology. The book is built in thematic sections that allow readers to rapidly navigate around related content. Specific sections focus on basic, applied, and clinical immunology. The structure of each section helps readers from a range of backgrounds gain important understanding of the subject. Contains tables, pictures, and multimedia features that enhance the learning process In-depth coverage allows readers from a range of backgrounds to benefit from the material Provides handy cross-referencing between articles to improve readability, including easy access from portable devices

Immunological Synapse

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Author : Takashi Saito
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-03

Immunological Synapse written by Takashi Saito and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-03 with Medical categories.

The proper physiological functioning of most eukaryotic cells requires their assembly into multi-cellular tissues that form organized organ systems. Cells of the immune system develop in bone marrow and lymphoid organs, but as the cells mature they leave these organs and circulate as single cells. Antigen receptors (TCRs) of T cells search for membrane MHC proteins that are bound to peptides derived from infectious pathogens or cellular transformations. The detection of such speci?c peptide–MHC antigens initiates T cell activation, adhesion, and immune-effectors functions. Studies of normal and transformed T cell lines and of T cells from transgenic mice led to comprehensive understanding of the mole- lar basis of antigen-receptor recognition and signaling. In spite of these remarkable genetic and biochemical advances, other key physiological mechanisms that par- cipate in sensing and decoding the immune context to induce the appropriate cellular immune responses remain unresolved. TCRrecognition is tightly regulated to trigger sensitive but balanced T cell responses that result in the effective elimination of the pathogens while minimizing collateral damage to the host. The sensitivity of TCR recognition has to be properly tempered to prevent unintended activation by self-peptide–MHC complexes that cause autoimmune diseases. It is likely that once the TCR is engaged by a peptide– MHC and TCR signaling begins, additional regulatory mechanisms, involving other receptors, would increase the ?delity of the response.

Cytoskeletal Regulation Of Immune Response

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Author : Sudha Kumari
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-04

Cytoskeletal Regulation Of Immune Response written by Sudha Kumari and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-04 with Science categories.

Membrane Nanodomains

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Author : John R. Silvius
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2013

Membrane Nanodomains written by John R. Silvius and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.

Many membranes in eukaryotic cells are inhomogeneous structures in which various membrane components are nonrandomly distributed, forming diverse types of 'domains.' Some membrane domains have long been well known, because they are sufficiently large, long-lived, and morphologically well defined to be characterized using classical microscopic and biochemical approaches. However, new technologies have revealed the presence in membranes of smaller, often highly dynamic 'nanodomains' that also play key roles in membrane function. Our current understanding of the diversity, the properties, and the functions of nanodomains is still very limited and, in some cases, controversial. Nonetheless, it is clear that many important aspects of membrane biology arise from features of membrane organization that 'play out' on spatial and temporal scales that are only now becoming experimentally accessible in living systems. In this book, we will discuss properties and interactions of membrane molecules that lead to nanodomain formation, new and emerging technologies by which nanodomains can be studied, and experimental examples that illustrate both highlights and current limitations of our present knowledge of the properties of membrane nanodomains in various cell types.

The Immunological Synapse Part B

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-07-27

The Immunological Synapse Part B written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-27 with Science categories.

The Immunological Synapse - Part B, Volume 178 in the Methods in Cell Biology series provides state-of-the-art methods for the study of the immunological synapse. This first volume covers various aspects on T cell and natural killer (NK) cell synapses, including imaging polarized granule release using TIRF microscopy, analysis of actin reorganization and centrosome polarization, redirected degranulation, live cell-imaging to quantify cytotoxic and chemotactic dynamics, quantification of interactions between APCs and T cells, assessment of membrane lipid state at the immunological synapse, proteomic analysis and imaging of NK-tumor cell interaction, evaluating natural killer cell effector functions against breast cancer cells derived from human tumor tissue, evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified cell immunological synapse quality using the glass-supported planar lipid bilayer, and monitoring potency of therapeutic CAR T cells. It also includes one chapter on quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus specific T cells and LCMV viral titers, and one chapter on the murine antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis assay. - Covers various methods related to the study of the immunological synapse - Includes detailed, point-by-point, methods as well as various important notes - Provides the authority and expertise from an international board of leading scientists